09.00.00 Philosophic sciences
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THE SYSTEM OF HIGH SCHOOL IN THE GLOBALIZED WORLD
DescriptionThe article analyses the problems of science development and modernization of higher education. The role of higher school is under consideration which includes our success or failure both at production site and in the areas of science, techniques, technology, innovations, culture with regard to institutionalization of the world informational space and globalization of the world economy. In contemporary conditions, the higher education as a main component of the national educational complex is one of the most extensive and important areas of human activity which has integrated with all other areas of social life. The higher education is the largest sector of the Russian economy which, on the one hand, promotes the formation and development of the main productive force – the man and, on the other hand, - serves as an important source of mindset and methodology formation, an indicator of development of the socio-cultural environment of modern society. It also needs consideration that the expenses on the higher school at their socio-economical content are the investments in rising of the scientific and educational, the scientific and production potentials which result in increasing of the commonly shared human capital of the country
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THE APPROACHES TO UNDERSTANDING THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ELITISM ARCHETYPE AS THE BASEMENT OF POLITOLOGY
DescriptionStudying the archetype of elitism is extremely important to correctly assess the direction of historical development of the state. This provides the possibility for reasonable buildup of the state domestic and foreign policy and presents the base for constructive development of the methodology of scientific cognition in the field of politology, philosophy and history. However, as the human is a complex biological system, many aspects of the human social activities are based on and conditioned by genetic potential of the human. The study provides definition of the elite and elite communities. It sais that the whole course of the history is eventually a positive or a negative interaction of elites. Nevertheless, the appearance and functioning of any elite is only possible and understandable in the context of some particular civilization, country or in a specific period of time. If the elites are taken out of the historical context, they get a nonmaterial and mythical status. If the archetype of elitism already moving along the time axis for many hundreds and even thousands of years is present, now we can observe the qualitative change of the contemporary elite along with the change of its functions and its purpose itself. On the one hand, we can observe the process of old elites degeneration; on the other hand – new elite formations keep to appear which can be essentially different from their antecedents and have other functions and purpose
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Description
Contemporary philosophical thought is able to find modern trends of development. The traditional materialistic and idealistic model turns out archaic and platitudinous. It is necessary to work out appropriate forms of reflection. In addition, a need exists for including the interpretation of being actual fundamental research. The history of Russian thought reveals that in the end of XIX century, when intellectual crisis was occurred, it was formed such philosophical trend as realism. The grounds of realism were the achievements of natural science on the one hand and on the other were the revolutionarydemocratic ideas of «the Sixties». Realism being aimed at the reinterpretation and transformation of practical life on the real foundations set itself the task to study the actual reality. Therefore, philosophical realism has received an active development in a domestic science. Natural scientists argued correlative unity of material and ideal in nature. Idealism was regarded as speculative (insignificant) philosophy and materialism was as a limitation of the cognitive space of being and nature. The advantages of philosophical realism are rationalism, syncretism, and criticism. Realism is a trend of thought which has not yet evolved and can be productive in resolving modern problems
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PRINCIPLE OF BINARISM IN DEVELOPING PHILOSOPHICAL CONCEPTIONS AND SCIENTIFIC THEORIES
DescriptionThe aim of the article is to demonstrate binarism as a method of theoretical perception. First of all, the authors define the initial concept of binarism as a principle of differentiating binary oppositions which came from philology into other sciences. Then, they stipulate the application conditions of binarism as a methodological principle, namely, both members of the opposition are stipulated, however, reasoning should not contain such logical mistakes as ‘defining through negation’ and ‘range of evidence’. Subsequently, logic of description is connected with stipulation of the ‘life’ concept, first, philosophically, then, using propositions of some natural sciences, namely, biological and, further on, physical and astrophysical definitions. Every time the authors use binary principle in describing these propositions. So, every time it becomes evident that if death can be defined as absence of life, the concept of life requires another approach, based on positive statements, which is also hard to do as it leads the researchers to the limit ‘nothing’ – ‘everything’; ‘not being’ – ‘being’. The results of the article have double nature. As the aim of the investigation was to demonstrate application features of the definite methodological principle, representation of the material may be considered as the aim achievement. In addition, in the concluding part the authors draw a line, formulating theoretical propositions, which concern both natural science and philosophical argumentation
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THE PROBLEM OF THE GENERAL THEORETICAL BASES OF THE MODERN SCIENCE
DescriptionThis article discusses the problem of constructing a General scientific theory. This examines the theoretical foundations of science and scientific criteria; the study considers the current situation in science in the context of the problem of constructing a General scientific theory
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POWER AND HUMAN'S FREEDOM INTERACTION IN CONTEMPORARY WORLD
DescriptionHereby we substantiate the necessity of social philosophical analysis of power phenomena as due to power relations' change a human being and his values also transform. A knowledge convertation into power recourse has become a reason for authority humanization and democracy thus leading to total humans enslavement. People's intentions in aims achievement, their effectiveness and high level of organization let the authority not only manage them but also produce «obedient bodies». The authority area or in other words «focused» territory, or already experienced human activities and existing terms grow and widens. New social benefits and mobile shapes disconnected with «place» and territory appear. Thus, the «authority deterritorization» leads to the responsibility refusal for any actions and effective management consequences. New authority shapes start being exhibited as total control abolishment, where a person gains absolute choice of freedom solving his vital problems but without being supplied with choice bases. In today's world an authority, whose mission is to protect humans from anarchy, chooses risk as a new management paradigm. The mentioned reasons' entity depersonalizes the power relations where not only subordinates but also authorities become impersonal, where «authority subjects disappear». The contemporary authority research works by Alvin Toffler, Michel Foucault, Sigmund Bauman, focusing at power relations, determine the authority nature as an indefinite, newly shape taking and remoted from its final research definition
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Description
This article represents experience of a reflection over theoretical prerequisites of phenomenological and system approaches to a problem of forecasting of social reality. An object of research are the principle of multidimensionality of social reality in aspect of a determinism and indeterminism of social processes, and also the principle of causal asymmetry of time acting as the ontologic basis of multidimensionality of reality. It is claimed, that at the heart of statement of the major philosophical problems there is an experience of a touch to a phenomenon of multidimensionality of reality. Multidimensionality of reality is shown as a dependence of fundamental characteristics on the level of theoretical generalization and an intentionality of the consciousness registering reality in its existence. The hypothesis of multidimensionality of social reality assumes that social processes can be described and as strictly determined, predicted and as depending on a free will of the person depending on the level of theoretical generalization at which they are considered. The principle of causal asymmetry of time is a form of multidimensionality of time and a condition of multidimensionality of process, including social. At the heart of causal asymmetry of time, there is a systemacity of time, not reducibility of time neither to consciousness, nor to life. It is shown that is impossible differently as through the synthesizing activity of consciousness, to connect together two senses, equally directly related at the right time: duration keeping time in some equal unity of the moments and the variability, change of times expressing ontologic exclusiveness of the present moment. Multidimensionality and asymmetry of time can be considered as theoretical prerequisites of phenomenological and system approach to a problem of social forecasting
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RELATIONSHIP OF SCIENCE, PRODUCTION AND EDUCATION IN THE EXPERIENCE OF REFLECTION
DescriptionThe article raises the issue related with some functioning features of modern science. Special attention is paid to the process of interaction between science, production and education. The science role in reproduction and development of modern productive forces is in creating the productive forces in the form of knowledge and transfer them from this form into real factors of material production. This process is carried out by implementing in the material production technical, technological and nontechnical innovations through the system (or canal) of implementation by the reproduction of qualitative features of the human resources in the system of general, special and higher professional education. It is should be noted that in modern globalization conditions both production means, human resources and social productive forces are reproduced neither spontaneously nor even with use of the common mind, but on the ground of transference of the productive forces created, first of all, in the form of scientific knowledge to the material productive forces. The structures providing such transference and simultaneously mediating the connection of science with material production are the implementing system and educational system
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Description
It has been proved that theoretical scientific models created as a result of the learning process, reflect not the reality of "what it really is" and only the reality "what it is" in the process of interaction with tools of empirical knowledge, i.e. the organs of perception of a certain organism that supports a corresponding form of consciousness, experimental instruments and information-measuring systems of a certain functional level. Examples and consequences of the major mistakes that have been historically made by scientists for the substantial interpretation of theoretical scientific models: this error is unwarranted giving the model the ontological status ("hypostatizations") and its associated error model giving the status of universality. The history of the emergence and development of science was viewed as a process of sequential application of natural scientific method to the study of objects of knowledge, previously studied in the framework of philosophy. We have formulated a promising idea of solving problems of philosophy of natural science methods. In the framework of implementation of this idea, we have proposed a natural-scientific formulation and solution of the basic question of philosophy. This new scientific concept of "Relatively objective and Relatively subjective" and discusses the relationship of the content of these concepts from forms of consciousness. The article gives a natural-scientific definition of consciousness and offers periodic multi-criteria classification of forms of consciousness, including 49 forms of consciousness: the 7 types of 7 consciousness and cognition methods. It examines the dialectics of the changing ideological paradigms from antiquity to the present day and a place of scientific paradigms in the process. It also describes the law of denial-denial in the change of ideological paradigms and on the basis; it explores the hypothesis about the main features of the future ideological paradigm, formed in the present. We have formulated the correct principles of interpreting scientific models of natural-scientific method – scientific method of induction and the principles of open consciousness, i.e. the principles, opening the way for the formation of new, improved and more adequate models of reality than the existing ones which were considered the only true models
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IS FREEDOM BETTER THAN NONFREEDOM?
DescriptionThe problem of human freedom as an existential phenomenon. It analyzes the current reality, where the average person with a conformist attitude was unable to speculate about genuine freedom. It reveals the practical sense of philosophizing, as a necessary process of formation of the inner freedom of the individual