№ 131(7), September, 2017
Public date: 29.09.2017
Archive of journal: Articles count 124, 307 kb
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Description
The main problems of poultry farming and ways to overcome them under the conditions of import substitution are now under consideration. The dynamics of production and poultry products consumption is being analyzed. It has been stated to form an integrated approach towards the implementation of the concept of poultry farming in the new economic conditions. That will guarantee import substitution and increase the competitiveness of the Krasnodar region and Russia in the world food market
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Description
The article examines the key aspects of import of food in Russia at the present stage. The relevance of this problem is necessary to the development directions of rationalization of import substitution, under condition of increase of competitiveness of domestic agricultural producers. The importance of this problem increases in recent years due to sanctions and embargoes, highlights the need for comprehensive studies in the formation of commodity composition of import substitution of food products and determining the key factors of its regulation. The work presents the analysis of dynamics of volume of imports of foodstuffs and agricultural raw materials for their production and its diversification based on import substitution. We discuss main commodity groups of food and, in particular, crop production and viticulture. In addition, we examined the major groups of goods from the point of view of the potential and opportunities for import substitution and selected those items, which, for various reasons, cannot be carried out in the Russian conditions due to climatic and other factors. As a result of the study, the authors concluded that the introduction of anti-Russian sanctions and the retaliatory embargo on imports of foreign agricultural commodities in general had a positive impact on the development of the domestic agricultural business, which is confirmed by the indices of growth of agricultural production in recent years. In addition, if there is further adequate funding of this sector, it is possible to speak about prospects of strengthening of food independence of Russia
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EVALUATION OF THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION OF STUDENTS AND EFFECTIVENESS OF TEACHERS
DescriptionModern universities do not have effective techniques for evaluating the quality of education of students and effectiveness of teachers' activity that allows controlling and directing its activities. We have proposed to perform the quality evaluation of students preparation based on the results of intermediate assessments, examinations, and test results of the teachers, who held their classes. The article provides analytical expressions for calculating the quality of the current preparation of students and the quality of education of graduates, the effectiveness of teachers in core activities (educational, methodical and scientific work). In assessing the quality of education, we have considered the learning outcomes, employment potential, i.e. educational and labor activity. The proposed techniques will increase the objectivity of the assessment of the quality of graduates’ education in technical universities and the effectiveness of teachers. This will allow us to make changes in the organization of educational process and the content of working programs of training, educational and methodical and material and technical support, to change the contents and technologies of improvement of qualification of the teaching staff that will contribute to increase demand for graduates in the labor market
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Description
Professional apple gardening is bound to particular risks, of which is essential losses of a harvest because of diseases. An apple scab, the caused Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) G. Winter, brings the greatest loss. The main approach in monitoring of a scab of an apple-tree is creation of grades, steady against pathogen. In the present work we have carried out phytopathology testing of generations of the seedlings received from the free pollination of six forms of a crab of Malus orientalis from a collection MOS VIR (Maykop) characterized by a relative resistance to the apple scab in 2-3 classes of damage by long-term data. For infection we used inoculum, consisting both of natural population of a scab, and of strains of pathogen of various cultivars and geographical origin. When carrying out padding infection increase in force of an infectious background that can be bound to selection of the plants of biotypes of a fungus that are most adapted for genotypes was noted. It is recommended for precise elimination of unstable plants at selection at early stages of an ontogenesis to carry out more than one serial infection during the season. By results of the phytopathological testing, we highlighted three Malus orientalis forms from the six studied No. 17982, 17985 and 3080 the most perspective stability genes for an introgressiya in a cultural gene pool of an apple tree
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PEDAGOGICAL MODEL AS A TOOL FOR IMPROVING QUALITY OF TRAINING OF STUDENTS-DESIGNERS
DescriptionThe article discusses the problem of improving the quality of vocational education. The pedagogical model of the formation of professional competences of the students-designers is proposed as a way of effective training of specialists in the field of design. The principle of composite is the basis for the formation of the pedagogical model. The modular program is the mechanism of implementation of the pedagogical model. The structure of the pedagogical model includes next blocks: the semantic, the contentorganizational and the evaluation-productive. The result of the application of the pedagogical model is the formation of the professional competencies of future specialists in the field of design, which correlates with the competence context in the system of higher education
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PERSPECTIVES AND FEATURES OF OPERATION OF SOLAR PV PLANTS
DescriptionCurrently one of the promising areas to significantly improve efficiency of energy saving is the introduction of renewable sources of energy into the energy system. In the field of solar energy, we consider solar photovoltaic power plants with direct conversion of solar radiation into electricity using solar panels as the most promising ones. The article examines the main factors that reveal the prospects of applying solar photovoltaic power plants. It also discusses the main advantages and disadvantages in comparison with traditional and other renewable energy sources. To improve the operational and technical characteristics of solar power plants in their structure significantly, it is proposed to use new components. Stand-alone inverters for single-phase transformers with rotating magnetic field will reduce the number of power electronic devices in the conversion circuit; they will simplify the system of control and protection, reduce electromagnetic interference and improve overall efficiency and reliability of the converter of the solar power plant. In addition, the modular design of solar power plants will also increase the reliability of the power system due to redundancy of the major functional elements. It is also important that the construction of solar power plants in a modular way enhances maintainability of the system, it significantly reduces the time for maintenance and troubleshooting in emergencies; it simplifies the task of changing its structure depending on requirements of users. The article reveals peculiarities of work and the main benefits from the application of solar photovoltaic power plants
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Description
Surface energy of polymers determines such important properties of polymers like wetability, adhesion, ability adsorption of low molecular weight substances. Inner organization, the structure of the polymer and the dynamics of interaction between macromolecular chains are shown at last. At the same time, the micro-defects (inhomogeneity) of polymers, which is an integral part of the structure are changed during deformation and must contribute to changing of the surface energy and its components. This article solves the task of detecting changes in the parameters of surface energy of polymers under uniaxial deformation. Data for the quantitative indicators of the surface properties total surface energy and its dispersive and polar components are presented. The calculations showed that the disperse and polar components of all the samples of polymer materials are about 98% of the total and, therefore, is crucial. For the first time experimental data, illustrating the change of surface energy of polymeric materials had been obtained, including elastomeric compositions, when uniaxial deformation. The relative changes of the surface energy vary from 54.5 per cent to 125 %. A decrease of total surface energy and its dispersion component is observed during deformation of polymer samples of different structure and chemical nature
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INCREASE IN EFFICIENCY OF A FOREST CAR BY MEANS OF A RECUPERATIVE HYDRAULIC ACTUATOR
DescriptionIn the article we consider severe conditions of operation of forest cars caused by the difficult land relief and service dirt roads which are badly equipped, as a rule, abounding with roughnesses, obstacles in the form of large superficial roots, stones and boulders, frequent turning movements, steep ascents and descents, considerable cross biases, hollows and boggy sites which lead to increase in consumption of fuel by 1,5-2,0 times and to cutting-down of their life cycle. Ways of increase in their efficiency by equipment by the recuperative mechanisms providing reuse in working process unproductively disseminated to the environment energy, and also promoting increase in reliability and simplification of a design of such cars are analyzed. On the basis of the analysis of the results received when studying a condition of a question, the authors have offered a design of a forest car with a recuperative hydraulic actuator in which gears of recovery are the arrow, a handle and the basic and rotary device of the hydraulic manipulator, reversible hydraulic motors of wheels and a suspender of the forest car. The scheme is submitted and work of a recuperative hydraulic actuator is described. The technique of an assessment of efficiency of the offered design of the forest car with system of recovery of energy is given. The cyclogram of working process of the forest car with the offered hydraulic actuator is constructed
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Description
The authors of the article consider legal organizational and tactical issues related to the search activities of operative-search units for the determination and detection of murders committed by an organized group. The authors compared certain provisions and norms of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, criminal law, criminal procedural law, Federal Laws regulating operative-search activities, searching activity in particular, some issues of obtaining information from confidential sources. Particularly, the authors consider the preparation, commission and concealment of murders committed by an organized group, and come to the conclusion that they are distinguished by careful planning, thoughtful execution and distribution of roles between accomplices. Detection and investigation of such cases are often really difficult due to their non-obvious conditions and concealment of traces of crime by criminals and counteraction to investigation. Therefore, the timely identification of persons involved in commitment of a murder mainly depends on capabilities of units carrying out operational search activities wisely used by an investigator
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THE POLICY OF TSARIST RUSSIA IN CHECHNYA AT THE TURN OF THE 1840- 1850-IES
DescriptionIn the article, based on factual material, we reveal the policy of tsarist Russia in Chechnya at the turn of the 1840-1850-ies. The article points out that in 1836, Chechnya was not included in the national liberation movement of highlanders of the North-Eastern Caucasus. In early 1840, Shamil was elected the Imam of Chechnya and the Imam of Dagestan and Chechnya. The same year there was a General revolt in Chechnya. Since that time, the center of the national liberation movement in the North-East Caucasus was moving to Chechnya. The article noted that for the conquest of the Chechen population by the king's command despite military means there were made engineering, economic and ideological measures. In the end, these measures and the teachings of Kunta-Haji, which began to spread in the same period of time, influenced the political situation in Chechnya and the minds of the Chechens. And all this, taken together, led to the fact that since the early 50-ies of the 19th century some groups of the society of Chechnya began to show a tendency towards reconciliation with Russia. In the studied time there was a change of tactics of the king's army in Chechnya. The Royal army was moving from trench warfare to the method of the marginalization of Chechens further and further into the mountains, through the construction of forest rides, and consolidated in the captured territory a system of military forts and Cossack villages. In 1850 the Royal army began to implement a plan of invasion of Chechnya which was Dagestan barns. This undermined the economic base of the Imamate heavily. Since the beginning of the 1850-ies and up until 1859, the center of gravity of the Caucasian war was transferred to Chechnya. There would be major events that would create the fate of the Imamate. Thus, the article characterizes the economic and propaganda policy of tsarism and its importance in the conquest of Chechnya; we have also highlighted the military actions against the mountaineers, explored the tactics and the strategy of the king's army in Chechnya