05.00.00 Technical science
-
Description
The article is devoted to actual problems of ecological monitoring of conditions of small rivers in the North Caucasus and southern Russia. We are giving here the results of researches of natural and economic conditions and the current state of the river Nalchik near the city of Nalchik, which is typical for many small rivers. The materials of engineering researches and inspections of the territory of the urbanized areas of the river are brought with the detailed analysis of the results of the destroyed and broken areas. We describe the causes of the destruction of man-made protective and regulatory structures and the factors of their impact on the water protecting coastal zone and the hydrological regime of rivers. The effective method of regulation of short sites of the small rivers with use of groins and flexible biopositive nature protection technologies is offered. According to the complex research effective measures to improve the ecological state of the rivers on the example of Nalchik are offered. The rationale for the development of environmental monitoring in all urbanized coastal zones of small rivers and their cadastral registration is made. The main findings of the analytical and experimental research on different areas specific to the small rivers of the North Caucasus and southern Russia are brought here
-
THE NEED FOR THE USE OF RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES
DescriptionThe article reveals main reasons for developing tendencies to the using of new types of energy, which are limited supply of traditional fuels and environmental problems associated with its processing. It is shown that new forms of energy plays an important role in the energy supply of many countries of the world, and in the future they can become the main sources of energy to meet the growing needs of the global economy. We reveal main reasons of the increasing interest in renewable energy, and we show the obvious prospects of their use, due to two factors. First, according to experts, the global reserves of traditional fuels are limited, and secondly, this was evidenced by the investments of leading countries in this promising industry. The article lists reasons for the need for the use of renewable energy sources in Russia. Increased consumption of natural resources has become a real threat to the security of the life of human society. The basis of solving modern social and environmental problems is a transition to a regulated process of safe use of natural energy potential to meet the vital needs of people not only in the coming decades, but in the long run. It is concluded, that the determining condition for the development of the human civilization at present and in the future would be the level of natural resources which ensures the needs of the population without making harm to the environment
-
Description
The article presents a technical diagnostics of a car as a complex of goals and tasks connected with trouble-shooting of mechanisms and systems in order to eliminate them. We have considered the stages of computer diagnostics of different automobile systems such as diagnosing the engine, the brake system, steering and suspension. We have analyzed their components, the ways of troubleshooting and elimination recommendations. The article presents the main troubles transferred from the electronic control unit. The article also presents the stages of diagnosing the engine including external examination, listening to abnormal noises, checking the operating fluids and the engine management system, diagnosing the basic engine systems and checking the cylinders being filled. The article contains the list of main troubles and their reasons. One can also see diagnosing the brake system, its defects and remedies. The article presents diagnostics and repair of the suspender and graphics describing the check of the dismantled shock strut at the stand and tests of the shock strut without being dismantled. We have analyzed computer diagnostics and the problems it solves
-
Description
The main reason of the developmental delay of the RF livestock sector below the level of its inherent potential capacity is a detrimental alteration in methodological procedure of livestock and poultry management, occurring due to shortage of traditional feeds. As a result, a necessity to develop the yearlong production of additional fodders, allowing for balanced feeding throughout the year, arose. The method of hydroponic green fodder (HGF) cultivation meets these requirements. Analysis of HGF production methods and labor saver mechanisms makes possible to claim that existing systems are characterized by high costs and difficulties in fabrication, and require a number of additional mechanical devices to work. In the FSBEI HE “KSMTU”, a one-tier hydroponic system has been developed, fitted with curved (arched) guideways and rigid elastic load-carrying components, where loading of seeds and takeout of grown HGF occur by gravity without additional devices of labour input. Based on analysis performed on design features of the proposed system, it has been established that emergence of parametric resonances in the system under consideration is possible; and the study of tray dynamical stability has been carried out with the aim to prevent them. The motion of the hydroponic system tray under consideration is described by the classical Mathieu equation, including two parameters a and q. The further studies of sets of stable and unstable solutions in the plane of a and q parameters are presented by the Ince-Strutt diagram. As a result of the performed calculations, the diameter of the loadcarrying component was identified (d=5 mm), which should ensure reliable working capacity and stability of the hydroponic system in whole
-
STRUCTURE AND CONTENTS OF A DECISION SUPPORT SYSTEM IN THE PREFERENTIAL MEDICINAL MAINTENANCE SPHERE
DescriptionAccording to the Federal Law "On state social assistance" of 17 July 1999 ( 178-FL), the medicaleconomic preferential drugs prescription control (MEC) is considered to be one of the tools for improving the management activity by enhancing the information efficiency and reliability at all management levels in the health care hierarchical structure. MEC is one of the medical care quality examination forms. Theoretical and applied research of system linkages and regularities of the MEC process functioning is a relevant direction of information technologies development in medicine. The importance of application of system analysis methods to the health care sphere consists in the development of new and the improvement of existing methods and analysis tools, data processing and management of complex automation systems of medical and economic drugs prescription validity control (MEC) planning. The developed decision support system (DSS) includes the MEC information system as basic and the ABC / VEN-analysis subsystem, implemented as a standalone application. The interaction between the DSS modules is provided by the unified exchange formats of preferential recipes data. At the same time, the MEC information system and ABC / VEN-analysis subsystem could be the most effective tools as an integral part of situational centers
-
Description
The article presents the criteria for evaluating the integration of researchers in the scientific community, based on an analysis of its citations. It is known, that one of the major components of interscientific communication (communication in the scientific community) is a citation of scientific publications (monographs, articles, etc.). According to the sociological approach, a scientist is a part of society, ie, scientific community; under scientific community we understand scientific mega environment (opposed to research groups of institutions and their structural units). Integration of a researcher to the community has many aspects: on the one hand, it is - the importance of his work to the scientific community, on the other hand, it is - the use of a scientist social mega environment for building for their personal and professional development to improve their research and improve the quality of its results (in the context of the article we will consider the second aspect). Methodological bases of the research: systematic, competence, sociological, and mega-system qualimetric approaches. Methods: modeling, methods of quality control, methods of set theory, relations and graphs. Evaluation (diagnostics) involvement of scientists in the scientific community - is more complicated metrology task than the evaluation of the significance of the results of its research activities. For the authors it is clear that a mature scientist (with a high level of research competence) should intensively use the potential of the social and the cultural science international environment (community) for their personal and professional development, to improve the efficiency of this research activities and the quality of this results. The proposed indicators can be considered as group indicator variables reflecting the level of the behavioral component of the research competence (scientist). Using social media for researcher’s potential – it is necessary, but not sufficient condition for productive research, producing goodquality scientific results. In this situation, negative prognosis is more significant: poor use of social media for researcher’s potential – is a "guarantee" for low productivity of this research activities and the low quality of this results. Only the combination of the highest levels of readiness for research (research competence) with high levels of other competences (as a whole - the social and professional competence, implying the presence of the professional skills of selforganization) can be the factors of successful research
-
ENERGY PERFORMANCE OF MACHINES FOR SOIL CULTIVATION
DescriptionCurrently a significant proportion of the cost of agricultural production is energy costs. Therefore, considerable attention is paid to energy and resource saving equipment and technology. In this regard, the role and importance of the energy assessment of machines, allowing determining not only the power characteristics of the power, but fuel consumption per unit of cultivated area or per unit of output. Conducting energy assessment of machines and equipment reduces the economic and labor costs, at the expense of more detailed and optimal selection of machines and units for performing certain manufacturing operations in agricultural production. In the article we describe energy evaluation of different tillage agricultural machinery aimed at determining energy consumption when executing the set of technological operations machines and equipment on the operation modes set by the standards under which stable the operations are performed. The use of the results of energy assessments on traction characteristics of agricultural machines and tractors will allow getting the maximum effect when performing technological operations. In turn, the lack of monitoring of key energy performance of cars during their operation leads to a partial use, which increases costs
-
MATHEMATICAL SOFTWARE FOR DETECTING CONFIDENTIAL DATA IN ELECTRONIC DOCUMENTS
DescriptionIn the article, we develop the software for process of confidential data detection based on the knowledge bases technology. The algorithm of detection of confidential data in the electronic documents transferred outbound of protected information system, due to application of linguistic technologies of the thorough text analysis is presented. The estimation of computing complexity of the developed algorithm is made up. The developed data structures and algorithm are realized in the programming language C++. Results of the experiments, confirmed workability of the developed algorithm are presented. The performed experimental researches of the developed algorithm have shown its practical applicability. The estimation of quality of confidential data detection is made up. The obtained estimations of detection quality have shown, that the developed structures of data and algorithm provide more effective and qualitative solution of problems of the confidential information detection in electronic documents, at due to application of knowledge bases technology where the subject domain of the analyzed information is considered. Distinctive feature of the developed algorithm of confidential data detection is the use of rapid access to hashed concept ontographs simultaneous implementation of knowledge base rules, which allows raising indicators of completeness and accuracy of detection. A scope of application of the developed software is the protection frames of the information intended for revealing of an information transfer containing data of confidential character in electronic documents outbound of protected information system with violation of security policy
-
APPLICATION OF EMF SHF IN PROCESSING TECHNOLOGIES FOR VEGETABLE MATERIAL AND SECONDARY RESOURCES
DescriptionThe article analyzes the proprietary methods of processing of vegetable raw materials and secondary resources with the use of electromagnetic fields (EMF SHF). Analysis of the database of Rospatent World Intellectual Property Organization led to the conclusion that EMF SHF used in the processing of vegetable raw materials in the following processes: drying, reduction of microbial contamination (decontamination), juice production and extraction. It is established that the application of EMF SHF is the most effective in preparation for drying a plant raw material and not directly at the stage of drying, thus reducing the loss of heat-labile active compound in the drying process, and therefore obtain a finished product of higher quality and nutritional value. The patented methods of extraction of vegetable raw materials extraction process performed that extracting directly EMF SHF does not allow pre-hold inactivate enzymes contained in the raw material and lead to undesirable oxidative and hydrolytic processes, and hence a decrease in the yield of extractable substances in the extract and the deterioration of its quality . Therefore, as in the case of drying plant material, EMF SHF can be more effectively used in preparation for an extraction process. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that the relevance of developments in the field of technologies of processing of vegetable raw materials and secondary resources using EMF SHF at the stage of their preparation for such basic processes - drying, extraction, etc.
-
MODERN WAYS OF INULIN PRODUCTION FROM PLANT MATERIALS
DescriptionThe article presents the results of the patent research in the field of modern production technologies of Inulin from plant material. It has been established that the differences of the currently known methods of production of inulin are concluded in selecting raw materials pretreatment inulin-containing modes type extractant and extraction methods, methods of purification inulincontaining extract and methods for producing the final product. A significant amount of Inulin production methods is based on use of freshly feedstock. A number of methods have been patented involving the extraction Inulin from plant raw materials previously stabilized by drying. In most of the methods, inulin extraction is carried out at elevated temperatures with water or aqueous salt solutions. Several technologies involve extraction with organic solvents at low temperatures. Have been patented several processes in which the extraction is replaced by a separation process using inulincontaining juice and physical and mechanical methods. Some of the known processes provide for the extraction process to further operations, such as blanching vegetable raw materials, sonication, vibration impact, processing enzymes. The most promising direction to improve manufacturing technology of inulin from fresh plant raw materials is to conduct research on the use of electromagnetic fields at microwave frequencies, the inactivating effects of which on enzyme systems is an established fact that, in turn, would eliminate the use of chemical agents for inactivation of oxidative enzymes. In addition, considering that more effective are the methods for the preparation of inulin from freshly harvested plant material, are relevant researches on development of innovative technologies to prepare it for storage and its storage, which will provide inhibition of unwanted biochemical and microbiological processes that occur during storage and lead to a loss of inulin