№ 134(10), December, 2017
Public date: 29.12.2017
Archive of journal: Articles count 112, 287 kb
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn breeding programs, evaluation of initial material is made on all the stages of developing the variety. Great difficulties for the breeding process are made by absence of modern mechanisms for storing, retrieving, manipulating the relevant data, and using the information previously obtained for use in solving the set breeding task. In order to organize the management of breeding process for development of high-quality rice varieties, based on the urgency of problem of intellectual analysis of data, the Database "Rice Quality" was designed as a set of structured data - the rice quality characteristics identified in the stages of the process of developing variety belonging to the "Rice". In the domain model, the infologic model, a set of parameters for evaluating rice quality in terms of out-of-program components is defined. The program is written in the Microsoft Access database environment using built-in query building tools, forms, reports. The structure of the developed tables includes static and refreshed directories in which the necessary information is stored, the tables are combined into one-to-many relationships, while ensuring data integrity, cascading updates and deletion of fields
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn the article, long-term data (2007-2015) of biometric parameters of an elevated part of plants are provided. Assessment of prospects of five introduced botanical species of juniper is carried out and recommendations about their use in landscaping are made. From 25 studied grades of junipers of types: Cossack, Sredniy, Virginia, Horizontal and Scaly we have established very perspective, perspective and a little perspective for gardening in the conditions of a foothill zone of the Krasnodar region
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe results of comparative analysis of three white muscat grades of grapes Viorika, the Muscat de Yaloven and the Muscat onitskan according to the biological indicators of fructification, productivity, quality of berries, mechanical structure of bunches, suitability for manufacture of direct extraction juice and dry wines are depicted in the article. All studied grades differ by high percent of fruiting runaways and high factors of fruiting and fructification. The highest factors of fruiting and fructification of runaways are reflected at grade Viorika, and the lowest - at a grade the Muscat de Yaloven. Biological indicators of fructification of runaways according to the length of a fruit spear are high and rather levelled at all grades. That is why, depending on bushes forming, it is possible to apply short and average (6-7 buds) length of vine cutting. Biological indicators of fructification of runaways from angular buds and sleeping buds are high enough, that shows to good regenerative ability of studied grades. Grades Viorika and the Muscat de Yaloven are tall, and the Muscat onitskan is average height. Degree of ripening of runaways at grades Viorika and the Muscat onitskan is good, at a grade the Muscat de Yaloven - satisfactory. Productivity of grades Viorika, Muscat de Yaloven and the Muscat onitskan is 77,94; 81,52 and 72,72 centner/hectares, and efficiency of runaway - 199,5; 193 and 221,9 with a significant difference between grades on both indicators. The exit of a mash at grades was 77,5-79,4 %. According to the contents of solids, sugars and acids, grapes of all grades correspond to requirements for manufacture of high-quality direct extraction juice. From grapes of these grades, it is possible to produce high-quality direct extraction juice under the name of ampelographic and blended grades. Sampling estimation of dry wines from grapes of these grades fluctuates from 7,6 to 7,8 points: 7,8 (Viorika), 7,7 (the Muscat onitskan), 7,6 (the Muscat de Yaloven)
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Description
The article describes the synthesis and verification of statistical and system-cognitive models of the influence of environmental factors on the quality of life of the population of the region. This stage of the ASC-analysis is performed in the system called "Eidos". As a result, we have created and validated (verification stage) all the specified systemic cognitive models. It is expected that reliability for the models of knowledge is sufficiently high for a given subject area, that is why we can state the discovery of a dependence of life expectancy and causes of death from environmental conditions. Typically, knowledge models are approximately 20% higher in accuracy than statistical models, which operate on the principle of positive pseudo-prediction. Making decisions based on the model of Abs (matrix of absolute frequencies) is not appropriate because of the different number of instances of classes (generalized categories) and dependence of the solutions of this amount. In the model called Prc2 (conditional and unconditional percentage distribution) the dependence of the model values of the number of examples in classes has been removed, but the accuracy of it is usually same low as in the Abs. In addition, for decision-making based on this model, one has to compare the values of conditional and unconditional probabilities manually, which is laborious and hardly possible for large dimensional models. The knowledge model called Inf3, based on a measure similar to the Chi-square, is the result of the automated comparison of values of conditional and unconditional probabilities presented in the model of Prc1, which is similar to Prc2, and usually has a fairly high accuracy, especially considering the high complexity of the subject area, which we simulated. Therefore, in accordance with the technology of the ASC-analysis data conversion into information, and afterwards - into knowledge, it is the model of Inf3 which is planned to be used for the solution of problems of identification, forecasting, decision-making and exploring the modeled subject area, through the study of its models
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REGULARITIES OF DEFLECTION IN THE DIAGONAL AND RADIAL TIRES OF THE GRAIN COMBINE PROPULSIONS
DescriptionThe aim of the study is to investigate the regularities of deflection in the diagonal and radial tires for the grain combine propulsions of high productivity. The research method is experimental. The "tire tester" and specially designed devices for revealing the deflections of the inner and outer tube relative to the rim in the circumferential and radial directions have been used. The outcome indices of the pneumatic-tired wheel are determined with the tire capability to deflect so, that at low - hysteresis losses in the rubber-cord casing and its acceptable tensions, based on a resource, the largest area of contact with supporting base would be created. This circumstance acquires the particular significance developing tires for grain combines of high performance, the deflection regularities of which are poorly studied at present. The analysis of experimental studies showed the feasibility of using the grain combine propulsions instead of the diagonal radial tires of the same size. The resistance to rolling of radial tires 30.5 R-32 is lower than in diagonal tires 30.5 L-32, and the developed contact area due to the increase of length is higher, which reduces sealing effect on the soil
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FEATURES OF NUMERICAL MODELLING OF LANDSLIDE PROCESSES ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE CITY OF SOCHI
DescriptionDevelopment of infrastructure of Sochi as mountain resort has demanded increase in transport means of communication and development of territories, difficult for construction. Construction works cover territories of the Kudepsta and Adler districts and also Krasnaya Polyana. The main problems at design near Greater Sochi are landslides and landslide processes and also high seismicity of territories. Besides, the increased technogenic loadings on many sites have led exogenous processes to activization. At unforeseen activization of landslide processes it is required to develop actions for strengthening of the existing constructions or construction of new protective designs in the shortest possible time. However, there are problems of modeling of a landslide situation. On the example of construction retaining at the portal constructions of a railway tunnel near Sochi modeling of landslide processes on the basis of natural observations (monitoring) is considered and also actions for stabilization of slope processes are described
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RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE OF THE APPLICATION OF BIOPREPARATIONS IN STORAGE OF FRUITS
DescriptionThe article analyzes the ways of ensuring a stable quality and use of biopreparations patented in Russia and abroad. The most famous biopreparations developed by Russian scientists. The analysis of literature sources and patent information has show that the development of methods for storing plant raw materials with using biological protection means is actual. Research in the field of the use of biopreparations for the processing of agricultural products is of high practical importance, since they allow a significant reduction in losses during storage. The application of biological protection treatment technologies is the most effective, environmentally safe and economical way of preparing for storage of plant raw materials
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Description
To ensure the safety of food production of frozen dessert with the addition of sesame flour, the system of critical control points for risk analysis (HACCP) was applied to the manufacturing process. Biological, chemical and physical hazards that could exist at every stage of frozen dessert production have been identified. Critical control points have been identified that include pasteurization and milling. The introduction of the HACCP system in food production can effectively ensure the safety and quality of food products, expand the market and improve the level of management of producers
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LED LAMPS FOR IRRADIATION OF GLASSHOUSE PLANTS
DescriptionAt present, much attention is paid to the production of domestic vegetable products. One of the main reserves of increasing the yield of vegetables is the production of products in sheltered ground. The intensive construction of new glasshouses and greenhouses complexes has sharply increased the demand for engineering facilities, with the help of which an artificial microclimate is created in the structures of the protected soil. To create high irradiations, a very significant specific installed power of photosynthetic radiation sources is required. Currently, advanced greenhouse plants use LED irradiation. The experience of these farms showed that LED irradiators have a number of significant advantages over discharge lamps: a significantly lower specific power of the irradiator; the service life of LEDs is several times higher; they do not contain toxic substances (mercury); LEDs are powered from a low voltage network, which is significant from a safety standpoint. Isolation of greenhouse plants from the effects of natural factors of the environment leads to undesirable consequences. The deficit of the amount of natural energy of optical radiation penetrating the structures of protected ground in modern industrial greenhouses during off-season is eliminated by additional artificial radiation from greenhouse lamps. In this case, the emission spectrum of lamps differs significantly from the natural one. This is especially true for ultraviolet radiation. The issue of creating an LED lamp for its application in structures of protected ground is considered. The main requirements for the creation of a photosynthetic lamp on the spectral composition of radiation are given. The necessity of a long-wave ultraviolet component in the emission spectrum of a lamp is substantiated
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TO THE QUESTION OF HARROWING AND SIMULTANEOUS FEEDING
DescriptionThe technology of cultivation of most crops provides pre - and post-emergence weeding of crops, and their feeding with the availability of soil nutrients. According to the used underlying technology, these operations are performed separately. The harrowing of crops after germination is necessary for weed control, the destruction of the soil crust for access of air to the root system and partial thinning of dense crops. Further destruction of weeds on crops are herbicides, high-quality entry which provide sprays. The latter can provide small and ultra-low volume spraying in high performance and environmental requirements. However, separate execution of technological operations for fertilizing and harrowing reduces the quality of work, increases the cost of production. The proposed combination of technological operations on a harrowing of crops different crops simultaneously with feeding plants solid mineral fertilizers. The combination of technological operations for one pass of machine-tractor unit in the field provides a reduction of the fleet, its capital intensity, the energy, cash costs, and hence competitiveness of products. The studies proposed new technical support processes, technological scheme of the multifunctional unit to combine the operations of feeding and harrowing of crops