№ 123(9), November, 2016
Public date: 30.11.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 141, 382 kb
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JUSTIFICATION OF RATIONAL USE OF VIBRATING TOOLS FOR SOIL CULTIVATION
Description
From a review of the literary sources it is revealed that the existing vibration exciters are classified into mechanical, electrical, hydraulic and pneumatic. One of the most promising areas of development and use of sources of vibrations for tillage tools are electrical exciters of mechanical vibrations namely solenoid with a metal core inside. Based on the analysis of existing technical means for soil cultivation we are proposed a new technical mean of vibration exposure for tilting the soil without or before ploughing. Theoretical regularities of change of draft resistance depending on the vibration amplitude and the mass of the vibration exciter were received in the studies. A structurally - technological scheme of the combined tillage combine with electric vibration exciter and a device for automatic regulation of the technological process of the work of tillage machine was developed. The proposed vibration tool will supposedly reduce the soil resistance force acting on the working bodies, which will reduce energy costs up to 20% for the technology process of soil cultivation; harmful emissions from the combustion of diesel fuel into the atmosphere were reduced. The proposed technical mean can be used for soil cultivation in different soil fertility under different soil density
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Description
In the study of the processes of growing, harvesting, post-harvesting processing and delivery of fruit and vegetables it seems to be rational to have generalized control of the "product – environment – packaging – transport - storage" in general, as well as providing the possibility of creating optimal conditions for fruit and vegetable products depending on its condition. The basis of ensuring product integrity at all stages of production is a system approach with application of modern information technologies. Optimization of logistic processes in the agro-industrial complex (AIC), in addition to cost, market influences many important indicators of the final product of this complex: quality, timing and reliability of supply, the size of the delivered batches, etc. The quality of fruits and vegetables begins to change dramatically immediately after harvesting. Being in a stressful and unfavorable conditions, fruit, vegetables, root crops intensively lose moisture and consume nutrients, secrete aromatic substances, carry out the breathing process. These losses are caused by biological factors fit fruit and vegetable products to the changed conditions. Thus, the main indicators of the quality of products to control rationally in the process of harvesting and subsequent production phases take into account the data obtained to optimize process parameters to reduce losses and damage products. The article discusses the prospects of applying the system-information approach to the formation of quality of fruits and vegetables during transportation and storage. The proposed embodiment of a generalized control of the "product – environment – packaging – transport - storage", aimed at ensuring the possibility of creating optimal conditions for easy-to-sell agricultural products (fruits, vegetables, root crops) depending on its condition. We have established that rational technology of production and sales of products must have the ability to control and operational adjustments depending on the level of quality input products from the stage of harvest
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TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF GEARLESS ELECTRIC DRIVES WITH LINEAR INDUCTION MOTORS
Description
In the article we consider questions of use of gearless electric drives with the linear asynchronous engines. Constructions of engines, their features and the principle of action in the electric drives of difficult oscillating motion executed on system the frequency converter – the asynchronous engine, deprived of shortcomings inherent in geared electric drives are described. Recommendations for a choice of an optimal variant of the drive of a working organ of the technological machine which is carried out on the basis of determination of value of the gained technical and economic effect are made. Methods of technical and economic project evaluation are offered: a method of a maximum of economic effect and a method of a minimum of the given expenses, their assessment is given. On the example of the grain-cleaning machine Petkus K531A and the roller-deck machine SGR-400 determination of technical and economic effect is made and an economic assessment of upgrade is given. The conclusion is drawn on validity of use of gearless electric drives from linear asynchronous engines in a technology equipment of agrarian and industrial complex due to lowering of energy capacity of technological processes because of an exception of gears and transformers of a type of movement; in some cases increase in an output of the final product due to increase in efficiency of technological process is watched; implementation of difficult oscillating motion allows to look at execution of a row of technological operations with development of new technological machines in a new way
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OPTIMIZATION OF OPERATION AT THE FOUR HARROW
Description
Disc tools are designed for the surface treatment of the soil, as well as for loosening and preparing the soil for planting, weed control and grinding residue, for seedbed preparation without preliminary plowing in the system of minimum tillage technology and after thick stem row crops harvesting. It implements a disk type implements include a disc mounted on the individual rack. Classical instruments of this type are made with a rigid stand mounting the cutter body to the frame. In the classical working body attachment scheme has a number of disadvantages. One of them is the lack of a safety element. The proposed version of the working body of the fastening using a spring strut has the following advantages. When zooming in on the disc obstacles (dense soil, bump, pit, stone), flexible disk drives backward, up, down or to the side (left, right) by the spring property (elasticity) of the curved rack. This design reduces the shock load on the bearing assembly, wherein the disc is returned to the original position by passing earth and crop residues without blockage. The purpose of structural changes was to reduce the energy intensity of the surface treatment process of the soil while improving reliability
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Description
In the article we have reflected a relationship between the parameters of the research activities of scientific and pedagogical collectives and the characteristics of the educational environment in higher education. It is known that the research activities of scientific and pedagogical workers and teams - an integral part functioning of the higher education institution (and improving its efficiency is one of the most important problems). The authors proved that parameters reflecting research activity of scientific and pedagogical higher education of institution employees characterize the aspects of the educational environment as its latitude, intensity, social activity, coherence, mobility, stability, reliability and efficiency. It is caused by the fact that the research activities of scientific and pedagogical workers - a multifaceted social and cultural phenomenon. The idea of the diagnosis of the educational environment of a higher educational institution and its structural units, based on an assessment of scientometric indicators (criteria for research productivity), can be completely suitable for international and Russian requirements: the well-known Shanghai procedure shifts the emphasis on the evaluation of various aspects of the research activities in higher education; serious attention to assessing the research activity focuses and Russian technique diagnostic efficiency of higher education institutions. This is logical and soundly: if the educational environment of a higher educational institution is not a center of science, then it cannot have effectively and competitive graduates, because Research and pedagogical staff - the governing factor in the educational process. Based on previously developed models of research activities in scientific and pedagogical collectives, as well as on generally accepted models of educational environments, the authors have proposed a method for the diagnosis of the educational environment, based on an assessment of scientometric indicators - parameters reflecting the impact of the research activities of scientific and pedagogical workers. Obtained results may be the theoretical basis for further scientific understanding of the problem of increasing the productivity of research activities in higher education, as well as problems - increasing the competitiveness of educational environments. The practical significance of the results of this study - the possibility of their use in the system of socio-pedagogical monitoring - monitoring of productivity the research activities and effectiveness of educational environments. Methods of investigation: modeling, methods of the theory of sets and relations, methods of probability theory and mathematical statistics, methods of the theory of limits, methods of linear algebra and analytic geometry, multi-parameter analysis of the systems and methods of quality control (latent variables theory). Methodological bases of research: a systematic, metasystem, qualimetric, sociological and probabilistic and statistical approaches
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DATA PROTECTION IN PUBLIC WI-FI NETWORKS
Description
While shopping, everyone is at risk of processing, use, and, as a consequence, dissemination of their personal data. We pay with a credit card, sometimes leaving our contact information, making the discount card and subscribing to various events, connecting and using a public Wi-Fi network in places where it is provided. Even our chaotic movement through the Mall is monitored, with the aim of creating logistics customer flow. Here, to help managers and executives of shopping centers, high technologies come. The companies already go beyond standard video recording devices and sensors invoice on the front door, letting your eyes for our phones. At the moment some companies are implementing monitoring smartphones using a Wi-Fi signal. This service will allow you to track the attendance of site, conversion of the people who pass by the object and its visitors, distribution of visitors for the facility, directions to consider regular and new visitors, the amount of time that visitors spend in the shopping center, but also to determine the hours of flows and downs of attendance during the day, in other words, to build a complete statistical report
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OPTIMIZATION OF THE ENERGY CHARACTERISTICS OF A CHILLER WITH COLD ACCUMULATOR IN TROPICAL CLIMATE
Description
There is always an abrupt variable schedule of cooling consumption in processing enterprises with seasonal supply of raw materials. This causes peak heat load on the refrigeration unit. The introduction of cold accumulators (CA) in refrigeration units is one of the modern ways of reducing the cost of refrigeration. The use of cold accumulators allows you to smooth out uneven thermal load on refrigeration, reduce the cooling capacity of the installed equipment and technical equipment. The night season experiences minimum heat leakage and power consumption of frozen ice water (coolant or refrigerant) but the refrigeration capacity is used during the daytime at peak heat load of cold consumption at peak electricity consumption. The major cost of electricity to generate refrigeration to compensate for heat loss coincides with the period of high electricity tariffs as shown from the analysis of cold consumption. The development of refrigeration systems with cold accumulation in “night” period of low electricity tariffs is an important issue based on the forgoing
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MODELS OF VENTILATION OF THE SUBSTRATE WITH THE COMPOSTING
Description
In the article we consider the questions of modeling of temperature changes in the composting process, the changes of oxygen concentration and temperature with the air from the environment, produced the effect of composting heat exchange mass with the environment, the selected state variables and the control bioreactor, the dependence of the coefficients of the system equations of motion from the variable state of the object. This article was prepared in the framework of the scientific project 16-48-230441 a(R) "Mathematical modeling of the processes occurring in the automated installation for year-round production of organic fertilizers in the conditions of the Krasnodar region", financed by RFBR and the administration of the Krasnodar region
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Description
The article presents the results of studies on the preparation of inflorescences of sunflower for production of food pectin extract. The authors study the influence of enzyme preparations on the organoleptic and physical and chemical parameters of hydropectin and the optimum parameters of enzymatic treatment, such as concentration of the used enzyme preparations, temperature and duration of treatment
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Description
The development of agro-industrial integration is an objective economic process involving, on the one hand, with the social division of labor and specialization, on the other - with the necessity of interaction between specialized sectors and modes of agricultural production. Agrarian enterprises come into this unification movement, seeking to reduce the risk, the occurrence of which is associated with the production depends on climatic conditions, natural agricultural products market, the dictates of the processing enterprises, the need to improve the competitiveness of production. Processing and service companies are also seeking to secure a stable income thanks to the raw material base, better use of raw materials, improving the quality of its products, decreasing the price and conquering markets. In most cases, the object is to integrate agriculture, and direct or indirect initiators often are non-agricultural plants and firms that concentrate the bulk of production and sales of AIC final product. As a result, the concentration of production results in savings on its scale, so-called technical-technological economy. Increased production expands beyond the optimal use of machinery and equipment. The more spread out are agricultural producers, so it is more difficult to realize their interests for scaling up. In the Russian practice we have developed a variety of organizational forms of integration differ in the nature of economic relations between the parties, the degree of independence of members of the business combination, the combination of centralization and decentralization. Conventionally, they are divided into associative - "soft" and corporate - "hard". By "soft" forms of association include associations, unions, non-profit partnership and a strategic alliance. They can function effectively at the interregional level. Hard type of integration ties characteristic of plants, corporations, trusts, holding companies. Agricultural credit consumer cooperatives (ACCC) is a voluntary association of individuals and legal entities residing or conducting their business activities in certain rural areas, on the basis of membership and monetary union shares in order to meet the needs of the members in the credit and other banking services
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