№ 129(5), May, 2017
Public date: 31.05.2017
Archive of journal: Articles count 97, 240 kb
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FINANCIAL CONDITION OF AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS OF THE KRASNODAR REGION
DescriptionThe technique of financial condition indicators calculation of agricultural producers is considered in the article, which allows classification of farmers in 5 groups of financial stability. The analysis of the dynamics and structure of the Krasnodar region agricultural organizations balance showed that in the study period after the legislation adoption, and the agricultural lands reduction by 20,5% in agricultural organizations in 2015 compared with 2002, the total balance has increased 6.7 times, and as compared to 2005, with the farmland area decrease from 2393,9 thousand hectares to 1994, 7 thousand ha or 16,7%, total assets increased 2,9 times. This transformation was mainly due to measures taken to improve the financial condition of agricultural organizations. In some farms also by reducing the number of unprofitable farms in the structure of agricultural enterprises converted to private farms or farms of individual entrepreneurs. Based on the balances for the analyzed period using the "Table of calculations of the coefficients for the classification of agricultural producers to the financial stability of the debtor" the assessment of balance sheets of agricultural enterprises was conducted. This table has enlarged the intervals between the indices and their scoring. Under the current methodology, calculating on the basis of financial stability, are agricultural organizations with a total score of 41,5 and 56,4 points belong to one and the same group. In general, for the analyzed period all households have the points for a satisfactory value. The rates calculated totally for each year revealed a fairly clear trend. In 2005 compared with 2002 the increase in the amount of the indexes was 5,4%, in 2010 compared with 2005 – the growth of 2,4% and in 2015 compared with 2010– the increase of 32,8%. Consequently, there is a trend of improving financial stability of agricultural enterprises in the Krasnodar region. However, the analysis revealed shortcomings in the methodology of agricultural organizations financial state assessment, which requires either increasing the interval in a grouping or the score
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Description
The problem of controlling a large-scale agroindustrial system, which should be solved in the process of organizing agricultural production, is considered. It is shown, that the scientific and methodological apparatus of the service subsystem controlling such an object should be expanded in comparison with ordinary enterprises of agroindustrial production. The article considers a new approach to the theory of management of large-scale socio-economic systems, based on a solidary information economy. Its main ideas are analyzed, its use as a basic organizational and economic theory instead of "economics" is justified. According to the solidary information economy, modern information technologies and decisionmaking theory make it possible to build information and communication system based on an "open network society" designed to identify people's needs and organize production in order to meet them. Predecessors - V.M. Glushkov, Anthony Stafford Beer, W. P. Cockshott, A. F. Cottrell and others. The main content of the research is the forecasting of the development of the future society and its economy, the development of organizational and economic methods and models designed to enhance the effectiveness of management processes. As an economic component of the state ideology of Russia, we propose to use a solidary information economy. The organizational and economic theory of Russia's innovative development should be based on a solidary information economy
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OBJECTIVES AND METHODOLOGY OF CROSS-CUTTING DESIGN OF TECHNICAL SYSTEMS
DescriptionThe debate continues about reform of higher education In the country. We offer our point of view regarding the preparation of bachelors and masters on the direction of "Control of the technical systems". Department of automatic control systems leverages variable disciplines of specialization and optional subjects, forms a curriculum based on the needs of the business environment of the region or commissioned by a separate large enterprise. Students participate in the modules of project activities, form new and effective engineering solutions, to get skills of their practical implementation with regard to effectiveness, relevance and prospects of their further development. The production practice is very important in the preparation of bachelors and masters. To this end, the agreement on cooperation in the field of improvement of quality of preparation of students of SFedU concluded with the company RealLab (www.rlda.ru). It has allowed undergraduates to pass a work practice at the enterprise, custom-making thematic tasks of the enterprise on a contractual basis. Graduates of magistracy successfully find a job at the enterprise, providing thus strengthening of personnel structure. In this study, we propose a technique of teaching of bachelors and masters in "Control of technical systems". The main thesis is to use the technique of through projecting throughout the entire learning process. The trajectory of training is built for the student based on a module of project activity, training and production practices. The student studies the object, develops the control algorithm, programs it, chooses a set of technical means throughout the entire period of training with an exit to the protection of the final qualifying work
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MANAGEMENT OF INVESTMENT ACTIVITY IN AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS
DescriptionInvestments have an important role in economy as without them it is impossible to provide stable development of economy and sustained economic growth. Nowadays emphasis should be focus to enhancement of control of investment activities of the agrarian organizations as agriculture takes the fundamental place in economy of each state. In this article, the most exact determination of the term "investments" is selected. Determinations of investment and investment activities are formulated. A row of procedures by means of which control of investment activities is exercised is considered. Development process and implementations of investment activities of the agricultural enterprise is reflected. Merits and demerits of indices of an assessment of investment projects are specified. Based on the analysis of domestic researches in the field of investment organization, activity and acceptance of investment administrative decisions 2 main views of control of investment activities are selected. Requirements to all process of investment control are specified. Features of investment solutions which entity is in preparation, a choice and the complex nature of acceptance of administrative decisions are selected. As one of the perspective directions of investment activities in the sphere of agriculture business on a hydroponics which allows to increase production efficiency of vegetables, greens, flower and berry cultures is allocated
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METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO FORMATION OF INTER-FARM RELATIONS IN AN AGROINDUSTRIAL COMPLEX
DescriptionThis article is devoted to description of theoretical aspects in the field of organizational component in processes of agroindustrial integration from point of view of methodology of inter-farm relations. As the object of the research, the authors have identified a set of factors mediating the process of organizational interaction and regulation of inter-farm relationships with a certain type of construction business systems in agricultural production. Topicality of the chosen subject area was confirmed by the fact that conditions of realization of the State program of development of agriculture, which provides the improvement of the organizational-economic mechanism of agrarian and industrial complex, has been oriented on import substitution and required a complex of measures, directed at development of tools and mechanisms to support the agricultural integration. A number of provisions of the article, such as assessment of factors influencing the choice of the method of building interenterprise relations and type agro-industrial formations reveal basic provisions at advantages and prospective directions of development processes of agroindustrial integration. It points to primacy of processes cooperation and availability of mutual proprietary interest of economic entities for further business cooperation and formation of a single vertically integrated economic system. In the article, there are certain elements of increment of scientific knowledge, which lies in comparison and synthesis of the selected theoretical conceptual positions of mechanism of formation and development of on-farm and inter-farm relations from horizontal to vertical agro-industrial integration on basis of which the authors present their own point of view on most significant features and directions of the development in agroindustrial integration in organizations of agricultural production. In the article, we also present a comparative characteristic of stages of formation processes of agroindustrial integration on criterion of on-farm and inter-farm cooperation. The results of the research can be used by experts of an agrarian profile of specialization as a subsidiary of theoretical and practical material in solution of questions of agriculture development
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ANALYSIS OF QUALITY INDICATORS OF AUTOMATIC CONTROL SYSTEMS WITH NONLINEAR APPROXIMATION CONTROL LAW
DescriptionThe subject of research of this work was the study of the quality of control processes in a nonlinear automatic control system with an approximating the control law. In the known published works there are no results of such studies, which makes it difficult to synthesis a nonlinear control system for multimode objects in applied biotechnology, including technological objects of the agro-industrial complex. A comparative analysis of the quality of regulation in the transient and steady-state regimes is carried out. It is shown that the approximation method used for the synthesis of the nonlinear control law provides a linear dependencies in steady-state and close to them modes in combination with relay modes in transient regimes, which is a positive factor for improving the quality of regulation in multimode control systems. It does not necessary to determine the moments of switching the dependencies in the control law when changing modes
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Description
The key specialization of production and combination of sub-sectors in rice-growing company directly affect the profitability level, production output per unit of a land area and labor productivity. The maximum efficiency of production resources use can be achieved only under the optimal ratio of production directions. In the article there were described the stages of development of economic-mathematical models allowing use to determine the main parameters of agricultural production development and the example of its application for the rice-growing enterprise FSUE RPP “Krasnoarmeysky” (the Krasnodar region). The designing of economic-mathematical model allowed us to solve the problem of calculation of technicaleconomic indexes by real parameters of the farm and work out the offers of its further development to increase the effectiveness of production and realization of plant produce. The source of designing of economic-mathematical model became a yearly report of the rice-growing farm “Krasnoarmeysky” in which all types of limitations are not taken into account. Under the designing of economic-mathematical model, we showed some offers, which became the basis of the analysis of the existing condition of a plant-growing trend of the enterprise. There were offered the ways of development of rice-growing farm “Krasnoarmeysky” which are based on conclusions obtained in the result of the analysis of realization of plant-growing produce, based on the use of the offered method of economicanalytical modeling
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Description
The article reveals the basic principle of stabilizing the DC voltage, providing automatic control of electrical devices and electrical equipment, control systems, control and protection, etc. There are functional diagrams (operated and promising) of DC voltage stabilization with a device included in the input and output power circuits of the rectifier, and a new structural solution to a functional circuit of the rectifier made of two controllable power electronic devices and transformer with midpoint. The article lists peculiarities of the circuits of the voltage regulators and their main advantages and disadvantages. We have reviewed functional diagrams of existing and new solutions of the stabilizers and the characteristics of their work; it will increase the effectiveness of pre-project works on the development of stabilizers of the DC voltage with improved performance characteristics. This article might be useful for post-graduates and research workers who are involved in the development of DC voltage stabilizers
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DETERMINATION OF MARKET COST OF VALUED REAL ESTATE
DescriptionThe article is devoted to the assessment of market price of real estate objects with the help of the most spread formalized and non-formalized methods on practice, mainly: expert valuation, score method, correlation-regression analysis, method of net modeling which allowed to determine the cost of 1 km2 of real estate taking into account the updating. There was conducted the calculation of updating which is done by the determination of the recoupment term on production real estate and on objects of energetic in average throughout Russia (on public offers of realization of investment projects, on analytic articles), determination of profitability of specialized and non-specialized real estate (as a sign which is reverse recoupment term), determination of updating (multiplier) on purpose to the cost of land plot, as the relation of coefficients of a discount (coefficient of the discount of non-specialized objects to the coefficient of specialized objects)
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Description
Improvement is offered for working bodies’ forms in devices for preparation of forages by methods of engineering geometry and computer graphics. That opens not only great opportunities for intensification, increase in productivity and efficiency of the technological processes, but also opens ways for creation of small-sized devices for their realization. Constructive study of geometry of working bodies surface, allows us to give wavy movement to particles of forage and impart them the movement with bigger power consumption. In such installations forage particles components, meeting walls of working body, change their direction and, meeting other portions of particles of forage components, mix up. From loading to unloading, throughout the installations working body length, flexible and strong waves of forage particles components movement inside the working body are born. The conducted pilot studies have shown that as a result of working bodies’ forms improvement of devices for preparation of forages by methods of descriptive geometry such devices can be implemented in a variety of industries