06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article reviews the results of studies of adaptive properties of the hybrid corn of different groups of maturity at the background of anthropogenic factors. It discusses the practical application of research results in order to maximize grain yields from 1 ha, environmentally friendly products (including at cultivation of corn on the protected areas), economically viable crop with maximum return on investment, as well as the possibility of extensive corn cultivation technology with limited material resources-money producers
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
Results of morphobiological analysis of productivity and adaptivity of corn collections samples of ARRI named by N.I. Vavilov to the concrete ecological Conditions. More than 60 samples ( varieties, hybrids, self-pollinating lines) concerning to the different Subspecies are casted.
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
This article discusses the adaptive nature of the correlations between the elements and sub-elements of the productivity of main spike of the F1, and F2 hybrids, constant breeding lines (F3, F4) and parental varieties. We have shown the possibility to determine the individual components of spike productivity with a selective advantage in the selection of winter wheat on the adaptability and efficiency in the conditions of the region
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THE INCREASE OF SWEET CORN COBS YIELD DUE TO NITROGEN FERTILIZERS AND STRAW MULCHING OF ROW SPACING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The research about effectiveness of ammonium nitrate with sowing and in phase of corn 5-6 leaves and row spacing cultivation before straw mulching was done in 2011-2013. The scheme of trial included the variants with straw mulching and without it. The variants without fertilizers and with small doses of them on background without mulching gave higher yield of cobs milk maturity then with mulching. But variants with maximum fertilizers (with sowing N30 and in phase of corn 5-6 leaves N30) gave maximum yield of cobs milk maturity 16,4 t/ha that is higher then similar variant without mulching for 1,7 t/ha. These results were confirmed by analysis of characters of growth and development of corn plants, productivity, and economic effectiveness. Therefore, net profit on variant with fertilizers with sowing N30 and additional fertilizing N30 on background of straw mulching increased for 75490 rubles for 1 ha in comparison with similar variant without mulching. The profitability on the best variant was 335 %
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article presents a study of acclimatization characteristics and the effectiveness in the use of Holstein black-and-white cattle imported from Germany, Denmark and the USA under the conditions of the Central Non-Black Soil Area of Russia. The analysis shows that the imported animals are exposed to a number of stress factors that often cause the diseases and serious losses of cattle. The main reasons for the losses of heifers were the pathologies of the reproductive organs and the mammary gland (26,3%), locomotor system and distal extremities (15%), respiratory organs (21,2%), etc. The highest-producing dairy cows were those imported from the USA (9158 kg of milk throughout the first lactation). For the yield of milk, they are superior to animals imported from Germany in 1828 kg (P≥0,999) and those imported from Denmark in 1184 kg (P≥0,999). The average American Holsteins’ milk over a 305-day lactation is higher in fat (4,14%) than that of their German (in 0,28%) and Danish (in 0,21%) counterparts (P≥0,999). The same tendency is observed in the protein content in the milk
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ACROPOLIS - NEWEST WINE WHITE BERRY AROMATIC GRAPE VARIETY
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The newest aromatic wine white berry grape variety Acropolis was breeded by hybridization at the Athens Institute of Viticulture (Likovrisi, Greece) by professors P.Zamanidi and L.Troshinym in 2006 by crossing the Greek variety Kidonitsa with European Riesling. According to the morphological and physiological characteristics it is related to the eco-geographical group of Black Sea. Strong growth of shoots (2,1-3,0 m). Degree of ripening vines is very high: over the entire length, except for the top. Length of production period 146-155 days. High yield 25-30 t / ha. Average weight of cluster is 360 g. Characterized by high resistance to cold, drought and increased resistance to fungal diseases in comparison with common varieties of Vitis vinifera L. Flower is androgynous. Bunch is medium, conical, medium density. Berry is medium, spherical, greenish-yellow color with a thick waxy coating. Cuticle of medium thickness, dense, durable. Pulp and juice are with pronounced varietal type taste of Riesling. Sugar content is very high: up to 24% more. Bunches of variety Acropolis continuously stored in the bushes. Variety is intended for manufacturing dry white wines of excellent grade and high-quality sparkling wines, dessert and sweet wines, suitable for production of high quality aromatic juices
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ACTUALIZATION OF USING MATHEMATICAL MODELS IN APPLE-TREE SELECTION ON THE GIVEN SIGNS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
There was shown the possibility of assessment of hybrid apple-tree posterity on relation to the drought with the help of mathematical modeling. There was worked out the mathematical model of prognosis character on assessment of apple-tree genotypes to the given stressor. There were offered ways of optimization of hybrid posterity selection conducting in modern selection programs
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ACTUAL PROBLEMS IN ORGANIZATION OF FEEDING IN MODERN CONDITIONS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
Modern pig farming is a leading global livestock industry, but the organization of adequate balanced feeding is actual for the industry. Digestibility of metabolizable energy of feed depends on various factors, including the content of non-starch polysaccharides, which have a negative effect on the digestibility of key nutrients of the feed, lead to a decrease in growth rate and conversion efficiency of nutrients. Enzyme preparations which composition generally includes Xylanase, cellulase, β-glucanase activities, may avoid the negative impact of non-starch polysaccharides. Today's promising preparation that combines the functions of two feed additives - feed enzyme and probiotic, is an enzyme preparation Cellobacterin that, due to the particular organization of the enzyme complex, increases the digestibility of barley grain and effectively effects on sunflower meal. As a probiotic preparation it inhibits the development of pathogenic microorganisms and promotes the formation of beneficial microflora in the digestive tract. The introduction of Cellobacterin enzyme preparation into the compound feed with a high content of barley grain and sunflower meal increases the body weight of young pigs by 4.8% and reduces the cost of feed per 1 kg of live weight gain. The results of hematological studies found no significant deviations from the physiological norm in the morphological picture of the blood in experimental animals. The group, where Cellobacterin was added, showed higher vitamin A content by 2.8% as compared to the control, while vitamin E is found in both groups on the same level. Based on the results of the research to improve the productivity and growth rate in compound feed based on barley and sunflower meal with higher fiber content, it is recommended to include in the compound feed Cellobacterin enzyme preparation at the rate of 1 kg per 1 ton of feed
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ALLELOPATHIC PROPERTIES OF WEEDS AND THEIR PLANT-RGB MOD IN MINERALIZATION
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article presents the data of the degree of allelopa-thy-optical activity of extracts from the aerial parts, roots and rhizosphere of weeds, which is manifested in the inhibition of germination of winter wheat. Rusty-negative balances of cockle and wild oats, containing cellulose and decomposing slower, depress the test-culture of winter wheat after mineralization within 30 days
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
At the contaminated by Аmbrosia artemisiifolia fields, a mineral food increase promotes decrease in productivity of sunflower in a greater degree
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