№ 109(5), May, 2015
Public date: 29.05.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 88, 161 kb
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COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES IN THE ANALYSIS OF A COMPLEX PHYSICAL PROBLEM
DescriptionThe article discusses the technology of using modern computer tools in the educational process of preparation of teachers of physics in the analysis of a complex modern problem. We consider the experimental task, the analysis of which cannot be carried out without the use of methods of calculus mathematics. A massive conductor in the form of a solid cylinder is placed in a quasi-stationary magnetic field. It is necessary to find the parameters of the magnetic field in the volume of the conductor. An algorithm for developing a program of numerical study of the radial dependence of the field in the conductor is given. The graphs of dimensionless amplitude of the field and of the phase shift relative to the external field at different are drawn where и are the radius and conductivity of the material of the cylinder, is the frequency of the external field, h is a dimensionless radial coordinate equal to . The graphs let us “see” what is going on with the field inside the conductor with the change of control parameters z and h. We demonstrate the self-organization of the test field with increasing z, which happens because of the nonlinear feedbacks. It is shown that the use of modern information technology in educational research tasks to confront theory with real physical experiments lets us raise the level of quality of training future teachers of physics and computer science. The use of this method in the educational process of pedagogical (physics) and technical institutes of higher education is recommended
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THE ECONOMIC SUBSTANTIATION OF THE TIMING OF MECHANIZED OPERATIONS IN CROP PRODUCTION
DescriptionIn assessing the optimal composition of machine and tractor fleet nomenclature and quantitative composition of parks of technical means and some parameters of production technology are used as varying variables, leaving the timing of mechanized field work fixed. At the same time change the duration of mechanized operations in the most intense periods of the field season can significantly affect the amount of the basic means of mechanization as a part of machine and tractor fleet, the value of investments in its formation and operating costs. The article proposes a method of determining the composition of the machine and tractor fleet of agricultural organizations considered the "flexible" duration of the mechanized operations in field and based on the iterative adjustment of the results of the optimization of machine and tractor fleet by the criterion of the minimum difference between savings investment and value of crop losses. The realization of the algorithm described above will allow determining the optimal composition of machine and tractor fleet of agricultural organizations considering the possibility of changing the duration of mechanized operations in field in the most intense periods. At the same time the resulting calculations decision takes into account the compromise between the growth of production losses by increasing the duration of mechanized operations and a reduction in capital costs for the formation of the machine and tractor fleet
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THE EFFICIENCY DEVELOPMENT ASPECTS OF A REGION WITH AGRARIAN ECONOMY
DescriptionThe article discusses development factors in agricultural production and marks the difficulties impeding positive dynamics: low levels of accessibility to credits, capital intensity, power availability, organic and mineral fertilizers application, infrastructure of the commodity market, particularly small farms. It refers to the most important external and internal production factors. Among the limiting factors we should note high lending cost, fiscal, changes in tax policy, volatility and price disparity, lack of working capital, financial risks, depreciation of fixed assets, problems with the mechanization in the field of production, shortage of skilled workers. In the article we note factors of increasing economic efficiency including government assistance in the area of lending, incentive policy, insurance, innovation promote, using of advanced domestic and foreign technologies in the modernization processes of production, assistance in staff professional development. It is noted that to improve the financial sustainability of regional agricultural companies today we need a more equitable economic distribution mechanism using of state regulation funds and a support to specific producers and processors of agricultural products, taking into account natural, territorial rents, levels of use of the resource potential, production costs, final contribution to the formation of a regional product. This approach will improve the effectiveness of the targeted direct government support of the particular agricultural industry, including small farms
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Description
The article is devoted to the scientific approach by means of automated projecting for modeling of processes of interaction of soil-processing tools with soil. The article has an applied character expressing that the method of automated projecting in Mathcad and with the help of the program SAP COMPAS 3D. There were presented the analyses of expressions as three-dimension graphics and was given their detailed analysis which can be used at implementation of construction of aggregates executing the main soil treatment with layer’s circulation. There was the main tendency of working outs of soil-processing machinery, improvement of arable aggregate constructions to make better their qualitative indexes of work. In the result of conducted work there was obtained the construction of combined mouldboard with additional flat-cutting working organs, was made up the matrix of planning of the experiment, was obtained the graph of dependence of the capture’s width of flat-cutting razor from the speed of movement of arable aggregate from which we can see that at increase of coefficient of capture’s width of flat-cutting razor the decrease of productivity happens, and the worsening of qualitative indexes of work of mouldboard respectively; there were substantiated the factors of influence the productivity; in the result of use of planning of two-factor experiment on orthogonal plan were determined the optimal parameters of work regimes of mouldboard
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Description
The article deals with the importance of agricultural products in meeting the needs of the population. Recent years its volume has grown considerably from abroad. However, the size of agricultural production declined sharply due to the economic sanctions from the EU, the USA and other countries against Russia. The article explains a number of areas of the import of foreign agricultural products domestically. In the first place, we have to progressively develop the production of crops and the livestock. In the food market due to the intensification of the work of many of the subjects of agricultural production we can see many other agricultural products, which have gradually reduced the level of dependence on imports. All this was stated in the article with the specific examples of increasing agricultural production in many regions of the country
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ELEMENTS OF CONTROL OVER HIERARCHIE SYSTEMS WITH ASSUMED HIERARCHY
DescriptionThe article presents a mathematical model of control over dynamic hierarchy system. The model was proposed for dealing with systems with assumed order in the technical problem of predicting destructions depending onto the amount of defects on different scale levels. The problem of the closest to a certain point of shelf life of hierarchy system is solved. The example of approach control during the given time is given. The problem concerns mathematic programming. Formulation of multi-parameter vector optimization criteria (improvement) with its own hierarchy and the formal exercise of multi-criteria optimization of the model parameters. The research can achieve clarity about the conditions under which the structure is preserved. Managing sustainable development system with a given level of the hierarchy for the technical systems can only be achieved in keeping
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MANAGEMENT OF CHOCOLATE MASS STRUCTURE CREATION
DescriptionIn the article the processes of chocolate masses, which are determined by the kinetics of the interaction of the dispersed phase through the layer of the dispersion medium, i.e., determined by surface phenomena at the interface, were examined. The results of the study of surface-active properties of sunflower activated phospholipids and dietary supplements "Vitol", which were performed on the model of structured systems. A theoretical and experimental study of the development of practical recommendations for the use of surface-active substances in the production of chocolate masses is given. The ability of dietary supplements "Vitol" and PAF to control the properties of structured disperse systems, which include chocolate mass, was found out. It is shown that the input of sunflower activated phospholipid and dietary supplements "Vitol" to chocolate masses in certain quantities leads to a significant change in the nature of the deformation behavior of chocolate masses. The behavior of thin layers of cocoa butter, PAF and BAA "Vitol" on various liquid surfaces was introduced. The study was carried out by monolayers. The obtained results showed that increasing the pH of the substrate a surface pressure increases, and the film stretches and tends to spread. It has been shown that the injection of surfactant to cocoa butter film facilitates the spreading of water on cocoa butter. It is found that PAF and especially BAA "Vitol" pose the greatest surface pressure, and the most stable and dense layers comparing to other surfactants. Study of the properties of thin layers of cocoa butter and BAA "Vitol" liquid surfaces showed that dietary supplements "Vitol" significantly increases the ability to spread cocoa butter films on the surface of the water
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Description
The low rate of planting and harvesting mechanization is a common drawback of the equipment for hydroponic green fodder (HGF) cultivation. The system, that has been developed, is represented by a rack construction with a tray positioned on each rack; a tray is the place where the processes of seed dispersal and growth and the takeout of grown HGF occur. A tray with a pipe sways in opposite directions over pipe axis, and, as a result, moving bulk of seeds covers the entire tray surface with a seed layer of uniform thickness. The mathematical model of dynamics in the “granular medium – tray” system has been developed; on the basis of this model, after execution of simulation modeling, practical angles of tray tilt were identified as being within the range of 20 – 30 degrees. Experimental investigations have been carried out on the barley of “Vakula” cultivar with seed moisture contents 10%, 14%, 16% and 18%. During the research, the main factors influencing the process under consideration were identified: the moisture content in barley seeds; initial angle of tray tilt; the number of tray swaying motions. It was determined that the increase of tray filling rate can be achieved by means of setting up the initial angle of its tilt from a reference level, which depends on the moisture content in the barley seeds used in the process of HGF production. This angle is 22 – 24 degrees for the dry barley seed with moisture content 10-14% and 25 – 27degrees for the barley seed with higher moisture content. The upper limit of moisture content in the seeds used in work process should be specified to achieve high quality of a final product. The barley seeds with moisture content 10-15% and the angles of tray tilt 23 – 25 degrees should be used during HGF production
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STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE IDEA OF STATE PATRIOTISM AT MARINE TUTORIAL INSTITUTIONS OF RUSSIA
DescriptionThe development of political, military and economic strength of the Russian Federation is impossible without the development of patriotism in the public areas of educational activities and patriotic work aimed at enhancing patriotic education of youth, including sea cadets’ universities. In this regard, some positive experience of great-power patriotic education of students and midshipmen of the epoch of Peter the Great and the whole period of the Russian Empire and the Soviet Union is of great interest for modern educational theory and practice, education modern fleet of youth in the spirit of selfless love for the Fatherland, its history and traditions. The author of this article starts from considering of patriotism to the state as a high sense of citizens’ love to their country, as well as awareness of their civil, professional and military duty in front of the government and its people. In the article, relying on domestic research and scientific publication we analyze the process of formation of sea education in Russia, as well as the genesis of the idea of patriotism and the state system of public-patriotic education of students of maritime educational institutions. It has been established that the state patriotism and state-patriotic education as a pedagogical problem at all times have presupposed the formation of the students on the basis of the patriotic ideal state-patriotic consciousness, outlook, position, state-patriotic behavior based on high patriotic feelings and beliefs. This area has always occupied a special place in the spiritual life of society, in pedagogical science and practice. The analysis allowed us setting specific stages of the development of the idea of patriotism, state-patriotism education in the maritime training institutions of Russia, as well as showing the real system of educational influence for each stage
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Description
The article analyzes intellectual methods of image comparison. We give a brief description of existing methods: metric, topological and stochastic designed to solve this problem, indicating their advantages and disadvantages. This method is based on comparing of images by means of separation of the given domain into segments and calculation of pixels having certain optical density. The illustration example is presented. A computer program was created to use this method. The value of the segment is given by the operator with following limits: more than 3 single pixels and less than half of chosen square of image. The program makes up a segmental matrix of the image, which is compared in some interval of time to the current matrix. This method is used for interval monitoring of objects from the same point of observation