№ 137(3), March, 2018
Public date: 30.03.2018
Archive of journal: Articles count 15, 44 kb
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05.20.00 Processes and machines of agroengineering systems
DescriptionThe issue of resource saving in the process of preparation of feed mixtures of multifunctional mobile units on livestock operations shows the need for further qualitative research in the preparation of feed for feeding with the goal of full realization of the genetic potential of animals. Modern cars often do not meet the above requirements that require new solutions. The theoretical study of grinding process feed stem proposed biplane segments allow you to define conditions and to identify the main factors affecting the studied process, and subsequently reduce their impact on the operation of the machine as a whole
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THEORETICAL JUSTIFICATION OF PA-RAMETERS OF A PLOW CYLINDRICAL FIELD BOARD
05.20.00 Processes and machines of agroengineering systems
DescriptionThe article considers the dependencies of the constructive parameters of a field board in the form of a cylindrical drum on the physical and mechanical properties of the soil. Expressions have been obtained for calculating the radius of the cylinder, as well as the size of the arm for installing the cylinder relative to the sock of the field board. The article also shows the limits of using field boards data on the bodies of plows
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Description
The article is dedicated to the study of new complex growth regulator called Zerebra agro and its influence on agrobiological and technological indicators of grapes. Studies were conducted in the Anapo-Taman Wine Growing Zone of the Krasnodar region (PAO Pobeda, Temryuk District). The fruit-bearing plantations of the white variety Viorica were cultivated three times during the vegetation period: before flowering (May 27), after flowering (June 20), the growth phase of berries (July 18), berries ripening (August 13) 200 ml / ha. Application of the growth regulator Zerebra agro resulted in a significant increase in the average mass of the bunch (by 11.5%), due to an increase in the number of berries (by 12.6%), yields from the bush (by 11.8%) and yields of plantations (by 1.17 tons or %). The increase in the experimental variant of the vine harvest was not accompanied by a decrease in the sugar content of the berries juice and an increase in the titrated acidity. The use of Zerebra agro allowed to reduce the degree of death of the central buds of wintering eyes at two and a half times, also to increase the coefficients of fruiting and fruit bearing, as well as the proportion of eyelets with two inflorescences and more. The greatest decrease in the death of the central wintering buds, as well as an increase in the embryonic fruiting index, was observed in the zone of 1-5 buds, which makes it possible to apply in the experimental version a short pruning length of fruit vines and to abandon the dry garters of fruit shooters
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CROP YIELD OF WINTER BARLEY GRAIN WITH THE APPLICATION OF VARIOUS GROWING TECHNOLOGIES
DescriptionThe experiment considered the influence of different methods of agricultural technologies on the yield of winter barley in the dependence of the investigated factors. The studies were carried out at the experimental station of Kuban State Agrarian University in the conditions of multifactorial long-term soil monitoring. The experiment was carried out in a typical 11-field grain-grass-tillage crop rotation with the following alternation of crops: alfalfa, alfalfa, winter wheat, winter barley, sugar beet, winter wheat, corn for grain, winter wheat, sunflower, winter wheat, spring barley with sowing of alfalfa. Stationary experience is represented by the following factors: the level of fertility (factor A); fertilizer system (factor B); plant protection system (factor C) and methods of basic soil cultivation (factor D). The relationship between the influence of the soil fertility level, fertilizer norms, plant protection products, the soil cultivation system and yield, and the crop structure of the perspective winter barley variety ‘Gordey’ were determined. The soil is leached super-heavy light-clay chernozem with an average thickness of the humus horizon - 150 cm. It is found that fertilizer, soil treatment, seeding method, protective means increase the yield of winter barley and positively influences the elements of the yield structure. The yield increase in comparison with the control changed from 10.4 to 26.8 c / ha. The statistical processing data show that the fertilizer system (35.8%) and soil cultivation (27%) had a certain influence on the number of productive stems; the fertilizer system (44.6%) influenced the spike size, the fertilizer system (28%) and the tillage (32.8%) had influence on the amount of grain in the spike and also influenced the mass of grain from the spike
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Description
As a result of 12-year research, we define the influence of management and control factors on the population of pests and disease damage of four varieties of winter wheat KNIISH of PP Lukyanenko in order to optimize the plant protection factor. The quantitative characteristics of populations of pests and diseases essentially depend on the agronomist and weather predictors. It has been established that for 8 years the population of winter wheat by the larvae of the piano was higher than the EPO and the protection has been important economic and agro-politic. The maximum population of ears of wheat thrips was observed in 2009, 2010, 2013 and 2014 and amounted to 24.2-35.3 specimens / ear, which was the basis for the use insecticides. With optimal weather predictors in 2010, 2011, 2012 and 2013, the population of ears of larvae of wheat mosquito (without plant protection) was from 15.3 to 19.0 specimens / ear, which is higher than the EPO. Monitoring of the dynamics the development of diseases allowed conclusion that the state of the population of pathogens is limited by the levels of fertility and mineral nutrition and weather predictors. The isolation of the values of these indicators in different periods of development of pests allows to optimize the implementation of operational measures with the contribution of the plant protection factor to the productivity of winter wheat from 7 to 42%