№ 112(8), October, 2015
Public date: 30.10.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 151, 381 kb
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HISTORY OF THE DONETS RIDGE PETROPHYTIC VEGETATION STUDY (A REVIEW ARTICLE)
DescriptionThe article reveals historical aspect of the Donets Ridge petrophytic vegetation study. The stages of formation of concepts and terms in the typology of vegetation of the rocky outcrops of the steppe zone
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CHANGES IN BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF BROWN FOREST SOILS UNDER AGRICULTURAL USE
DescriptionAgricultural use leads to a significant transformation of soils. The first to use the soil for cultivation react most sensitive biological indicators. The purpose of the study - to establish the effect of using the brown forest soils for planting apple orchards for their biological activity, in particular on the humus content, enzyme activity (catalase and dehydrogenase). For the control, we have selected forest area adjacent to arable land. Because of violations of the natural vegetation, there are changes in hydrothermal conditions of the soil. Humidity soil plowed off under forest, while temperatures gets considerably higher. Plowing, compared with the control, revealed significant loss of humus (50%) in the upper most disturbed horizons. In the lower horizons of the values of this index were quite low (1.5%) on all sections of the test. The decline in humus content, as well as overheating and draining soil tillage results in a change of enzymatic activity not only in the surface layers, but also in the whole profile. Due to the movement of the most favorable hydrothermal conditions in the underlying horizons, an increase of enzyme activity over control values in the deeper layers of the soil. The article shows a possibility of the use of biological indicators as indicators of changes in the brown forest soils as a result of agricultural use
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Description
The article represents the author's view on the issue of formation of innovative environment in the oil and gas industry through clustering. The main task of the author is, on the one hand, clusters’ role justification in optimization of organizational structure of regional fuel and energy complex. On the other hand, it is a justification of the state's functions in ensuring the intensification of innovation. To solve this complex problem the author explores the approaches to the definition of "cluster", adapting existing theories to clustering of the regional to the oil and gas sector. There are the structural-logic "Competitive diamond" Russian oil cluster "and" Competitive diamond "oil cluster Russia." The author 'classification of innovations in the energy sector is developed. The question of revitalization of the state’s efforts to build a favorable innovation environment was considered based on several logical promises. The first, public policy objectives to stimulate investment in innovation are substantiated. Second, we studied directions of transformation of the global energy market and their impact on the economic security of Russia as oil exporters. Separately, the emphasis is placed on fiscal policy in the energy sector
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SIMULATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES CHARACTERISTICS IN MATLAB/SIMULINK
DescriptionThe necessity of an exact determination of their parameters and characteristics appear in the connection with the extension of the sphere of application of solar photovoltaic modules in some cases. It is reasonable to use the method of computer modeling for the analysis of characteristics of specific solar modules at different levels of illumination and values of temperature. In the article there was presented the order of working out of a simulation model of photovoltaic modules in the medium Matlab/Simulink. The simulation model is based on the basis of pentaparametric analytical model of the volt-ampere characteristics of a solar cell. The worked out model allows to research the volt-ampere and volt-watt characteristics of solar modules in dependence on levels of intensity of solar radiation, temperature, values of short-circuit current, tension of single step, internal resistances of solar elements and a diode parameter as well. The discrepancy of data of results of modeling with technical characteristics does not exceed 7%
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Description
Large agricultural load on the steppe landscapes leads to the transformation of ecosystems and effect on all their components. Transformation of lands into laylands leads to a gradual restoration of anthropogenically disturbed steppe ecosystems. Studies that focus on the research of comprehensive processes in the territory of laylands are extremely relevant today. Herpetobiont fauna is one of the important characteristics of ecology and biology of soils. Herpetobiont Coleoptera can serve as indicators in the study of processes occurring in postagrogenic soils.The article presents the results of the study of changes in mesofauna, composition and structure of complexes of the gerpetobiont Coleoptera of ordinary black soils in natural succession series of different-age laylands. We also evaluated the degree of faunistic similarity of plots of laylands and allocated dominant species. Carabidae and Tenebrionidae are the basis of complex Coleoptera in the investigated laylands. The article shows that such indicators as the number of individuals, species, families of beetles and their dynamic density are depended on the age of the layland. In addition, the indices of biodiversity (Margalef and Shannon) and dominance (Simpson) are also connected with the age of plots of laylands
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SMALL-LEAVED LIME (TILIA CORDATA) CULTIVATION IN THE OMSK REGION SOUTH FOREST-STEPPE CONDITIONS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionSmall-leaved lime (Tília cordata) is wonderful species of trees, producing honey. This tree species is not cultivated in forest tree nurseries of Head forestry department of the Omsk region for the purpose of an artificial reproduction. Small-leaved lime grows wild in Bolshyi Uki, Ust-Ishym and Tevris areas. This forest is the basis for a honey production. Small-leaved lime occupies a very small area, which equals 1,5 ha. Natural reproduction of small-leaved lime in the Omsk Pryirtysh district is a reliquiae. Questions of reproduction of small-leaved lime have not been studied yet. Shoots cloning of small-leaved lime has an important practical value for areas of natural reproduction. A technology of seed reproduction has not been developed for the Omsk region. Complexity of the matter is in the existence of a long and deep physiological quiescent period of small-leaved lime seeds. Experimental facts of small-leaved lime seed reproduction has been described in this article. Results of measuring of height and root neck diameter of oneand two-year old plants have been shown. The influence of putting young plants in the shadow on their growth and development has been evaluated. It has been shown that seedlings received from small-leaved lime growing in the Оmsk State Agrarian University Dendrology Park have large variation in the growth and development parameters and the fact of casting shadows on the plants truly affects the height of oneand same as two-year old samples
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Description
The development of information and communication technologies of the socio-political sphere acquires new quality and presentation and implementation of political action from the federal level to the municipalities. In this connection it is necessary to consider and to conceptualize the notion of "network of local politics", highlight it institutionalized (eg, local government) and non institutionalized actors (such as local community network), describe their communication channels, and methods and tools used. All this will help to build a theoretical model of the "network of local politics" allows analyzing social and political processes at the municipal level. The need for this kind of analysis is connected with the diversification of the local authorities in various regions of Russia and uneven socio-economic development of regions due to various socio-cultural characteristics, geographical and other contexts
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MECHANICAL GRINDING OF SOLID POWDER MATERIALS
DescriptionThe article is dedicated to the determination of conditions for solid bodies’ fragmentation, providing minimal size of particles by means of their mechanical dispersion through the example of powders of titanium carbide (TiC), cubic boron nitride – borazon (CBN) and boron carbide (B4C). The theoretical and practical aspects of the process of mechanical fragmentation of particles of solid powder materials in ball mill for their further utilization in furnace charge for high-speed gas-flame sputtering of wear-resistant composite materials are examined in the article. Methods of preliminary calculation of minimum allowable size of solid particles of powder materials during mechanical fragmentation, based upon Griffiths’ mechanical theory of rapture using experimental data for hardness of material and its yield are proposed and theoretically substantiated. There we have the results of experiments on mechanical fragmentation of titanium carbide in attritor, boron carbide and cubic boron nitride in centrifugal planetary mill, confirming correctness of theoretical propositions and calculations are set out. Recommendations on mechanical fragmentation of solid powder materials in ball mills are formulated as well
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PARTICULAR ISSUES OF LEGAL REGULATION OF HOUSING COOPERATIVES MEMBERS RIGHTS
DescriptionThe authors analyze the question of the legal problems of protection of the rights of members of housing co-operative. The article shows the history of the development of this institution in the Russian Federation and its status. Of interest is the historical analysis of the legal institution, as well as the issue of protecting the rights of members of housing cooperatives throughout the history of their existence in our country. The author concludes that there is a need to improve existing legislation on housing cooperatives. In particular, the authors propose amendments to the Housing Code of the Russian Federation and other federal laws governing these legal relationships. The article provides the change of certain provisions of existing legislation that would allow better quality approach to the protection of the rights of members of housing co-operatives, as well as their regulation in general. As well, the authors indicated some legal problems that occur in practice arising from members of housing co-operative in their defense. The analysis of the legal practice of various courts of the Russian Federation has been carried out. Following consideration of the practical problems has been offered for both theoretical and practical ways to address them in order to prevent violations of the rights of members of housing cooperatives in the future
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THE DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM INDUSTRY IN THE KRASNODAR REGION IN THE POST-OLYMPIC PERIOD
DescriptionThe article is devoted to the contemporary development of the tourism industry in the Krasnodar region in the post-Olympic period. We have considered main directions of improving the attractiveness of tourism sector for foreign tourists. There were found the advantages of the touristrecreational base of the Krasnodar region, providing its tourist potential. Sanatorium, resort and tourist complex of the Krasnodar region line with the priorities of social-economic development of Russia and determines the special status of the region in the economy of the country. We have analyzed the dynamics of entry of foreign nationals for the purpose of tourism. There were identified the country with the highest tourist arrivals. We have studied the regulatory-legal framework, regulating tourist activity in the region and considered one of the ways of state regulation of the tourism industry by conducting classification of hotels and other accommodation facilities. The main economic effect from the introduction of a system of classification of hotels is to improve the quality of service, competitiveness and legalization of small accommodation facilities. It emphasizes the uniqueness of Sochi city as a key tourist destination for international tourism promotion not only in the region but also in the country. It presents an overview of the modern state and use of the sports of the Olympic Games, the infrastructure of Sochi, identified tools for promoting inbound tourism. Despite the positive results achieved in the development of the tourism industry in the Krasnodar region, it is necessary to solve a number of tasks to increase the attractiveness of tourism in the region. Thus, the priorities should include: creation of a competitive tourism product, leveling the seasonality factor and provide year-round operation of sports facilities and other infrastructure of Sochi in the postOlympic period