03.00.00 Biological sciences
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Description
Oil products are among the most widespread pollutants of objects of environment. Near Maikop in 2008 the large center of black oil pollution was formed. This site became the range for studying of consequences of black oil pollution of soils and water objects under natural conditions. In the real work stages of a recultivation of the soils polluted by fuel oil on a site in Maikop are described. Results of application of a biological preparation Destroil for cleaning of reservoirs are considered. The obtained data allowed to draw a conclusion, that the application of the bacterial preparation Deystroil promoted decomposition of oil products before chemically neutral connections both in the soil, and in water objects
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THE USING LOCAL NATURAL ORIGIN FORAGE RESOURCES IN COMPOUNDS OF BROILER CHICKENS
DescriptionUsing of compound feeds in broiler feed additives of plant resources, activates body's biological functions. This increases productivity and gives an ability to make environmentally friendly products. These local plants feed additives contributing to enrich animal feed with active ingredients include flour from nettle and Caspian marine algae. This article is devoted to studying the composition of nettle from the different locations of growth in Dagestan Republic and also, to determine the effectiveness of the use of nettle flour individually and to how implement it with the seaweeds flour in feeds of broiler chickens instead of herbal flour. The studies showed that nettle from a foothill zone in the flowering period exceeds slightly the nettle from mountain zone on the content of dry matter-1.19 % of protein-0.09 % and exchange energy 0.77 kcal/100g. Nettle meal from mountainous zone also inferiors the foothills in the energy value to 6.81 kcal/100 g. The inclusion of 2% feed meal nettle, 3% seaweed either alone or in combination of 2% instead of+3% of alfalfa grass meal resulted increasing broilers’ body weight 4,60-8,95% betterment survival to2,8-5,70%, increasing muscle output at 0,56-2,54% compared with the control group. The protein content and the amount of essential amino acids in the thoracic muscle in the test group was to 0.97-2.74%andto1,68- 2,11%, respectively, higher than the control. There was a significant increasing iodine in thoracic muscles of experimental groups 119,6-166,07% relative to control. Based on the results of the research, it is recommended to include 2% of feed meal nettle and 3% from algae instead of 4% grass meal of alfalfa to improve the productivity and biological value of broiler meat and 1 % of cereals
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APPLICATION OF GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION SYSTEMS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING OF OIL AND GAS COMPLEX
DescriptionThe methods of using geographic information systems in solving problems of monitoring of oil spills are investigated. We have proposed the model of geographic information system for monitoring, forecasting, and oil spill response
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Description
This article presents the results of testing IRAP DNA markers Cass1 and Cass2 applied to Prunus spinosa. The findings suggest the high perspectiveness of their using for the study of genetic diversity of the gene pool of this species. According to the results of the analysis of the sample 12 genotypes were identified from 6 to 13 fragments in the spectrum of Cass1 and from 5 to 11 fragments for Cass2. As a result of cluster analysis in the sample formed three groups of samples. In one of the groups, which is most distant from the other two, includes samples taken in Ukraine, while the remaining two groups included samples from Armenia, the Krasnodar region region, the Republic of Adygea, Ukraine and Moldova, and three cultural large-fruited form. The distribution of samples in clusters corresponded to their geographical origin that favors the objective assessment of genetic distances between the samples using Cass1 and Cass2 markers. Thus, it was concluded that the prospects of using DNA markers to study the genetic diversity within a species of Prunus spinosa
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Description
This article discusses the use of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy for the determination of biologically active substances-producing plants in the culture of in vitro and in situ. The same is said about the benefits of obtaining biologically active substances from plants in culture in vitro. Formulated a number of problems for theoretical study and experimental development basic principles on the use of nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy in pharmaceutical analysis for standardization and quality assessment of BAS
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THE APPLICATION OF EXOGENOUS ELICITORS IN AGRICULTURE
DescriptionIn recent years, there is an increasing in crop losses from pests and diseases of plants worldwide. The use of different pesticides in intensive cultivation technologies of winter wheat can not resist it. Pathogenic microorganisms acquire resistance to drugs used and become more aggressive. This creates a lot of environmental problems. Plants are almost always under environmental stress. In this state, they are immunodeficient. However, it is impossible to reject pesticides completely. But pesticides are not able to replace the immune system of the plant, and in some cases are suppressing it. The article provides an overview of commonly used exogenous elicitors. We discuss the most important results of the joint use of the composition of preparations of eliciting action which are furolan and methionine. The present level of development of science has led to the emergence of new methods of plant protection, which is based on increasing the capacity of the immune plants, rather than the destruction of pathogens, as in the case of the use of pesticides. The yield increase by the use of biogenic elicitors as immunizers from 10 to 30% depending on the year, the varieties of plants and especially on infectious pathogens. The elicitors are used for soil treatment, seed soaking and plants, spraying the plants during the vegetation
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Description
Sunflower is one of the most important oilseed crops, which are of great economic importance in Russia and in the world. It is very adaptive crop in terms of climatic conditions range, for that reason it is cultivated on a vast territory of the Russian Federation in various weather conditions. Sunflower oil has high nutritional and taste qualities, it is used numerously in food and is applied in various fields of food industry. The biologically active linoleic acid, phosphatides and fat-soluble vitamins A, D, E and K, which are of great nutritional value to humans, are contained in the oil. According to its calorific capacity, sunflower oil is on the first place among vegetable oils. Due to biological characteristics of sunflower, the Krasnodar region is the most favorable region of the Russian Federation for obtaining high and stable yields of this crop. However, here the drought is observed during the summer period and it affects adversely the productivity and quality of sunflower seeds. The increasing of resistance to unfavorable weather conditions is possible only based on detailed study of physiological features of productivity formation and seeds quality that is highly important task in view of the current geopolitical situation in Russia. One way of solving this issue is the appliance of the growth regulators, possessing anti-stress activity that improve the quality of sowing seeds and increase the productivity and plant resistance to stressful environmental factors. These drugs include growth regulator called Furolan, which was created in KubGTU and is certified for use in Russia. It is not toxic and is used in nano-dozes, there is no its residual quantities in the products and environment. Furolan has a positive effect on physiological and biochemical processes, improves the productivity of plants, their resistance to unfavorable growing conditions by increasing the resistance to dehydration as well as to the risk of fungal diseases
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PROBLEMS OF DEVELOPMENT OF COM-POUND COMPOST
DescriptionCompound compost during its formation involving organic and mineral wastes retains the organic matter by reducing its degradation products with nitrifying and denitrifying organisms due to its economical ex-penditure of phosphorus and calcium, increased am-monia and total nitrogen, formation in the process of development of calcium sulfate with participation in its formation of residue calcium salt and ammonia
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Description
The article provides the analysis of the most relevant causes for premature weeding of the experimental training farm “Kuban” (KSAU) cows’ basic herd and other farms of the Krasnodar region
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PAINTINGS IN TEACHING THE DISCIPLINE OF "GENETIC MONITORING"
DescriptionThe article deals with the use of paintings as illustrative and analytical material in the course of "Genetic monitoring", like sections of "Human Genetics", "Epigenetics". Using the paintings of great artists as the visual material in the learning process performs several tasks: analytical, informational and resourcefu