№ 126(2), February, 2017
Public date: 28.02.2017
Archive of journal: Articles count 63, 153 kb
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10.00.00 Philological sciences
DescriptionThis article is dedicated to the specialties of formation, consolidation and use of written speech at English classes in a non-linguistic university. The main aspects of writing are determined which imply spelling, written speech, business letter writing skills and translation. Special tasks directed to perfection of every component are worked out for non-linguistic students. All these aspects make the process of studying the English language more effective, motivated, and the consolidation of the communicative competence more efficient
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Description
The role of transport in agricultural production is significant. It is the connecting link in the technological chain of the agro-industrial complex (of the APC). On-farm transport in the APC together with cars and tractor transport are widely used. The rationality of the use of wheeled tractors for farm transport substantiates the possibility of their movement on asphalt and on dirt roads. The specific gravity of the tractor transport in the domestic agriculture is 22-27% of the total volume of transport and 50-60% of the volume of farm traffic. A high level of use of tractor transport has been observed in the countries of Western Europe and the USA. In the farms of leading countries of Western Europe (Germany, Italy, France, etc.) about 70- 90% on-farm transport of agricultural goods is done by tractor transport. Tractor transport in a live environment is running on roads with varying terrain, a wavy profile cover, on soils with different hardness and humidity. When driving vehicles at high speeds, the trailer is wobbling from side to side, constantly accompanying tractor transport during its operation. As a result, it is bad for propulsion, transmission, and it deteriorates the dynamic performance properties of equipment, working conditions of the operator. To reduce the amplitude of oscillations of the trailer, the operator is forced to work strenuously with the steering wheel or to slow down the speed, which in turn affects operator fatigue, as well as the performance and maneuverability of the vehicle. Thus, advanced technologies in electronics, sensor technology and software will determine the nature of agro-technical innovations and will lead to increased automation of business processes in crop production with the aim to organize the work more effectively, efficiently, accurately, environmentally friendly and economically feasible. When working with intelligent technologies, understanding the development of high-tech, precision engineering requires a revision to the personnel policy and education in agriculture, which should be based on the relevant organization of farms and their proper new type engineering solutions
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FEATURES OF USE AND PROSPECTS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT IN AGRICULTURE
DescriptionOne of the priority directions of development of the Russian economy, in terms of import substitution and maintenance of food security of the state is agriculture. Agricultural production is a complex, high-risk business that requires the most careful calculation and planning. The achievement of the objectives to improve production efficiency and reduce risks in the agricultural sector can contribute to the use of the design of controls, instruments, components of complex project management. Project management is an opportunity not only to use the existing internal resources of the enterprise, but also actively to attract additional investment. In connection with this topic is the use of project management elements or transition the agricultural sector enterprises from the classical management to project management is quite important. Partly to reduce the risks associated with the implementation of agricultural projects, and in some cases completely eliminate them, you can with the help of new information technologies in project management of agricultural production. This can greatly affect the quality and efficiency of management processes. More and more computer equipment and automation introduced in crop management processes to perform field work at the optimum time and progressively reduce costs and improve profitability. For example, the system "GEO-AGRO” helps organize all coming from various sources, information and process it to make decisions. Using the project approach more actively in the agricultural sector in conjunction with information technology is possible, first of all, with the state support of the agricultural sector projects. In addition, it is advisable to form the design thinking of farm managers. Implementation of these proposals will help to attract more investment and boost profitability for agricultural production
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Description
The authors made an analysis of biotechnology firms, working in medicine. In terms of the current direction of Russian economy in the process of import substitution, the researched topic of this article has its urgency based on understanding that to build competitive industries in the Russian Federation it is necessary to examine and adjust experience of leading states with certain achievements in pharmacology. Implementation of industry development programmes is possible not only through the active participation by state administration, but also through understanding of how overseas market participants operate. Thus, the object of research is companies of the biotechnology industry, the subject of the research are the financial indicators in relation to industrial value chain strategies. The United States market data was used because of the availability of substantial sources of information that are easier in intelligence conduction, and also due to the fact that the experience of the developed market economy can serve as a model for understanding the work of the business and its patterns for domestic entrepreneurs and public servants. Based on analysis made with descriptive statistics and econometric tools the authors demonstrated the correlation between financial performance and strategy of the value chain
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INVERSE PROBLEM MODELS OF THE SAMUELSON–HICKS
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionThe article continues the cycle of their studies associated with the formulation and development of methods of construction of nonnegative solutions of inverse problems for dynamic systems. In this article the authors formulated and investigated inverse problems for dynamic systems: model of Samuelsson– Hicks. The technique of constructing non-negative solutions of the studied inverse problems. This method is based on the following scheme of the solution. First, we have to identify the formulation of the direct problem, then the formulation of the inverse. This work investigates how correct the mathematical models describing the dynamic economic system are. Further, in the specified tabular solutions of the direct problem, we have built a system of algebraic equations containing the unknown estimated parameters of the studied model. Then posed inverse problem is reduced to solution of a problem of quadratic programming, the solutions of which are defined in MS Excel. The theoretical material is accompanied by the specific example
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RESEARCH STAFF TEAMS OF A DEPARTMENT
DescriptionPerspectives of science in high schools were always defined by prospects of development of scientific teams. The author proposes to divide (depending on the contents of research targets) unities of the research process and the results of research teams of the Department into three categories: a scientific group, a scientific school and a leading scientific school. Research teams are characterized by not only quantitative and qualitative composition, but the annual results. We reveal functional duties of leaders of research teams and the head of the Department for their effective management. One of the main tasks of the Department is to create conditions for the disclosure of scientific and creative abilities of students. The article describes general concepts and the content of scientific researches, including the formulation of themes, goals and objectives of the research, as well as the basics of research methodologies required for students in conducting the research work. The structure of research groups of the Department, the content of their work, the main functional responsibilities of heads of scientific disciplines and the head of the Department, basics of scientific research methodology discussed in the article, will increase the organization's effectiveness and the efficiency of R & D Department
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BEST AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGY AS AN ELEMENT OF ECOLOGICAL MODERNIZATION OF PIG-BREEDING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article analyzes the main factors of the negative impact of pig farms on the environment, for the characteristics of which are used criteria such as emissions of ammonia, methane, nitrous oxide, dust, loss of nitrogen and phosphorus in manure output, feed consumption and water consumption, economic evaluation, capital costs of reducing emissions, operational cost. The technical level, resource and energy consumption in the production of pork have been analyzed in a comparative perspective. The necessity of implementation of best available techniques in order to ensure environmentally oriented production growth has been provided. The importance of the development of technology selection algorithm and clarification the basic criteria for the selection has been emphasized. Also, there was detected the role of technical regulation for the prevention of excess pollution. The necessity of a comprehensive approach was proven for the implementation of NDT in the framework of environmental and industrial policies. Implementing NDT will provide the ecological modernization of pig production, which is confirmed by the experience of European countries, successfully implementing the concept of NDT from the 70s of the twentieth century. At the same time, not only economic measures should be used (exemption from pollution charges, grants and subsidies), but also the administrative tools (based on a valuation of NDT, integrated permits). Daylight technological regulation will provide "green" economic growth and will contribute to solving social and economic problems. Implementation of the project is not possible without the exchange of information, the definition of time and economic characteristics of the implementation of NDT, comparative analysis and classification technologies to NDT. In 2017, it has already been planned to publish the NDT reference "Intensive breeding of pigs,” while the implementation of best available technologies will become the basis of ecological modernization of the industry. The inclusion of the author to the technical working group on development of the handbook "Intensive breeding of pigs" allows to participate on-line in the discussion of topical issues
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MOTIVATIONAL MECHANISM OF INCREASING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ECONOMIC MARKET AGENTS
DescriptionThe article discusses the monitoring of labor in the pilot organizations. The monitoring of labor indicates that nowadays it is particularly relevant to introduce organizational innovations in the field of staff remuneration in order to stimulate the proper production behavior. The article deals with the problems of innovative development of the employee’s motivation in an unstable economic development. The authors proposed the technique of information provision of the management staff with natural and value indices of labor resources generated in IFRS. An effective system of motivation of the personnel is of a particular importance in a turbulent economic environment, because in a competitive environment the employer views the staff as an essential resource that determines the success of economic market agents. The greatest attention should be paid to the staff training and saving valuable employees that enables organizations to achieve high financial results. The main aspect of the solution of many administrative decisions is a science-based system for obtaining timely, reliable and cost-effective information on the use of labor resources generated in the accounting and analytical base of the organization
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SIMULATION OF ATMOSPHERIC VORTEX FLOWS ON JUPIER AND SATURN
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionAtmospheric currents on Jupiter and Saturn are characterized by turbulence and complex vortex structure, which is caused by a large angular speed of the gas giants. In this paper we consider two types of eddy currents - for hexagonal in the northern polar region of Saturn and the Great Red Spot in the equatorial region of Jupiter. For the numerical simulation of turbulent flows of this type the model of the planetary boundary layer was developed by the author. In both cases, the main strengthening mechanism is associated with geostrophic flow of small amplitude interacting with the planetary turbulent boundary layer. For hexagonal Saturn with its characteristic length scales and speed - 120 m / s and 14,500 km, respectively, there are more than 35 years data of observation. We have found that a small axial symmetry violation geostrophic flow in the shear causes the development of a hexagonal pattern in a turbulent boundary layer. In addition, under the influence of the Coriolis force and the eddy viscosity gradient in the turbulent boundary layer there is the jet formed, pressed against the lower edge of the layer. Great Red Spot on Jupiter has the characteristic velocity and length scales - 150 m / s, 14,000 km from north to south and 24000-40000 km from west to east, there are already more than 350 years data. It identified another mechanism of formation of vortex flow, coupled with the strengthening of small amplitude zonal flow in a turbulent boundary layer with the eddy viscosity gradient and the volume turbulent viscosity on a rotating planet. Both mechanisms are confirmed by numerical calculations of non-stationary planetary boundary layer
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METAMODELING IN THE SYSTEM OF KNOWLEDGE OF ECONOMIC REALITY
DescriptionThe role of modeling in the knowledge of economic reality and the formation of economic theory is shown. Informational, instrumental, and communication functions of the models are the most important ones in the process of understanding of economic reality. The urgency of increasing knowledge on economic models and process of modeling of economic objects is proved. In this regard, the need to address a number of issues that are related to the field of economic metamodeling is noted. The definition of economic metamodeling as a field of knowledge and activities associated with optimal formalization of the philosophy, methodology and practice of development models of functioning and evolution of the economy is given. Economic metamodeling is considered as an important factor in ensuring maximum adequacy of the economic theory developed on the basis of the wide use of models of the economy and society as the object of modeling and research. The ideas about philosophical, methodological and methodical bases of modeling of economic phenomena are outlined; the purpose and objectives of the economic metamodeling are defined. Such principles of economic modeling as basing on the common philosophical and methodological basis presented in the metamodel of social economy, recognition of the subordination of economic models based on structural and functional hierarchy, pragmatism, reality of the economic models, the unity of semantic security models, and the optimality of the layout models are formulated. The task of developing of economic metamodel of the society and the metamodel of economic modeling is done