All-Russian Research Institute of Biological Plant Protection
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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EFFICIENCY OF CHEMICAL FUNGICIDES AGAINST LEAF TAN SPOT OF WHEAT
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn recent years leaf tan spot had dominated into pathogenic complex of wheat in southern Russia. The causative agent of this disease is hemibiotrophic ascomycete Pyrenophora tritici-repentis (Died.) Drechsler; imperfect state of Drechslera triticirepentis (Died) Shoem. It causes two different symptoms in susceptible wheat varieties: chlorosis and necrosis. Under epiphytotic disease progression crop losses can achieve 65%. One of the most important elements of phytosanitary control of wheat cenosis is scientifically relevant chemical fungicides application. Biological efficiency of some fungicides against Pyrenophora tritici-repentis has been estimated. Research was conducted on the experimental ground of FSBSI ARRIBPP on the variety susceptible to the pathogen – Krasnodarskaya 99. Preparations were tested one time at leaf-tube formation (Z37) phase or two times: at leaf-tube formation (Z37) and start of heading (Z51) stages. Double treatment was more effective than a single one. Fungicides “Amistar extra” and “Prozaro” have got the high biological efficiency – 80,7 and 83,7%, consequently, and longer protective period (up to 40 days) in comparison to every tested fungicides
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Description
The research work was conducted on the tomato hybrid F1 Мо 755 × L. esculentum var racemigerum (Lange) Brezh. The individual characteristics of the reproductive system of tomato F1 hybrid were studied for their further inclusion into the selection programs. The dynamics of these factors in regard to the clusters in the tomato inflorescence was investigated.
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RESISTANCE OF WINTER WHEAT CULTIVARS TO YELLOW LEAF SPOT PATHOGEN
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe results of immunological assessment of winter wheat varieties included in the State register of breeding achievements of the Russian Federation and the variety of different types of resistance to yellow leaf spot pathogen are presented in this article
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe development of leaf spot pathogens (yellow leaf spot and septoria spot) has been studied in Belarus and North Caucasian Region of Russia. The resistant wheat cultivars to the pathogens have been revealed
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SELECTION OF PERSPECTIVE BIOLOGICAL CONTROL AGENTS FOR FALL WHEAT PROTECTION FROM FUSARIUM DISEASES
DescriptionThe results of primary screening of bacterial strains on the basis of cell-wall degrading enzymes and antifungal activity against the fungus Fusarium graminearum. Selected active strains perspective for the development of biopreparations based on their type of multifunctional action to protect fall wheat from Fusarium pathogens are given
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Description
As for beneficial fauna, the most number of parasitic hymenoptera is noticed in organic orchards. The least quantity of parasitic hymenoptera can be met in conventional orchards. The characteristic feature of arthropods in conventional orchards in 2008 was the frequent occurrence and rather big number of acariphages (ladybirds of Stethorus family). The occurrence of the considerable quantity of predatory bug Campilomma and the bugs of Orius family was registered. All the enumerated species attack phytophagous mites. With the assumption of phytophagous mites population increase in organic orchards, the increase in Stetorus specimen was registered. Acariphages in ecological orchards occurred rarely. So we can suggest that predacious insect species – Stetorus, Campilomma, Orius –can serve as a certain indicator showing one or another population density of phytophagous mites in apple-tree orchards.
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CAYENNE, NEW HERBICIDE FOR FIGHTING WEEDS IN CROPS OF WINTER WHEAT
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionOne of the most destabilizing factors of crop production is weed infestation of crops. Despite annual herbicide treatment, weed infestation of crops of winter wheat remains high, with a predominance of annual dicotyledonous weed with a higher proportion of drug resistant on the basis of 2,4-D. We also notice increased range and density of perennial dicotyledonous weeds. New combinational herbicide called Cayenne, manufactured by LLC "Agro Expert group", which in its composition contains two active substances: thifensulfuron-methyl (500 g/l) and florasulam (170 g/l), highly inhibits both annual and perennial dicotyledonous weeds. According to the working program of the registrant's company we have tested Cayenne on crops of winter wheat in spring in the tillering phase and the formation of the second internode. It is shown that its use in doses of 0.025 and 0.035 kg/ha in mixture with 200 ml/ha of surfactant-Bit 90, W provides effective suppression of annual and perennial dicotyledonous weeds (90 – 100 %). The negative effect on the culture was not observed. At the same time, within 2-3 days after herbicide application we observed cessation of growth, chlorosis, dieback of growing points of weeds. Complete death was observed after 15 – 20 days
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Description
The search of resistance sources to the wheat stem rust pathogen among wheat collection material, its rare species and Aegilops (goat grass) was conducted. The samples resistant to the pathogen were detected. They have been studied on the artificial infectious background for three years and they are recommended for use in selection
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STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE BACTERIZATION SEED ON GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENT OF FALL WHEAT
DescriptionThe results of studies to determine growth-promoting activity and the effect on seed quality of fall wheat of perspective bacterial strains of antagonistic Fusarium pathogens are presented. We have selected the active strains perspective for the development of biopreparations, based on their type of multifunctional action
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DNA TECHNOLOGY OF PCR ANALYSIS OF CODLING MOTH POPULATIONS BY MICROSATELLITE LOCI
DescriptionThe DNA technology of the PCR analysis of codling moth populations by microsattelite loci is adduced in detail. It includes a list of the equipment, consumable materials and chemical agents, methods of DNA extraction, PCR analysis and electrophoresis of amplification products in polyacrilamid gel. The example of the PCR analysis of codling moth population from Krasnodar region with two microsattelite loci is adduced