№ 112(8), October, 2015
Public date: 30.10.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 151, 381 kb
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Description
We studied the effects of heavy metal pollution on soil phytotoxicity cities of the Rostov region. The research objects were the soils of urbolandscape towns: Taganrog, Novocherkassk, Gukovo, Shakhty, Azov. The study of the soil pollution with heavy metals was recorded in Gukovo, Shakhty, Taganrog. The degree of pollution of the studied cities form the following row: Gukovo > Shakhty > Taganrog > basics > Novocherkassk. The research was carried out in 2011-2015 at the Department of ecology and environmental Sciences of southern Federal University. In most cases, there was a direct correlation between pollutant concentration and the degree of deterioration of the studied soil properties. Used biological indicators are informative for monitoring of urban soils polluted with heavy metal. The degree of informativity of biological indicators form the following row: root length > germination >length of shoots. The results of the study can be used for monitoring and diagnosing the condition of contaminated soils, in the assessment of environmental impact, risk assessment of natural and synthetic disasters, the development of regional standards on the content of heavy metals in soil and in other environmental and industrial activities
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ABUSE OF RIGHT: CONCEPT, SIGNS, GENERAL CHARACTERISTICS
DescriptionThe article is devoted to one of the most disputable categories of jurisprudence – abuse of rights. Modern civil legislation contains many of the assessment law. Interpretation and specification of evaluative concepts is a challenging intellectual process. Abuse of right is a consequence of the process of interpretation of appraisal standards. The law does not allow the exercise of civil rights with the intent to harm another person, as well as abuse of rights in any form, including in the form of circumvention of the law. The author regards as the already known issues with the application of the principle of the inadmissibility of abuse of the right, so new in connection with the amendments to the Civil code of the Russian Federation. In particular the principle of good faith is investigated as a fundamental principle for civil rights. The article is devoted to the question on the essence and the legal nature of circumvention of the law, as well as the notion of circumvention of the law with unlawful purpose as a form of abuse of right. On the basis of the study presents the author's notion of circumvention of the right. The authors have made a conclusion that the correct interpretation of the categories of "subjective property law and protected by law interest" is the key to understanding the notion of abuse of right. The conscientiousness of participants of civil relations, as well as the intelligence is the proper limits of lawful behavior of the subject civil relationship, the breach of which allows detecting the signs of abuse of subjective civil law
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Description
Level analysis of law enforcement cooperation between private legal and public legal origins was conducted in the aspect of dual nature of dispositivity in court jurisdictional process. On the basis of legislation’s investigation it is found that the apprehension of dispositivity on doctrinal level as the principle of judicial process, restricted by private legal aspect, doesn’t correspond to its legal dual-nature. It is showed that cohesive perception of dispositivity in court jurisdictional process is possible under the condition of its binary perception based on investigation of its private legal and public legal origins, providing their harmonic unanimity in the framework of dualistic approach. It the article it has been stated that even under the conditions of court process’ parties’ interests’ contradiction their warrants may be realized only under their cooperation with each other, which needs court’s contribution in the providing of their rights’ realization on equal terms. It is educed by researches that the cooperation of private legal and public legal origins of dispositivity is conducted on two (horizontal and vertical) levels of their law enforcement connections. Herewith the coordination of court process’ parties between each other occurs on horizontal level of cooperation, while the subordination of parties’ collaboration with the court occurs on the vertical level. The analysis of procedural legislation has educed general regularities of private legal and public legal origins of dispositivity in court jurisdictional process for different types of judicial proceedings. These regularities are: the realization of private legal origin, represented by the parties, with the relevancy stipulates the demand for public legal origin of dispositivity, represented by the court; the realization of public legal origin of dispositivity, represented by the court, with the relevancy stipulates the demand for private legal origin of dispositivity, represented by the parties of judicial process
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Description
At calculations, we have used the next assumptions: 1. Not excluded systematic errors distributed with equal probability; 2. Random errors are normally distributed; 3. Total error is the composition of not excluded systematic and random errors. In calculating of measurement error of pressure, we proceeded from working formula. The confidence interval of each variable less than instrumental error, therefore, to characterize the total error of the measured value P, we use the instrumental errors of all variables. In estimating of temperature measurement error was consider the systematic and random error. To estimate random error we used measurement data of the specific volume of water on six isotherms. Obtained values were compared with published data. As an approximate estimate of the random error of our experimental data, we can take it as a total for all the isotherms of the specific volume in comparison with the published data. For studied fractions confidence limit of total error of measurement results located in the range of 0,03 ч 0,1%. At temperatures close to the critical increasing influence of errors of reference and the error associated with the introduction of corrections on the thermal expansion of the piezometer. In the two-phase area confidence limit of total error increases and located between 0,08 ч 0,15%. This is due to the sharp increase in this area of reference error of pressure and error in determining to the weight of the substance in the piezometer
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Description
The article deals with the post-war reshuffle of forces in the near Stalin’s enclosing, which ended with the largest repressive campaign of the late Stalinism. Shortly, after the war Stalin encouraged the competition in the system of the highest power, he goes to the formation of a new center of power and sets out the party and state appointments, so called "leningradcev." At the same time strengthening the position of A. Zhdanov, A. Kuznetsova, N.Voznesenskogo "the host" accompanies with a limited sphere of influence of G. Malenkov and L. Beria. During the 1946-1948, following with the favorite tactics of checks and balances, the leader does not carry the advantages of any parties. However, in summer of 1948 the interpersonal conflict between Stalin and Zhdanov was identified and the sudden death of the latter, destroyed the existing guide in the narrow balance of power, were the starting point for the beginning prosecution of "leningradcev" without guardianship. Using the suspicions and phobias of the leader, Malenkov and Beria were able to initiate the "Leningrad affair". The author thinks that if Zhdanov did not have a fatal cardiac infarction, he would be back to work in Moscow from the necessitous vocation, would stay in the membership of governing group and the bloody reprisals would be avoided
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CONTROLLING SMALL MOVEMENTS OF ULTRA PRECISE DC ELECTRIC DRIVE WITH ELASTIC SHAFTING
DescriptionControl of the movement and positioning are the most intensive tasks of automatic control and regulation. However, these problems must be solved in the automation objects such as assembly and production lines, manufacturing machines, conveyors, hoisting machines, packaging machines, filling lines for liquids, metal-working machines. One problem lies in the fact that all the real drives are connected to the actuators with not perfectly tough shafting, but has some elasticity. This leads to the difficulty of motion of the executive body of the drive automatic control systems which consists of signal source generating signal due optimum speed diagrams for small movements of electric drive’s actuating device and automatic regulation system, which allows to work out optimum speed diagrams for small movements of electric drive’s actuating device with ultra-precision. In this article were developed optimum speed diagram for small movements of ultra-precise electric drive with elastic shafting. Were have identified all parameters of diagrams and its range of existence and also developed a device for generating the optimum speed diagram for small movements of ultra-precise electric drive with elastic shafting. The implementation of the proposed hardware software complex will significantly improve the accuracy of motion actuators of various ultra- precise DC drives
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01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionIn various applications it is necessary to analyze some expert orderings, ie clustered rankings of examination objects. These areas include technical studies, ecology, management, economics, sociology, forecasting, etc. The objects may make samples of the products, technologies, mathematical models, projects, job applicants and others. We obtain clustered rankings which can be both with the help of experts and objective way, for example, by comparing the mathematical models with experimental data using a particular quality criterion. The method described in this article was developed in connection with the problems of chemical safety and environmental security of the biosphere. We propose a new method for constructing a clustered ranking which can be average (in the sense, discussed in this work) for all clustered rankings under our consideration. Then the contradictions between the individual initial rankings are contained within clusters average (coordinated) ranking. As a result, ordered clusters reflects the general opinion of the experts, more precisely, the total that is contained simultaneously in all the original rankings. Newly built clustered ranking is often called the matching (coordinated) ranking with respect to the original clustered rankings. The clusters are enclosed objects about which some of the initial rankings are contradictory. For these objects is necessary to conduct the new studies. These studies can be formal mathematics (calculation of the Kemeny median, orderings by means of the averages and medians of ranks, etc.) or these studies require involvement of new information from the relevant application area, it may be necessary conduct additional scientific research. In this article we introduce the necessary concepts and we formulate the new algorithm of construct the coordinated ranking for some cluster rankings in general terms, and its properties are discussed
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ENGINEERING SUPPORT PARADIGM OF SUBJECT-ORIENTED CONTROL TECHNOLOGIES
DescriptionThe article presents the basic antilogy, which is attributed to forming an engineering support paradigm of new technologies related to the subject-oriented control in the noosphere, between the demand for an automatical creative thinking of a control subject and the vigilance of society to possible adverse effects of its subjective activities. It is stated that the noosphere, which showed miracles of automation and cybernation, covers all types of human activities, excluding above original positions, which they barely touched. Uppermost it is related to the central economics problem (economy management) – the choice. The problem how to build an engineering support paradigm of subject-oriented control technologies is analyzed; it is based on the known subject-oriented control concept supplemented by concept-based models of the intuition mechanism, which assume its modeling based on formal systems with the purpose to automate control subjects mental activity. From the standpoint of Schopenhauer’s cognitive theory, a research method is developed to investigate evolution and becoming of a particular human category – engineers, which are responsible for the steady development of noosphere of Vernadsky. As a basis, a dynamic phylogenesis model of engineer’s figure was taken, including ready and effective vectors with parameters (education, intellect, skills) and (prevision, choice, emergence), respectively. The results of ontogenesis modeling are given – regularities in future engineers’ preparation as a platform for quantization and convolution of its levels based on modern mathematical methods, including those for support engineers of subjectoriented control technologies
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PRECONDITIONS AND FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF “MICRO-CLIMATE” MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
DescriptionThe article investigates the experience of implementing automated control systems, which indicates that at the system design phase, it is difficult to choose a single criterion of control. Therefore, in the control system it should be possible to quickly set the criterion during operation, and methods of assignment should clearly reflect the agronomic, economic and technical requirements for the system. Thus, modern control system should allow to define not only one of the above control criteria, or a combination, but any other arising in the production process, providing agronomist-technologist opportunities in choosing a method of maintaining temperature and humidity conditions in the greenhouse. Greenhouse is a fastpaced environment and the state largely depends on the intensity of sunlight, humidity, direction and wind speed, the number of fertilized soil and its humidity. Competent and correct management of these parameters is a complex task and involves certain costs, but in the end allows you to benefit many times greater than the costs. The developed system called "Microclimate" will have a positive effect on any hosted sites, as it allows to increase energy efficiency and reduce fuel costs for heating greenhouses, electricity, water
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THE VARIABILITY OF TAXUS BACCATA CYPRESS CONES AT POPULATION OF DAGESTAN
DescriptionIn the populations of Taxus baccata of Foothills and Inside Mountain Dagestan, we have studied intra- and interpopulation variability of morphological characters of yew berry. The article has a contribution of interpopulation differences in the feature of "diameter of funnel" with the highest rates in Buynaksk population and dependency of the form of yew berry from this feature. According to the results of discriminant analysis, we have revealed a distinction in populations on this basis, although the classification matrix has not given 100% of the forecast for any of them. It is found, that the seeds of Khunzah population have relatively large dimensions and yew berry has more flattened shape compared to piedmont populations, while the differences in populations based on seeds are more pronounced than based on yew berry at low volatility of the characteristics of the first indicators. It is shown, that the characteristics of seeds and yew berry of Khunzakh population indicate the presence of certain genetic differences between populations inside mountain and foothills, and that the higher dissemination activity of first population is aimed at self-preservation, due to the less favorable conditions for the species. It is expected that the low variability of the average values for yew berries of cypress characteristics indicates the stability of the soil and climatic conditions of its habitats