09.00.00 Philosophic sciences
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REALISM AND THE ANTHROPOLOGICAL PRINCIPLE IN RUSSIAN PHILOSOPHY
DescriptionThe anthropologism is traditionally considered the main feature of Russian philosophy. The article reviews some anthropological ideas that have received natural development in such direction of thought as philosophical realism in the 2nd part of XIX century. Philosophical realism is positioned as a trend that has emerged within the mainstream of the basic traditions of Russian philosophy. It is noted that this direction is defined as an independent, in the wake of the strengthening of Russian science as a new cognitive paradigm. Substantively, philosophical realism is presented with the theories and concepts of the natural sciences developed in the 2nd part of XIX century. The realistic outlook, ripening in the Science environment, not only supported the anthropological tradition of Russian thought but put them on a scientific basis. It was dominated by the view that only by using scientific methods can reveal the objective laws of coexistence between man, nature and society. The article deals with the anthropological theories of Russian thinkers such as A.N. Radishchev, A.I. Galich, N.G. Chernyshevsky. The anaysis shows that realistic outlook in the natural sciences in the area of human theory relies on the principles of integrity, panmoralizm, cosmism. The conclusion is that the philosophical concepts by realistic scientists are out of attention of modern scholars. In the meantime, the study of these theories can make a significant contribution to the practical experience of comprehension of reality, as well as help to discover new sides of the domestic, national philosophy
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ERICH FROMM’S INTERPRETATION OF MASS MAN DESTRUCTIVENESS
DescriptionThis article reviews interpretative position of prominent German philosopher and psychologist Erich Fromm on mass men destructiveness analysis. As a rule, to reach a goal of well-balanced embedding into consumer society structure, mass man passes through stages of deindividualization and common averaging by accepting prescribed general postulates of society’s authorities. Nevertheless, own personality refusal and ‘rules of the game’ following adduct to moral degradation, which causes destructiveness phenomenon. Out of socio-political regimen, destructiveness appears in attempts of ‘freedom escape’ by any possible means. Totalitarian regimen ideologically steers mass men through total subjection to defined life track by agreement of individuality sacrifice. Democratically-minded consumer societies require deindividualization and partly rights pinching in exchange of status consumption system integration. Any patterns of counteraction to these system processes are commenced by personal activity manifestation and motivation in reaching own goals. However, conformist majority is meant to live according to ideologically defined society rules
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THE IDENTITY OF PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION AS THE SUPREME DESTINATION OF THEIR BECOMING
DescriptionThe article solves a problem of correlation of different forms of cognition such as philosophy and religion in the ontological process, which is refers as a dialectical unity of the becoming of being and thinking. The definition of the logical form of the individual stages of cognition appears possible only in case that they are the special forms of determination of the universal form of being, which for them is a universal content. The special definition of the universal form of being through certain forms of cognition is a logical necessity ontological process. Its subdividing into three stages is mediated by exact historical incarnation of three logical forms, which in the sphere of cognition correspond: art/myth; religion/science; philosophy. On the basis of the identity of the content of philosophy and religion, which is the universal form of being, it is argued that their identity is at the last stage of the becoming of culture is the result of realization of this form in the idea of concrete identity. Its concrete manifestation in all aspects of being and thinking completes itself an ontological process, turning it into the system, which is infinitely determined by the logical form. The idea of concrete identity, which is the ideal purpose and actual result of a becoming of being, leaving nothing in it abstract and indeterminate, fully expresses itself in ideal by the form, the universal notion. Since in the notion of the subject and object, thinking and being, the spirit and the nature they completely coincide, then the universal notion is a concrete manifestation of the universal subject – the absolute person, eternally united in all their attributes. The concept of the idea of concrete identity, arising not only in philosophy, but also in religion – in an image of the absolute person, by means of their associations at the highest stage of development, reaches the limit point of its definition
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Description
The article deals with the spiritual autonomy of religious consciousness as a cultural phenomenon in the context of everyday life in the hermeneutic aspect. For understanding the basics of spiritual autonomy of religious consciousness it is necessary to analyze the language of religion, in this case, based on the concept of culture code using hermeneutic methods in the civilized and cultural-historical approaches, focusing on the unity of objectivity and subjectivity, to meet with the image of a different culture and its values
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TRANSFORMATION OF SOCIALISM AND CONSERVATISM IN THE POSTMODERN AGE
DescriptionThere were considered the problems and prospects of opponents of ruling liberal ideology – socialism and conservatism in the article. It is proven, that the main problems for socialism and conservatism water down their social basis as well as their exclusion into theoretical area. Dynamics of socialism and conservatism under the influence of neo-liberal practice is rather contradictory and differently directed. From one hand, it makes many left and right politicians take principles of neo-liberalism going to compromise. From other hand, sides strengthen the radicalization of more serious supporters of these ideologies. Nevertheless, the opponents of liberalism are not devoid of prospects. Losing its total character inherent it in the "age of ideology", these ideologies can remain relevant for a partial (molecular) level. Intensifying social inequality present social fields for development of socialistic ideas, but value deformation activate the conservative postulates