№ 107(3), March, 2015
Public date: 31.03.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 114, 263 kb
-
CLASSIFICATION OF INDEPENDENT SOURCES OF ELECTRIC POWER
DescriptionIn the article the description of the basic kinds of sources of the electric power, their merits and de-merits is resulted. Nowadays independent sources of the electric power on static converters are the most universal. In spite of the fact that electronic devices are capable to provide reliable enough electrosupply with consumers of various capacities and character of loading, however their bad fitness to high - dynamic loadings still is. Therefore elec-tromachine converters remain the basic source of the electric power, as the steadiest to overloads. So even in transport independent sources, for which weight-dimensions parameters are most critical, electromachine converters are used. In the article typical circuits of electromachine converters with synchronous and asynchronous generators, their advantages and lacks in relation to static converters are resulted. And as methods of increase of their efficiency, for example work on the part frequency, are resulted. For the sources executed on static converters, use of circuits with an intermediate link of the part frequency is most perspective, which, in its turn, allows to lower weight-dimensions parameters. As a rule, static converters have bad quality of a target voltage, therefore for increase of its quality use various target electric filters. Controlled filters whit electronic elements in their structure have the greatest efficiency
-
APPLIANCES, TECHNOLOGIES AND EQUIPMENT FOR HAULING OF FRUIT OUT THE GARDEN
DescriptionAn integral part of technological process for the cultivation of agricultural crop is the transportation issues. For their execution, we require significant energy and labor costs. The statistics show that the proportion of expenses for transportation of goods in agriculture reaches 25-40% of the total costs for ready-to-sale production, when the proportion of farm tractor transportations reaches 60% of the total. Thus, there are considerable losses of production, reaching in separate cases up to 50%. They are especially great in the harvesting and post-harvest cycles of crop production which is connected with crop damage during transportation. Large losses of fruit and vegetable products when transporting might be connected with their mechanical damage level during loading, unloading and transportation. This causes the urgency of the problem of preservation when transporting fruit and vegetables. One of the prior national issues is "... the development of directions to improve road transport maintenance with the aim of improving the quality of the transport process, which includes increasing commercial speed of freight flows by 2-3 times, increase productivity and profitability of road transport systems by 2-3 times, reducing the environmental load on nature by 20% ... " and others mentioned in the "Transport Strategy of Russia until 2020"
-
ECONOMETRICS FOR THE CONNROLLERS
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionRequirements for the professional training of сontrollers include, in particular, the requirements for an intelligent tool that controllers must possess. One of such tools is the econometrics. Organization of training, in particular, preparation of curricula, programs, teaching materials and textbooks, involves discussion of the scope and content of the relevant discipline. We have given the description of the econometric tools of controlling, including the courses of "Econometrics-1" and "Econometrics-2", which the Department of the IBM-2 "Economics and organization of production" is on the faculty "Engineering and Business Management" of Bauman Moscow State Technical University. We have discussed the external environment of econometrics and the necessary changes in it. For example, the course of "Probability Theory and Mathematical Statistics" is the basis for the study of econometrics. However, it has to be brought into line with modern requirements. In particular, it is necessary to consider such things as random elements with values in an arbitrary space, empirical and theoretical means in such spaces, to prove the laws of large numbers in general statements. Simultaneously with the specified extension course content is reasonable to exclude from the program methods based on those assumptions are not met in the concrete economic situations. In particular, we have to eliminate the one-sample and two-sample Student's t tests and replace them with the corresponding nonparametric tests. We do not need the "classical" and geometric probability, etc. We have given the importance of the problem of constructing integral indicators in various problems of econometrics; issues of analysis of the situation by means of a system of indicators are discussed in detail
-
GEOMETRIC TURBULENCE IN GENERAL RELATIVITY
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionThe article presents the simulation results of the metric of elementary particles, atoms, stars and galaxies in the general theory of relativity and Yang-Mills theory. We have shown metrics and field equations describing the transition to turbulence. The problems of a unified field theory with the turbulent fluctuations of the metric are considered. A transition from the Einstein equations to the diffusion equation and the Schrödinger equation in quantum mechanics is shown. Ther are examples of metrics in which the field equations are reduced to a single equation, it changes type depending on the equation of state. These examples can be seen as a transition to the geometric turbulence. It is shown that the field equations in general relativity can be reduced to a hyperbolic, elliptic or parabolic type. The equation of parabolic type describing the perturbations of the gravitational field on the scale of stars, galaxies and clusters of galaxies, which is a generalization of the theory of gravitation Newton-Poisson in case of Riemannian geometry, taking into account the curvature of space-time has been derived. It was found that the geometric turbulence leads to an exchange between regions of different scale. Under turbulent exchange material formed of two types of clusters, having positive and negative energy density that corresponds to the classical and quantum particle motion respectively. These results allow us to answer the question about the origin of the quantum theory
-
TO THE PROBLEM OF LACK OF INFORMATION. SMALL SAMPLES OR "VERY SHORT" TIME SERIES
DescriptionIn present article we consider one of the key problems of short time series in modern scientific prognostification. In scientific papers as a rule the problem of short time series is considered in connection with a problem of small selections. But there are some problems still unsettled what value of selection should be taken as a small one and which time series are short and very short. In spite of the fact that there are exist different opinions on the problem of small selection definition and as a result the definitions of short time series, time series of tax deductions analysis of which is given in the present paper one can qualify as very short ones. The authors are considering tax deductions, the length of which doesn’t exceed twelve meanings. It’s clear that building of the prognostification model on a base of given statistics is impossible. In the present paper the authors offer to carry out analysis of very short time series on the base of graphs and matrixes of similarity. In the base of the method proposed there is a visual method and information base are very short time series of tax deduction and time series of fiscal economic indices, forming taxation base. The given approach should help the officers of tax bodies to fulfill the testing analysis the purpose of which is to select tax-payers for checking up
-
OPTIMIZATION OF ACTIVITIES FOR CONTROLLING ADMINISTRATIVE AND ECONOMIC LIFE OF ARMY UNITS
DescriptionIn the article we consider main objectives of system approach, as a research method of difficult objects, administrative activity supervision and analyses, components of which are processes of check and comparison of the actual results to the set parameters. The theory of decision-making focused on development and search of optimum results on various problems with a significant amount of communications and dependences, restrictions and versions of decisions has been developed. Optimization of economic activity supervision in a military unit and, in particular, competence of officials is considered. The use of assessment results of the subordinated divisions (services) administrative activity on the basis of experts' opinion at adoption of administrative decisions. Introduction of mathematical methods in the monitoring procedure of administrative activity is analyzed. Ways to improve the organization of administrative activity supervision by means of expert assessment method on the basis of introduction of the settlement network Expert program are offered. This software product provides fast data input and an efficiency assessment of administrative activity in a division (service) of a military unit. To judge the quantitative characteristics of administrative activity and evident representation of a change tendency of the observed values on the monitor screen of the automated workplace of the official, the information in the form of a tabular and graphic representation (charts) is displayed
-
PROBLEMS OF THE INSTITUTION OF ARBITRATION PROCEEDINGS UNDER LAW REFORM OF ARBITRATION COURTS
DescriptionIn this article we consider the problem of arbitration proceedings and suggest ways to address them. The peculiarities of the arbitration dispute resolution, allowing closer to understanding the nature and the legal nature of the arbitration court. The article analyzes the status of arbitrators in terms of law reform, the conclusion about the absence of common requirements that apply to this post. The attention focused on the absence of liability for breach of arbitrators order arbitration proceedings and the need to introduce. The article also highlights changes in the rights of legal entities to create permanent arbitration courts and analyzes the feasibility of such restrictions. Special attention is paid to the problem of creating "pocket" courts, which hamper the development of mechanisms for alternative ways of resolving civil disputes. A comparative analysis of established practices of arbitration courts in countries such as Brazil, Canada and the United States has been provided. We offer adding certain provisions of the legislation of these countries to the Russian legislation in order to improve the institution of arbitration proceedings. The authors highlight some trends in the development of the current legislation regulating the activities of the arbitration courts of relevance in today's economy
-
THE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFICIENCY OF AGRICULTURAL LANDS USING IN THE KRASNODAR REGION
DescriptionThis article discusses the approaches to distinguishing the groups of municipalities of the Krasnodar region, which differ significantly in their performance from the others and that can help us to carry out a comparative assessment of the efficiency of use of agricultural lands and to develop appropriate measures to increase it. Use of cluster analysis allows identifying objectively existing, but apparently not expressed patterns that appear in different socio – economic phenomena. As the evidence of cluster features of the assessment of the effectiveness of using agricultural lands we have selected the following indicators: the crop production per 1 ha of farmland, the gross output of livestock per 1 ha of farmland, the proportion of arable land in the structure of agricultural land, the amount of farmland 1 organization. As a result of the clustering, the municipalities of the Krasnodar region consist of five clusters. Each cluster is characterized by its specialization and efficiency of use of agricultural lands. So the enterprises included in the second cluster are the primary producers of agricultural products of the Krasnodar region and use land resources with the greatest efficiency. Thus, the use of cluster analysis allows us to differentiate visually the municipalities of the Krasnodar region in terms of land use
-
PARADOXES OF THE MORAL ORIENTATION OF ECONOMY AND PERSONALITY
22.00.00 Sociological sciences
DescriptionIn the article there is a history of the researches of the problems of economy and moral interaction, the relevance of the moral research as the interdisciplinary theory of the positive development of the country and the world, the definition of the essence of the moral as if it was an unfinished rule of law. Also, the ideas of happiness creation on the Earth are affected. The increased discrepancy of the works in the field of the moral and economy interaction, the moral orientation of the each personality, and also the absence of the unity on this perspective in the works of the famous scientists of the past is noted. According to the author, the paradoxes of the moral orientation and the personality consist in: the separation of the law rules from the needs of as much as the possible careful regulation of the moral in the modern Russian legislation; the uncertainty, the discrepancy of the Russian scientific researches paying MUCH ATTENTION to the moral problems as the authority, as the alternative of the immorality, a lack of the significant theoretical studies, the THEORIES of the orientation to the practice from the Russian scientists with the maintenance of the informal national tradition of the recognition of the importance of the works of the foreign thinkers, mainly last time; the demoralization of the society via the numerous channels of the information transfer considered as a source of the moral education of the people, especially at the children's age, - through many mass media and the art spheres (painting, modern literary works, films and video movies, theatrical performances, songs, dances, photo-art)
-
CLASSIFICATION AND ESTIMATION OF THE EFFICIENCY OF SYSTEMS FOR UNINTERRUPTED ELECTROSUPPLY
DescriptionIn the article we present generalized block diagrams of stationary and transport systems of uninterrupted electrosupply, as well as their maintenance and the basic operating modes providing uninterrupted electrosupply of crucial consumers. Classification of systems of uninterrupted electrosupply is resulted. The basic classification attributes of systems of uninterrupted electrosupply are their assignment for stationary or transport consumers of the electric power, types of used basic, reserve and emergency sources and converters of the electric power. Besides systems of uninterrupted electrosupply can be classified under circuits of connection to consumers of the electric power, their division on a sort of a current (constant, variable, high-frequency), breaks in electrosupply, to type of the switching equipment and so on. For the estimation of the efficiency of systems of uninterrupted electrosupply it is offered to use the following criteria of efficiency: Power and weight-dimension parameters, parameters of reliability, quality of the electric power and cost. Analytical expressions for calculation of parameters of the estimation of efficiency of systems of uninterrupted electrosupply are resulted. The classification of systems of uninterrupted electrosupply suggested in article and modes of their work, and also the basic criteria of an estimation of efficiency will allow raising efficiency of pre-design works on creation of systems with improved customer characteristics with use of modern element base