03.00.00 Biological sciences
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HELIANTHEMUM DAGHESTANICUM RUPR. PECULIARITIES OF ITS DISTRIBUTION AND PHYTOCENOTIC PLACEMENT
DescriptionIn the given work there is information about peculiarities of distribution and phytocenotic placement of the endemic of Dagestan flora Helianthemum daghestanicum Rupr. Twenty five locations of the species are detected and four of them are new ones. Altitude levels of its spreading are defined more accurately – 350 – 1750 m. It is notified that basic types of vegetation, where Sunrose Dagestanian can be met, are communities of mountainous xerophytes and mountain steppes with domination of Botriochloa ischaemum and Salvia canescens
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FEATURES OF DEVELOPMENT OF NATURAL SISTEMS AND AGRICULTURAL LANDSCAPES OF THE WESTERN AZOV
DescriptionWe know, that in the development of the natural ecosystems of the Western Priazovye its biomass predominates. This ensures the maximum protection from noticeable changes of habitat. Basic succession defining a significant shift of energy flow in the direction to increase of their expenditures to maintain forming populations determined by broad specialization of natural systems on ecological niches, and their individuals have rather small size, the life cycles of many of them are very simple and short. The coastal strip of the Azov Sea has been seriously degraded due to powerful recreational load, especially in the summer. Presumably one should expect an increased anthropogenic load on ecosystems of this area. Quite obvious is a regularity of overload agroecosystem which occupies the territory between the river and other water formations. The relatively low productivity of agricultural systems of the Eastern Azov is limited by number of factors, among which the main place is occupied with the moisture, nutrients and high weediness of sown areas
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Description
The article presents the results of three years of researches conducted at the Department of Viticulture of Kuban State Agrarian University, to study the processes of shoots and rooting of the three-bud cuttings of grapes of Pervenets Magaracha, Podarok Magaracha and Cytrony Magaracha of the selection of Magarach Institute of Grape and Wine. The area of these varieties, which are inter-specific hybrids, in the Krasnodar region is more than 2 thousands hectares. The cuttings were rooted in sawdust in a greenhouse on a heated rack. It was found, that the regenerative capacity of cuttings was strongly dependent on the method of their storage prior to installation on the germination. The best results were obtained in the case when cuttings had been stored in the refrigerator before starting the experiment. The lowest impact of the way to store cuttings was on the percentage of cuttings with blossoming eyes, and the largest - the length of the shoots, the output of the cuttings with at least 3 of the roots, and the average number of roots developed on one cutting. Rooting of cuttings and their growth with three and more roots were different over the years for the varieties of Pervenets Magaracha and Cytrony Magaracha, in favor of one sort or another, but the average 3-year difference between varieties was not significant. On average, in two or three years, the maximum number of roots appeared in the variety of Cytrony Magaracha, which was a bit ahead of Pervenets Magaracha. The difference in the number of cuttings formed at the roots was authentic. Correlation analysis showed that the closest relationship to the performance of the rooting ability of cuttings was found in the length of the shoots. The level and the nature of the identified correlations suggests that the rooting ability of the cuttings of the varieties of Pervenets Magaracha was determined primarily by hormonal activity, Podarok Magaracha by its supply of plastic substances, and Cytrony Magaracha had equally both factors
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FEATURES OF REGENERATIVE ABILITY IN CUTTINGS OF TECHNICAL VARIETIES OF BIANCO, VIORICA AND RITON
DescriptionThe article presents the results of three years of studies on regenerative processes in technical white one-bud cuttings of resistant varieties of grapes Bianca, Viorica and Riton. The studies were conducted in greenhouse experiments at the Department of Viticulture of Kuban State Agrarian University. It was found, that the cuttings of Viorica varieties had achieved the best ripening, and the worst was Bianca. Varieties of Viorica and Ryton which have rather good level of ripening of the cuttings, had starch in carbohydrates and Bianca variety had sugar. Earlier blooming of buds characterized the cuttings of Ryton. Blooming of the buds of Bianca somewhat delayed. Maximum length of the shoots characterized the cuttings of Bianca, and the lowest – Viorica. The shortest pre-root period (26.3 days) was observed in Ryton, and the longest (29.3 days) – in Bianca. Viorica was characterized by the highest yield of cuttings with 3 roots and more (81.3%), this indicator was a bit less (72.5%) for Ryton. For Bianca it was minimal and it was 26.3%. A similar pattern was observed for the average number of cuttings formed at the roots: the variety Viorica - 9.4 pc.,Ryton - 8.1 pc. and Bianca - 4.3 pc. Thus, cuttings of the varieties of Viorica and Ryton belong to a group with a very high root growing activity and Bianca has an average activity
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Description
The article presents the results of the research on the effect of processing cuttings grapes Moldova and Bianca by a growth regulator called Stimolant 66f (Stimolante 66f) on their regenerative properties, the yield and quality of seedlings. In Moldova grade, we tested three concentrations of the drug - 0.001; 0.01 and 0.1% and grade Bianca - five - - 0.001; 0.005; 0.01; 0.05 and 0.1%, compared to treatment with IAA (standard) or without treatment (control). It was found, that both types of processing cuttings with IAA led to the inhibition of blooming buds. Application of Stimolanta to both varieties accelerated blooming buds, and to the greatest extent on grade Bianca. On the variety Moldova, the processing cuttings with heteroauxin and Stimolant at 0.01 and 0.1% had an inhibitory effect on the growth of shoots, which survived to the end of the experiment. On the variety of Bianca, both the IAA and Stimolant at all concentrations of working solution contributed to a significant increase the length of the shoots. At grade Moldova, basal ends of cuttings treatment for 24 hours in solutions of Stimolanta at 0.01 and 0.1% concentration had the root-growing ability stimulated, enhanced the yield and quality of seedlings. In grade Bianca, better rooting of cuttings with 3 or more roots was observed in the variant of "Stimolant - 0.05%", and a greater number of roots were produced in the version of "Stimolant - 0.1%." In cuttings of varieties ofMoldova, Stimolant showed better results than the IAA in optimal concentrations, and grade Bianca had about the same results
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Description
The research results on regeneration activity of wilding cuttings of phylloxeraresistant varieties of grapes influenced by heteroauxin treatment are analysed in the article. The preliminary studies were held in All-Russian research institute of viticulture and wine-making of Ya.I. Potapenko using cuttings of 3 grape varieties – Berlandieri x Riparia Cober 5bb, Riparia x Rupestris 101-14 and Berlandieri x Riparia CO-4. The cuttings were soaked during 48 hours in 0,005 % heteroauxin and were implanted in sand in adjustable conditions of temperature, humidity and aeration. In 2012-2013 experiments were continued in Kuban State Agrarian University. The varieties Gravesak, RSB and Berlandieri x Riparia Teleki 5C were added to the experiment. Three-items buds were shooted in damp steamed sawdust in a film hothouse. In preliminary researches application of heteroauxin has allowed to increase root-growing by 20,3-40,0 %. The greatest increase of root-growing (40 %) was observed on variety СО-4, that is characterized by the weakest potential rhizogenesis activity, and the least (20,3 %) on control variety Cober 5 bb. Next researches show that treatment of cuttings basal ends by 0,01 % heteroauxin activated their regeneration process, that was expressed in: increase in sprouts length – variety 5 C, 101-14 and Gravesak by 23,1- 157,6 %; increasing of cuttings root-growing from 16,7 % on variety 5C to 60,0 % on variety Cober 5 bb, the quantity of cuttings with not fewer of 3 roots from accordingly 13,0 % to 54,7 %; increasing of roots from 0,7 on variety СО-4 to 2,7 on variety 101-14 or in 1,7-2,7 times. The application of heteroauxin on variety RSB did not show positive results, because of the variety peculiarities
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Description
The article is dedicated to the features of the correlations between the indicators of shoot and root growth ability of grape cuttings varieties of Moldova and Vostorg of different lengths, under the influence of the processing them with Norwegian growth regulator - Radix plus. We have found that in the control variants on both varieties there are fairly close correlation connections between the number of shoots, their length and the degree of blooming buds. However, in the advanced options the character of the relationship between these parameters depends on the varietal characteristics manifested in the potential root activity cuttings. For Moldova cuttings which are characterized by high root activity, the use of Radix plus led to some strengthening of the correlations, and for Vostorg (with the weak activity of rooting of cuttings) - to decreasing of the correlations. This fact may indicate that the negative effects of growth regulators on the activity of endogenous hormones in the cuttings of Vostorg varieties, which explains the decrease of rooting of longer cuttings. Processing the cuttings of Moldova with Radix plus led to increasing in the frequency and extension of the correlations between shoot and root growth ability of cuttings. For Vostorg, on the contrary, the use of Radix plus led to the weakening of these connections. The reason for this phenomenon, as is the case with figures of shoot growth ability may be a change in the activity of the endogenous phytohormone influenced by exogenous auxin. Character of correlations identified between indicators of root growth ability of cuttings shows that rooting depends primarily on the hormonal activity of cuttings, number of roots - on cuttings plastic substances, and the yield of cuttings with 3 roots and more - on both of these points
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FEATURES OF PATHOLOGICAL CONDITION OF URBAN PLANTS IN VORONEZH
DescriptionThe comparative analysis of the condition of green plantings of the city of Voronezh is carried out. The objective differences in the pathogenesis of native and introduced species of forest plants are identified
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Description
The article discusses the features of the pathogenesis of micromycetes Gibellina cerealis Pass. on winter wheat
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ESTIMATION OF BIODEGRADATION AND BIO-CORROSION OF MATERIALS IN NATURAL ENVIRONMENTS
DescriptionThe article analyzes the problems that arise when evaluating biodegradation of materials, items, structures and products in natural environments.. The causes of biodegradations are revealed