07.00.00 Historical sciences
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Description
The topic is «The role of national intelligence in the incorporation of the North Caucasus in the Russian geopolitical space at the end of XIX century – the 1920s (by materials of Adyghe people)». The article is made in the framework of regional competition: «North Caucasus: tradition and modernity» 2014. – Krasnodar region. 14-11-23007 the type of project «A (P)» The topic is «The role of national intelligence in the incorporation of the North Caucasus in the Russian geopolitical space at the end of XIX century – the 1920s (by materials of Adyghe people)».Formation of the Soviet national local history through adyghe intelligentsia began in 20-ies. The active participation of the twentieth century intellectuals in the regional movement was caused and anxiety for the fate of cultural heritage and culture in general, and the changes in the conditions of work and life. Everywhere there were different forms of organization and scale of local history, which set themselves common objectives: a comprehensive study native land, to disseminate knowledge about the homeland of the people. The study region was closely connected with the identification, collection, accounting, protection and use of a variety of historical and cultural monuments. "Golden Age" of the national local lore came in the first post-revolutionary decade. During this period, the efforts of national intelligence unified both within the local history organizations and leading independent research has done a great organization, research served as the basis for further research activities. There was intense accumulation of sources, there were papers on various subjects of national history, attempts writing generalizing works, establish cooperation with the regional and central and local history research organizations
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CONSERVATIVE RUSSIAN PUBLIC IN THE STRUGGLE FOR 1864 COURT REFORMS BASES REVISION
DescriptionMain stages of Imperial Russia court system evolution in the light of 1864 reforms were covered and the content of public discussions on the problems of Russian legislature development was interpreted
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Description
The reasons for the development of Protestantism in the South of Russia in the late XIX - early XX centuries are discussed in this article. Standpattism is spreading among the population of southern Russia. The ranks of the Protestants were replenished with the social strata associated with the development of capitalist relations in town and village. The emergence and development of Protestantism is an important feature of capitalization and Europeanization of Russia. By the beginning of XX century the Baptists are widely distributed throughout the South of Russia. In the late XIX - early XX century the process of converting from Orthodoxy to Protestantism of Cossacks was observed in the South of Russia. The article also researches Russian Protestantism – the old belief. In 1883 it became possible the old believers' worship. Russian Protestantism gained almost full rights
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Description
The article investigates the processes of transformation of the traditional spiritual and socio-political culture of the rural population of the Kuban in the socialist modernization time in 1950-1980's
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SOURCES AND METHODS OF THEIR PROCESSING IN THE WORKS OF KHANGIREY
DescriptionThe article is devoted to source base of Khan-Girey works. Two types of the sources used by Khan-Girey are allocated: historical and historiographic. In its turn, historical sources are conditionally subdivided in written, material and sources of the oral origin. The relation of Khan-Girey to the problem of reliability of sources, the responsibility of authors on the provided data are considered. It is concluded, that in the works of Khan-Girey oral sources are predominant, all others, including historiographical, act as subsidaries. It is emphasized, that in this period there were only oral sources, came from the Adyghe environment, all the others were the evidences of other cultures. The relation of Khan-Girey to folklore as to a historical source is revealed. We have identified other types of oral sources, such as personal knowledge and KhanGirey memories, and eyewitness evidences. The analysis of the working methods of Khan-Girey with historiographical sources is carried out. At the end of the article, the conclusion is made that the source base of Khan-Girey works, for objective reasons, is limited, although the use of most sources, found by him, were confirmed in historiography
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THE HISTORY OF THE FEMINIST MOVEMENT IN EGYPT: GENESIS AND MODERN TENDENCIES
DescriptionThe article analyzes the complex and contradictory process of feminism in the Islamic cultural space on the example of Egypt. The author analyzes feminism as ideological and political of the movement women's equality phenomenon. We study the Genesis of the feminist movement in Egypt; reveal its social-economic causes and historical roots. In the article we consider the main problems associated with the status of Muslim women in the coverage of the largest Muslim educators and reformers of the previous century. It is proved that the movement for women emancipation in the Arab world was the movement of the upper layers of society, initiated by men. In the course of study a new historiographical material (mainly of translated character) was revealed and introduced into the scientific circulation which contributed to the study of a number of insufficiently studied problems
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Description
The historical experience of specialist staff training for rural areas in our country is invaluable for the countries in which differences between urban and rural areas there still exist. Rural development is unthinkable without the active work of the rural literate. In this article, we consider this process in Chechen-Ingush Republic in 1966-1975. There is a rapid growth in number of knowledge workers in the rural areas there. Chechen-Ingush State University dominated in the process of qualified staff training for non-agricultural occupations for the village. 7 Faculties functioned there, where, at the end of the period, 5,000 students studied. Half of them were the national staff. They were trained by qualified highereducation teaching personnel. The following material and technical conditions were available for normal training: a hostel for 1480 people, a canteen, and a library with a huge book collection. Every year, a large number of teachers from a number of regions of the Russian Federation arrived in the republic. For rural people, admission to universities of the country was facilitated. As a result of work done, within two fiveyear periods universities of CHIASSR prepared 16.9 thousand highly qualified specialists, most of whom were directed to work in rural areas. Scope of training of specialists with secondary education for the village was widened. As a result of performed work, staff scarcity for trained specialist decreased in rural areas
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HISTORIC DESTINIES OF A. WEISMANN’S THEORY AND MICHURINIST AGROBIOLOGY
DescriptionThe article analyzes the historical significance of Weismann’s and Michurin’s Agrobiology in the development of biological sciences. We have identified the important role outlined in this article, the main provisions of Weismannism as an integral part of modern biology. The article shows the failure of Michurin’s Agrobiology, in which the conclusion was drawn on the possibility and necessity of inheritance of acquired trades. The method of analysis and synthesis (descriptive, historical-chronological, retrospective) has been executed
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Description
The offered article considers one of key problems of the Soviet history. It is an activity of governing bodies of the national economy in the period of the New Economic Policy in separately taken region — the Republic of Kalmykia. As a result of a research it is shown how archival materials and separate types of sources are used in studying of the designated problems, how the revealed sources interact between themselves in research works. The publication of new archival documents and their variety demonstrate that the new milestone begins in studying problems of governing bodies. It is connected not so much with specific updating of documents as with change of a technique of the analysis. The main attention begins to be paid to subjective factors and circumstances. In this regard further development of source base in studying of system of governing bodies in Kalmykia will be defined by modern ideas of the place and a role of the historical document in understanding of the past
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ISLAMIC LAW IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE
DescriptionThe article is devoted to the problem of formation and development of Islamic law in the Ottoman Empire. In the beginning of the article, the author considers the ratio between Sharia and customary law in the legal system of the Ottoman Empire and reveals that the basis of customary law is the right of the Turks. Furthermore, the author highlights the main legal institutions of the state, and analyzes legal acts that appeared during the reign of the sultans Muhammad al-Fatih, Selim I, Suleiman I, Ahmad I and Abd alHamid. Then the author analyzes the features of Islamic law of the Ottoman Empire, identifies features of the contractual relationship, matrimonial and criminal law. Compares the rights of Muslims and non-Muslims, and reveals that the latter were divided into two categories: zimmi and musta’man, identifying legal privileges of each of them. At the end of the article, the author makes a conclusion about the continuity of the various legal acts of the Ottoman Empire, the crown of which is al-Majalla, some of the provisions, which has not lost its relevance in our time