03.00.00 Biological sciences
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EFFECTS OF INCREASED WATER TEMPERATURES ON REPRODUCTIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF RAINBOW TROUT FEMALES
DescriptionThe effects of increased water temperatures on the reproductive characteristics of rainbow trout females were studied. It was found, that the increased water temperatures produced negative effects on the gonad maturation and survival of the embryos when acted at the late stages (IV and V) of female gametogenesis, but not at the earlier (III) stage
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Description
This article is devoted to treatment effects of cuttings of a grape variety called Moldova with 0.01% solution of heteroauxin on their regenerative capacity, depending on the light conditions. We have established that the germination of cuttings in the dark, as well as the treatment of heteroauxin significantly stimulate their regenerative abilities. The length of the shoots, regardless of the use of heteroauxin, depends on the mode of the light produced during the germination of cuttings. In both studies, the length of the shoots on the end of experiment cuttings germinated in the dark, was 1,71-2,66 times more than when germinated in the light. Cuttings rooting ability also largely depends on the light produced in their germination. In both studies, the rooting of cuttings started earlier and passed more rapidly during their germination in the dark. Processing cuttings with heteroauxin, followed by germination in the dark, speeded up the formation of roots even more, compared with the case where the cuttings treated with heteroauxin germinated in the light. In the best case rooting increased by 42,5-47,5%, the number of roots on basal ends of cuttings in 18,3- 18,5 times, the numbers of cuttings with 3 or more roots to 72,5-80,0%
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Description
The researches have been conducted for the optimization of culture medium for unique genotipes of Populus tremula L. in vitro. It was found that for induction of proliferation of the arms of Populus tremula in vitro one should use MS culture medium with 0,1 ml / l IBA and 0,1 or 0,5 ml / l BAP. For stimulation of rhizogenesis MS culture medium with 0,3 ml / l IBA should be used
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Description
Questions of microbial plant protection become more relevant. The use of microorganisms can solve the following problems: biologization of agriculture and sanitation of soil. Application of various physical factors affecting the microorganisms reduces their number. This influences the efficiency of their use. This article gives examples of the application of pressure in the biotechnological process of microbial preparations and their use in the process of spraying. The effect of pressure on nonspore bacteria - Azotobacter chroococcum, spore-forming bacteria - Bacillus megatherium and fungi - Trichoderma viride has been presented in this article. These microorganisms are used in the tank medium for protecting plants against diseases and pests developed by Ltd. "Kuban agrotehnoloogy" of Kuban State Agrarian University. Efficiency is the simultaneous application of tank medium of microorganisms with herbicide. It was found that the application of the tank medium of microorganisms for spraying is necessary to limit the pressure of 4.5 atm. Тhe use of higher spraying modes effects on reducing the number of viable bacteria. This fact has not been checked against fungi
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Description
We studied the effects of heavy metal pollution on soil phytotoxicity cities of the Rostov region. The research objects were the soils of urbolandscape towns: Taganrog, Novocherkassk, Gukovo, Shakhty, Azov. The study of the soil pollution with heavy metals was recorded in Gukovo, Shakhty, Taganrog. The degree of pollution of the studied cities form the following row: Gukovo > Shakhty > Taganrog > basics > Novocherkassk. The research was carried out in 2011-2015 at the Department of ecology and environmental Sciences of southern Federal University. In most cases, there was a direct correlation between pollutant concentration and the degree of deterioration of the studied soil properties. Used biological indicators are informative for monitoring of urban soils polluted with heavy metal. The degree of informativity of biological indicators form the following row: root length > germination >length of shoots. The results of the study can be used for monitoring and diagnosing the condition of contaminated soils, in the assessment of environmental impact, risk assessment of natural and synthetic disasters, the development of regional standards on the content of heavy metals in soil and in other environmental and industrial activities
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Description
The number of microarthropods in the black soil de-creased with an increase in the number of oil. The same pattern was observed until a certain concentra-tion of lead in soil (von 250 mg / kg), after which high doses (500 and 1000 mg / kg) was recorded an in-crease in the number of microarthropods. Gamasid mites and ticks of akaroid-trombidiform complex have proven more resistant to lead, and armored mites and springtails - to oil, vise versa
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Description
We studied the resistance of the eight strains of oil-destructive actinomycetes, isolated from the oil-contaminated ecosystems to heavy metal salts when cultivatiwng with different carbon sources. Furthermore we researched feasibility to use those microorganisms for bioremediation of oil- contaminated sites with high level of heavy metals
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INFLUENCE OF MELAPHEN ON AGROBIOLOGICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF SAVINION WHITE GRAPE
DescriptionHereby we present the results of the research devoted to study of influence of growth modulator called melaphen on the technical brand of gapes such as Sovinion White and its agro-biological characteristics. The research was conducted in 2014-2015 using fruitful grape Sovinion White of 2004 planting as a subject in agro farm “Yuzhnaya” of Temruk in the Krasnodar Region. Melaphen is a type of melamine salt of bioximethilphosphin acid. It evokes complex influence on the energetic complex of vegetation cell in all three stages of vegetation. The chemical was applied mechanically by a tractor sprinkling. The square of tested patch is 2 hectares. Melaphen usage was 6,7 ml to 1 hectare . Norm of liquid applied was 700 liters to 1 hectare. Three times the chemical was applied during vegetation: before blossoming, grape growth phase (grapes the size of a pea) and before the grapes ripen. As a result it was estimated that three times chemical application of melaphen to Sovinion White in dose 1. 10-9 in period after blossoming of grapes and before the grapes ripen led to more saturated accumulation of sugar in juice of the grapes and also to faster ripening and harvesting, larger mass of grape bunch amount of harvesting from a bush. Besides, in the tested option growing processes are accelerated and pigmentation agents are accumulated faster in the leaves and embryo infestation in winter sleeping core is boosted at larger scale. Better harvest quality leads to better wine materials quality. Application of melaphen provides higher economical efficiency
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Description
In the article we investigated the effect of the bacterial metabolites compositions (Aktoflor and Patogen) on antagonistic activity of L.acidophilus D № 75. It was shown the both compositions stimulate integrated antagonistic activity of L.acidophilus D № 75 by inducing the synthesis of the bacteriocin and decreasing the proportion of low active clones in the population. We have also shown the advantage of probiotic bacteria metabolites (Aktoflor). The results can be used to enhance the probiotic potential of the bacterial preparations
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Description
The article gives the results of the study of an effect of mechanochemical powder of wood green of Abies (MPA) on potato morphogenesis in vitro. The study involved the hormone-free nutrient mediums (MS, ½ B5, ½ LS) for growing microcuttings from preliminary obtained aseptic plants. Plant morphogenesis was observed on the 15th and 30th days. At that, the number of developed shoots, plant height, leaves number, rhizogenesis rates, root number and length were estimated. MPA appeared to have the regulatory effect on morphogenesis of potato microcuttings. Based on mineral composition of the nutrient agar medium for potato microcuttings growing, MPA at 100 mg/l concentration induced root development (½ B5 medium), reduced height of shoots (MS medium), while the number of leaf blades was not affected