13.00.00 Pedagogical sciences
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ACTUALIZATION OF THE IDEAS OF SYSTEMIC APPROACH IN MODERN TEACHING PRACTICE
DescriptionThe aim of the study is to examine the educational system in the national pedagogy in chronological order
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FORMATION AND USE OF ILLUSTRATIVE IMAGES IN THE “BIOETHICS AND QUESTIONS OF BIO SAFETY” COURSE
DescriptionIn this article, we describe the experience of formation and creating illustrative images for the course called «Bioethics and questions of bio safety». The peculiarity of this course is to review bioethical problems in the context of concrete scientific activities of the biologist – research, experimental work. The part of the course issues related to Bio safety, is revealed as an interdisciplinary area of knowledge focusing on the identification, study and understanding of biological practice and biological research associated with broad philosophical and moral component. The main blocks have been identified, which form visual resources: animals in the experiment, the questions of bioethics in the media; the metamorphosis of the human body; chimeras in works of art. In the selection of illustrative images we have taken into account several aspects: illustration, as an information resource for the analysis of the studied phenomenon; illustration, as a form of motivation to seek information, the answer to the question; illustration, as an element of ethical education of the student to different issues of bioethics. For each semantic unit collected 20-30 illustrative images within two years. They are used both when reading a lecture course and as material for independent work of students. It is shown that the presented visual resources for the course reflect the basic components of visual thinking: linear; structural; combinatorial and functional
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CONTEMPORARY AGROBOTANICAL ILLUSTRATION
DescriptionThe article discusses the contemporary agrobotanical illustration, as an integral part of scientific and educational work. For the analysis of the issue, we set up the basis of illustrative images, which acted as the test material. It has been shown that visual images serve as the material for the development of visual thinking students are taught to read information, which represents the worksheet, to think and to create something new. The article considers art of graphics pencil using a computer-drawing program with processing in Photoshop. There are mixed techniques (mixed media), based on the use of traditional drawing and herbarium specimen, processed in Photoshop in the color. Another new direction of contemporary agroillustration is infographics. Its using in educational and scientific process is determined by the fact that infographics involves analytical processing of quantitative data obtained during the experiment. On the other hand, the data is needed to visualize, execute and present. A new direction in contemporary agro-botanical illustration is plant images taken with X-rays. The modern level of requirements to create images is high enough and it must be taken into account when carrying out scientific experiments, when it is necessary to demonstrate the object of research results. Modern agroillustration can be processed using various systems of artificial intelligence, pattern recognition, for example, the system named “Edos”
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Description
Collectivism is a sense of solidarity with a group, self-awareness a part of it, the willingness to act in favor of the group and society. Fostering collectivism in childhood and adolescence teams achieved in various ways and means: the organization of cooperation and mutual aid in study, work, social work; joint participation of children and adolescents in cultural and sporting events; bringing perspectives of the guys in front of prospects (performance targets) and joint participation in their implementation; the revitalization of children's and youth public organizations. Some of these ways and means may be combined under one name, socio-cultural animation. Socio-cultural animation is an effective teaching method in the education of the younger generation, its focus on individuality, free environment , discovery and development of personal qualities and skills, the formation of worldview can be traced in pedagogy. The article discusses the pedagogical aspect of the impact of socio-cultural animation, organized in conditions of free communication, encourages meaningful exchange of cultural wealth, forming esthetic attitude towards reality, mastering wide range of special knowledge, expertise and skills. These activities contribute to the emotional development of children and adolescents, causing a feeling of collective empathy, compassion, sharing feelings of emotional and moral atmosphere and its cocreation
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WAYS OF IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF EDUCATION AMONG STUDENTS OF ECONOMIC DEPARTMENTS
DescriptionOne of the factors for economic stabilization and growth of the industrial production index is appearing young high quality trained professionals in prior areas of modernization and technological development of the Russian economy. Every year the state spends huge financial resources to ensure the budget places for the Russian economy demanded specialties and departments of universities. However, as shown by monitoring carried out at different levels, about 75% of graduates are not able to integrate into the production process for various reasons In connection with the vector of strategies of modern education reforms should be the creation of prerequisites and conditions for the effectiveness of the system based on a comprehensive implementation of innovative mechanisms of organizational and economic activity of educational institutions. As well as the reduction and, in the future, complete elimination of the gap between the needs of the economy to a qualitatively trained staff and modern system of vocational education. This article discusses issues related to the conditions for the training of qualified personnel for the regional economy in the current conditions, the main ways of integration of young highly qualified specialists in various industry sectors. This is possible with the implementation mechanisms of public-private partnerships in education, which allows combining the interests of universities, large and medium-sized businesses, and in the future accession and small businesses. We determined priority directions and synergistic interaction and the cluster approach to public policy, business and university towards the restoration of the lost positions "nurturing" human capacity for the relevant quality criteria demands of employers, focused not only on theoretical knowledge but also on practical experience of the high school graduate
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Description
The article explains the model and software of diagnostic support of the military professional orientation of young officers formation, including four structural units: target, steps, activity and estimation of results
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THEORETICAL GROUNDS TO FORM PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE OF FUTURE SPECIALISTS IN ECONOMICS AT UNIVERSITY
DescriptionAmong other reasons restraining the renewal of education, we can mention its evident irreciprocal and disharmonious character, when instead of gaining the complete social and cultural experience, students in fact get only a part of it – its knowledge component. Nowadays such an approach seems to be insufficient. Our society needs graduates who are further capable of making successful careers and taking various socially meaningful activities. We need citizens who are ready and able to cope with the challenges that they come across in their lives and professional spheres. This sort of ability owes much not only to the bulk of knowledge and skills one can obtain, but to those extra qualities and traits to define which we use the terms of “competence” and “competency”. In some respect, these terms are more appropriate to comprehend the modern goals of education. With reference to various approaches to defining the category of “professional competence” and to the description of its structure and contents, as well as on the grounds of the previously depicted peculiarities of the specialist’s activities, we have formed the concept of “professional competency of a specialist in economics”. Under this term we understand a complex integral entity comprising: cognitive and activity constituents (implying knowledge, abilities and skills developed well enough to perform professional functions in accordance with the norms and regulations of economic affairs), moral and ethical constituents, motivational constituent, rich cultural background, civil maturity and allegiance, tolerance, skills of professional communication, competitive ability, and – due to the dynamic character of economic activities – demand for and ability of continuous education
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THE METHOD OF SKETCHES AS AN EDUCATIONAL TECHNOLOGY FOR TRAINING SESSIONS
DescriptionThe work considers the method of sketches or visual notes which plays a basic role in the development of training courses. We have focused on the method of sketches as "a variety of visual notes, consisting of handwritten text, drawings, diagrams, figurative elements". For immersion of the student into the subject area or object of study, the visualization of the material is an effective technique of knowledge. Cognitive function is manifested through the ability to know the object by the image and the further formation of ideas about the structure of the material being studied. It is noted, that visual methods and techniques are especially effective in the first stage of researches. Then, there is the collection of material, knowledge of the research object. Types of pumpkins were the object of research, presented the works of artists of different periods. The collection consists of 120 images that were collected in the period from 2012 to 2016. In the work, the attempt is made using the method of visual notes and visual techniques to build images of plants pumpkins which displayed in art works of different centuries and interpreted as "a kind of door" through which we can enter in our area (introduction history of culture, archaeogenetic, developmental biology, the history of selection)
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ABOUT INCREASING THE PRESTIGE OF HIGHER TECHNICAL PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION IN RUSSIA
DescriptionThe article elucidates reasons for the falling prestige of higher technical professional education in Russia and based on their analysis we propose measures aimed at raising the status of technical specialists. These activities include: development of a strategic plan of development of higher professional education, a system of vocational guidance of graduates of secondary educational institutions; improvement of quality of preparation of scientific-pedagogical staff and development of effective system of training of teachers; the quality of the educational process and development of effective system of training of graduates; development of objective criteria for assessing the effectiveness of universities; development of a system of Patriotic education of students of secondary and higher educational institutions; increase of salaries of specialists, influencing the country's economic development, the status and prestige of the profession of high school teacher. It is necessary to develop a strategic plan for the development of higher professional education urgently since the first part of young professionals will be ready only after 4 years. Nevertheless, retraining and advanced training of specialists of technical and technological disciplines needed for the development of modern techniques and technologies, including foreign ones, we can start today. The implementation of the considered measures will allow to raise prestige of higher technical professional education and quality training of students
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THE METHOD OF PREPARATION OF FIRSTYEAR STUDENTS TO UNIVERSITIES
DescriptionThe rapid pace of global scientific and technological progress, which is the main engine of the economy, demands for higher education, the purpose of which is to prepare highly educated specialists – the intellectual potential of Russia. It is known, that technical and technological skills play an important role in scientific and technical progress; ultimately, the economic development of the country and the welfare of the population depends on it. The selection by the criterion of professional suitability is the basis for building a decent contingent of firstyear students of technical universities. The article describes the disadvantages of the known and the new method of selection, by qualifications, based on the evaluation of the implementation of the students tests on topics studied disciplines close to engineering. The article reveals content of the main stages of pre-University training in secondary educational institutions. The proposed method of selection based on professional suitability, and the system of training of contingent in secondary schools and colleges, created on the basis of higher educational institutions, will significantly improve the quality of training of specialists of technical and technological directions for universities