№ 112(8), October, 2015
Public date: 30.10.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 151, 381 kb
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SMALL AGRO-BUSINESS IN THE IMPORT SUBSTITUTION CONDITIONS
DescriptionThe article deals with problems and possibilities in agriculture import substitution conditions and considers the significant role of small agrarian forms in this economy processes. The article notes that the main aim of import substitution is improving the competitiveness of domestic agricultural products through greater motivation of technological, modernization and innovation policy in production, through the development of new innovative, more competitive food products with higher consumer parameters. Practice shows that the most effective substitution is carried out in the agricultural sector and the food industry. The Krasnodar region has the most efficient developed agriculture production structure with the best natural and investment climate in the country, with enlarged of crop rotation fields, excessive and relatively low labor cost with the best experience in agricultural production. The author discusses about the detail problems of import substitution with participation of small businesses in the areas of grain production, sugar beet, about the difficulties in material and technical equipment, provision of seed and other problems. The problems of the financial component in large and small businesses specifically mentions, also in the field of cost management processing, pricing, formation of gross profit. The article emphasizes the importance of recovering the lost possibilities of breeding in animal husbandry, especially in pig and cattle. The most difficult situation is with lending, where the author recommends the reduction of rates for farmers in the short and medium term lending to the level of 3-5%. The author considers a changes in the mechanism of redistribution of public support in favor of livestock very important, where there are large risks, difficulties of long-term credits, problems of technological discipline observance and more
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Description
The article represents an author's look how character and sources of threats to national interests of Russia from the world financial market have changed in new geoeconomical and geopolitical conditions. The main objective of research is, on the one hand, justification of methodological approach to studying of influence of the world financial market on finance and economic system of the state. The second subtask is studying the new threats to national economy caused by the external economic and foreign policy instability. For achievement of the specified tasks authors investigated the scientific approaches to definition of "economic security" presented in works of the Russian and foreign scientists. It allowed to prove their own interpretation of this category, and to formulate why there are different approaches to definition of "economic security". The authors offer the system called "economic security – the financial market". It is presented in the form of the flowchart opening elements of this system. On a plan of authors, it has to serve as methodological basis when the analysis of character, the directions and extents of influence of changes of the world financial market on economic security of the state is carried out. As an illustration of this theoretical position, there is an assessment of external threats to Russia's national interests related to political events and economic transformation in 2014-2015
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OPTIMIZATION OF FEED RATIONS FOR FATTENING BULLS
DescriptionThe food supply has a great influence on the development of animal husbandry. It is its basis. Health of animals, quality and quantity of the made production are dependent not only on the amount of the prepared forages, but also to a greater extent on their quality and balance. The quality of the prepared forages has an impact on their consumption and digestibility. Therefore, the more qualitative the forages are, the higher the level of the productivity of animals is. High level of the organization of the balanced diets reduces costs of forages per unit of production by 1,5-2 times in comparison with unbalanced diets. This fact once again proves the importance and necessity of biologically full-fledged diet of feeding animals. The full-fledged diet should contain the optimal quantity of digestible protein, fodder units and other nutrients. Indeed, owing to full feeding, the productivity of animals increases and the body weight increases as well that, in turn, has a positive impact on the economic condition of the subject. However, rational use of forages requires determination of their quality and energetic and protein nutritiousness. To produce optimum diets in which all above-named criteria are considered, special programs for optimization of diets can be used that allow to provide animals with forages containing all the necessary nutrients at minimum expenses. These programs are based on the methods of linear programming, which lie in finding optimum plans for the problems with linear structure. For the solution of linear programming problems the simplex method is usually used which in a general view means that with the help of a complex of consecutive procedures the solution of a problem that meets an optimality condition is found. In this article, the problem of minimizing the cost of a diet for bulls will be solved with the use of the program named Optim V 2.0
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HISTORICAL APPROACH TO THE USE OF SAMPLING METHODS
DescriptionThe article describes the historical approach to the use of sampling, both in Russia and abroad. The above classification of the main stages in the development of the sampling method in science made it possible to determine the practical significance of the use of this method in the audit practice
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Description
Grain production is a major sector of agriculture. The article discusses the factors that influence the development of grain production in the Krasnodar region. These include favorable natural and climatic conditions, the need of the population in crop production, quality of organizational and technical activities and other agricultural enterprises. The current situation in the country is poor economic situation, including the importation of imported food, when agricultural companies require the search of internal reserves to increase production. The performed statistical analysis of the economic-yield crops helped to identify factors affecting the productivity of crops, material and technical base of agriculture, as well as the need to use chemicals used to fertilize soil. The article suggests ways to optimize the impact of economic factors on the yield of grain in the Krasnodar region. Consider the correlation and regression analysis to determine the relationship between the studied parameters and effective sign that clearly shows the evolution of the yield of crops
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USING GAME THEORY IN THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS
DescriptionThe article is devoted to the use of game theory in the educational process. Subject of research is the educational process. The authors have studied the game in normal form where participants are the teacher and the student of the university. Different treatment of the student and the teacher to pass the test are strategies of the players. Construction of a matrix is based on the base of sequence preference on multitude of outcomes. The solution of this task is implemented in two stages: formulation of the problem and solution. As an interim solution the authors considered the winnings of players 1 (the student) and 2 (the teacher). As a final solution is considered the situation satisfying both of players: player 1 (the student) and player 2 (the teacher). The results obtained in this research will help to find ways to improve the educational activity. The actuality of the research is explained with the fact that the institutions of the highest education are trying to participate actively in the development of personality of students nowadays. While effective teaching in the university, there is a paying more attention to this problem. Focusing on the forming of personality in the process of education makes the generation of an orientation mission of every student at the university one of the most important advances
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MODERN PROBLEMS OF ANIMAL HUSBANDRY OF THE KRASNODAR REGION: STATE AND SOLUTIONS
DescriptionThe Krasnodar region is a major producer and supplier of agricultural products. Livestock development in the Krasnodar region has been supported by the following factors: favorable climate, the intensive development of crop production, the need of the population in livestock production and others. Recently, however, there is a decline in livestock production, which is due to the influence of negative factors. Industry analysis showed the problems that hinder the development: high costs for the purchase of feed for livestock and poultry, low purchase price of products, pedigree cattle deficit, lack of foreign investment, low level of modernization of production. The development of the livestock industry of Krasnodar region must be associated with the use of optimal feed rations of cows, implementation of new methods of genetics and selection, implementation of strict accounting and control of livestock, improvement of livestock veterinary support. This will increase the milk production and improve the efficiency of the industry. The article provides the optimal parameters of the diet of cows, calculated by the authors and based on the use of methods of optimization and simulation. It is based on economic and mathematical model developed by the staff of the Department of Economic Cybernetics of Kuban State Agrarian University
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Description
This article is devoted to evaluation and analysis of basic trends, that revealing modern situation and current level of the development of social sphere in rural areas in the Krasnodar region. We have carried out a theoretical view to current problems in gasification, water supply, and development infrastructure objects in rural areas of the region. The authors have considered main attention is a social standards when developing targeted programs for the social development of rural areas. The article provides a specific list of normative values still indicators as the presence of a central gas supply, the central and the local water supply (hot and cold), the length of the street and objects known telephone. We have explained the mechanism of government regulations aimed at social infrastructure in rural areas of the Krasnodar region and the organization work of municipal institutions to protect and maintenance local roads. Based on the above authors’ suggestions, it is planned to achieve more definable and justifiable opinion in the implementation of municipal regulation social development rural areas designed on the basis targeted programs in the subject area. Actual and significant to readers are measures of gap consumer budget and the level of monetary income between urban and rural areas presented in the article
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DEVELOPMENT OF INDUSTRIAL DEMOCRACY IN THE CONTEXT OF MODERN MANAGEMENT
DescriptionThe article describes the characteristics of modern management and problems of formation of national corporate governance, adaptive requirements increase the innovative capacity of business entities. On the basis of generalization of foreign experience in the development of industrial democracy we have objectively justified the need for more active implementation of self government in intra-control mechanism as a key factor in the integration of the interests of the company and its employees, to increase their activity in innovation
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STATE REGULATION OF ORGANIC FARMING: CONDITION AND TENDENCIES OF ITS DEVELOPMENT IN RUSSIA
DescriptionOne of the important problems in the field of agriculture is soil contamination by pesticides due to excessive and unbalanced use of pesticides. The harmful effects of pesticides on the environment and human health is manifested in the contamination of water, soil, food, the development of chronic diseases and acute poisoning, malignant diseases, congenital malformations, infant mortality. An alternative to the use of chemical remedies are organic methods and techniques of cultivation of agricultural land. One of such technologies is the laser technology of cultivation of agricultural crops, the application of which makes it possible to not only produce organically clean, useful agricultural products, but also reduce the cost of crop production and increase their productivity. In the article, the Russian experience in the production of organic products, to analyze the market of organic agriculture and related infrastructure: the regulatory framework, the existing non-profit education, the legal framework, the system of environmental certification and standardization of organic agricultural products, support organic agricultural markets, as well as programs to promote organic producers products