№ 112(8), October, 2015
Public date: 30.10.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 151, 381 kb
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IMPROVING THE PHOTOELECTRON SEPARATOR WHEN SEPARATING SUNFLOWER SEEDS
DescriptionTraditional processing technology of piles of sunflower seeds in agriculture requires consecutive through the whole set seed-cleaning machines installed in seed-cleaning complex or aggregate, for each stage of which are organic impurity, broken seeds, shriveled and milled seeds. The seeds of the main culture are subjected to long-time effects of the working bodies, leading to their injury and the necessity of manning the production line machines the same performance that is not rational. One of the ways to enhance the process of separating the seed material in seed-cleaning complex is its fractionation by applying photoelectron separator at the final stage of seed treatment. Qualitative performance of photoelectron separator on fractional technology showed that the purity of the seeds varied from 99.80 up to 99.98% depending on their size Ø7–Ø8 mm Ø8–Ø9 mm, respectively. The content of seeds of the main culture in the waste ranged from 65.60 % (fraction Ø7–Ø8 mm) to 68.83 % (fraction Ø8–Ø9мм). The weight of 1000 seeds ranged from 117 g (fraction Ø7–Ø8 mm) to 146 g (fraction Ø8–Ø9мм). Seeds obtained in fractions and existing technology (without fractionation) meet the requirements of GOST. The output of treated seeds in the fractionation varied from 93.20 % (fraction Ø7–Ø8 mm) to 92,90 % (fraction Ø8–Ø9 mm). Comparative tests of photoelectron separator F 5.1 in seed-cleaning complex by the division of sunflower seeds on the existing and fraction technology showed that in the photoelectron separator it is necessary to use fractional technology. So, as it allows reducing the content in waste of seeds of the main culture and increase the qualities of seeds depending on their size fractions
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A CENTRIFUGAL DEVICE WITH SUPPLY OF MATERIAL ALONG SHOVELS
DescriptionIntroduction of mineral fertilizers is performed by centrifugal devices. By quantity of disks, centrifugal devices distinguish one disk and two-disk. On the volume of capacities for storage of mineral fertilizers distinguish bunker and body. Bunker contains volume from 0.5 to 1.5m3. Body has capacity more 2m3. Advantages of bunker centrifugal devices are noted. Material from the bunker moves on a centrifugal disk perpendicular to the rotation plane. At the time of material capture by shovels, crushing of particles and their reflection from shovels and the plane of a disk takes place. It leads to increase in unevenness of introduction of mineral fertilizers. At EMTP chair of the Kuban GAU the centrifugal device with supply of material along shovels is developed. The scheme of the centrifugal device is submitted. A device for introduction of mineral fertilizers contains the one-disk centrifugal device, the cone-shaped bunker and the cylindrical batcher. The batcher gate regulates supply of material on a disk. The technique of determination of design and technological data of the developed design is presented. The place of supply of material on a disk is regulated by rotation of the batcher round a vertical axis. The norm of supply of material on a disk changes the batcher gate. Preliminary control of a place of giving is made on model material with coefficient of friction of f 1. Under production conditions, turn of the batcher from initial situation is made depending on coefficient of friction of the f2 fertilizers. At f1 ˃ f2 turn of the batcher against the direction of rotation of a disk, and at f1 ≤ f2 turn of the batcher in the direction of rotation of a disk
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ELECTRO PHYSICAL METHODS AND DEVICES OF ELECTRO TECHNOLOGICAL FARM COMPLEX IN THE KUBAN REGION
DescriptionThe absence of theoretical bases for interaction of the magnetic field and cellular mechanism, the lack of an effective way to determining the results of this action has led to the creation of a large number of machines and devices of electromagnetic influence on biological objects of vegetable and animal origin. Many of them are contain special generators and inductors developed for a specific type of object. By means of these constructions, used in electro technological processes at agricultural companies of the Kuban region, we increase productivity of different crops, increase productivity of animals and poultry, change the physical and chemical properties of liquids and solutions, conducted in boiler water preparation. A distinctive feature of the electromagnetic field processing of objects of biological origin is sufficiently high efficiency of outcomes at insignificant energy costs. All this foreshadows further improve the long-term development and research in this area. By analyzing the existing devices, it can be concluded, that all of presently available designs for electromagnetic treatment are classified by a common attribute - a method for creating a magnetic field. The lack of reliable, logically complete theory of influence of electromagnetic influence on biological systems agricultural purpose and the availability of practical recommendations when to use inductors working on constant, and when the AC has led to the fact that to obtain the necessary effect, share the same devices have become connected to various sources of supply
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SIMULATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC MODULES CHARACTERISTICS IN MATLAB/SIMULINK
DescriptionThe necessity of an exact determination of their parameters and characteristics appear in the connection with the extension of the sphere of application of solar photovoltaic modules in some cases. It is reasonable to use the method of computer modeling for the analysis of characteristics of specific solar modules at different levels of illumination and values of temperature. In the article there was presented the order of working out of a simulation model of photovoltaic modules in the medium Matlab/Simulink. The simulation model is based on the basis of pentaparametric analytical model of the volt-ampere characteristics of a solar cell. The worked out model allows to research the volt-ampere and volt-watt characteristics of solar modules in dependence on levels of intensity of solar radiation, temperature, values of short-circuit current, tension of single step, internal resistances of solar elements and a diode parameter as well. The discrepancy of data of results of modeling with technical characteristics does not exceed 7%
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EXPERIMENTAL TWO-FACTOR OPTIMIZATION OF PARAMETERS OF THE UNIVERSAL SOIL-PROCESSING INSTRUMENT
DescriptionThe article considers the problem of reforestation on of processing stations, such as coupe, gully and mountain slopes. To improve the efficiency of the planting work proposed a construction of universal soil-processing instrument (USPI), is able to form discrete planting spot in the form of spot mounding in conditions temporarily humid soil or spot area (with removal of the top layer) on drained soils with simultaneous formation of planting cup for planting of forest plantation. For assessing effectiveness of his work, there was developed an experimental sample of the USPI and conducted its field trials. During the two-factor solution of the problem of optimization of the performance of the USPI there were selected optimization criteria, namely performance, quality and economic feasibility of work instrument, as well as the varied parameters exerting the most influence. To detection the analytical dependences between these parameters, we have performed a series of nine experiments, performed the approximation of functions by polynomials of second order. The result was obtained analytical formulas characterizing the influence of the varied parameters of the USPI on the quality of his work. Also, we have found graphical surfaces response and performed a visual analysis , which allowed determining the optimal values of the varied parameters of the USPI
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PRECONDITIONS AND FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF “MICRO-CLIMATE” MANAGEMENT INFORMATION SYSTEM
DescriptionThe article investigates the experience of implementing automated control systems, which indicates that at the system design phase, it is difficult to choose a single criterion of control. Therefore, in the control system it should be possible to quickly set the criterion during operation, and methods of assignment should clearly reflect the agronomic, economic and technical requirements for the system. Thus, modern control system should allow to define not only one of the above control criteria, or a combination, but any other arising in the production process, providing agronomist-technologist opportunities in choosing a method of maintaining temperature and humidity conditions in the greenhouse. Greenhouse is a fastpaced environment and the state largely depends on the intensity of sunlight, humidity, direction and wind speed, the number of fertilized soil and its humidity. Competent and correct management of these parameters is a complex task and involves certain costs, but in the end allows you to benefit many times greater than the costs. The developed system called "Microclimate" will have a positive effect on any hosted sites, as it allows to increase energy efficiency and reduce fuel costs for heating greenhouses, electricity, water
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Description
The article considers prerequisites for the development of complex software and tools for data analysis, modeling, forecasting and management decision making in the management of IT-projects. System of decision support can facilitate the work of heads of enterprises and increase its efficiency. They significantly accelerate the solution of problems in business. In the organization, there is a software complex, which suggests that the transmission of information about incoming orders and deadlines for every Department and information on the implementation of the orders of the head is performed via the software package. Using software system, the client leaves a request for the execution of services. The Manager sends a request to the appropriate Department. Units, in turn, convey information about the status of the application via the software package. The software package provides fast remote bilateral communication in electronic form between the client and Manager and between Manager and the departments. In a company, the head and head of sector perform the coordination of work in implementation of IT projects. However, there are a number of human factors that make people cannot keep track of the timely execution of all requests from subordinates
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Description
The purpose of research – the development of models and methods of multiparametrical diagnostic the research activities of scientific and pedagogical collectives of educational institutions. The problematics of research is improving the quality and productivity (the efficiency) of research activities in educational institutions. The problem of research is the question of how to objectively and comprehensively (in a complex) diagnose the research activities of scientific and pedagogical collectives? The urgency of solving specified problem is caused by the need to ensuring a close relationship between research, methodological and educational activities in educational institutions. We have also to consider the increasing role of clusters in the Russian economy, cooperation and integration levels (steps) a system of continuous education, etc. The authors identified the parameters reflecting significance of research activities of the scientific and the pedagogical collectives for the scientific and educational community (social megaenvironmental). When allocating indicators the authors took into account that science - the social and cultural phenomenon and the social institution, and the most important aspect of the significance of the research activity - in the innovative development of various spheres of human activity. The applied methods of research: mathematical modeling; methods of the theory of graphs, sets and relations; methods of "artificial intelligence" and the multi-parameter analysis of systems; methods of quality control (theory of latent variables). Methodological bases of research: systemic, cultural, competence, metasystem, sociological, qualimetric and synergetic approaches
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ANALYTICAL RESEARCH OF THE MOVEMENT OF COMPONENTS OF FORAGES IN RELATIVE SCREW DRUMS
DescriptionThe article presents the results of the analytical research of the movement of components of forages in screw drums on the example of relative reels of Rts7.1.A and Rts5.1a having the next feature: on the perimeter, we have obviously expressed conditionally cylindrical screw lines formed. The carried-out analysis of the movement of particles of components of forages in relative screw drums and the executed review of mathematical models in relation to the movement of components of forages in relative screw drums, including a model of a continuous stream of particles of components of forages, a model of power balance of the movement of a continuous stream of particles of components of forages, a model of the movement of components of forages as a material point has been shown. Analytical dependences for determination of longitudinal speed of movement of components of forages and the length of a relative screw drum are presented. The article examines specified settlement models of the movement of components of forages in relative screw drums
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
LANDSCAPING THE CITY OF MAKHACHKALA WITH VARIOUS PLANTS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe total area of green spaces in the capital of Dagestan now stands at 3003.5 hectare, and in the mid-1960s - 186 hectares. Green areas of common use per capita in 2015 compared to 1960 has decreased dramatically and amounted to 3.6%, which is only 1.0% of the norm. The race of landscape construction of the city far behind the race of construction of residential and office sectors, and the existing green spaces either in quantity or quality does not matches the sanitary and aesthetic requirements, in addition there is a low level of artistic and architectural planning of green space. We have also described the questions of the history of the garden and the park building in Makhachkala and meticulously analyzed the rock-species (species, forms, varieties) of the composition of green space. We have marked the evaluation of their condition. Despite the great diversity of species composition (281 kind of woody plants, including 60 species of gymnosperms and angiosperms 221 views), we have noticed that almost everywhere there was cultivated only a small part of them. This is despite the fact, that the Republic of Dagestan has a rich species diversity of local flora, which can be effectively used in landscaping. Here, too, there are favorable climatic conditions for the introduction of new species. It should be noted that the private sector can be traced as having the opposite trend. Some recommendations have been given to improve the structure and condition of the trees and bushes planted in the city. Finally, we have shown the necessity of linking the production of green building works with the scientific activities of specialized education and research institutions in the city