№ 120(6), June, 2016
Public date: 30.06.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 112, 299 kb
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TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INDICES OF DOMESTIC AND IMPORTED DISC HARROWS
Description
The creation of better conditions for the cultivation of plants is carried out by means of mechanical impact on the soil working bodies of machines and tools, that is, the so-called tillage. Its importance in the conditions of intensive agriculture cannot be overemphasized. The use of each scientifically based crop rotation system of soil tillage is a necessary condition for further growth of crop yields and improve soil fertility. Tillage determines the processes of reproduction, fertility regulation soil modes, degradation processes and soil conservation. Important and how self-administration in the system of minimum tillage, and in addition to the deeper treatment of soil under traditional agricultural technologies is superficial and shallow tillage. Disc harrows are the most applied machine for the implementation of surface and shallow soil treatment, performing a loosening of topsoil, leveling the field surface, the destruction of soil crust, crumbling lumps of soil, weeding, seeding and fertilizer. This article describes the design features of domestic and foreign disc harrows. We have given their technical characteristics, and consider the operational and technological parameters
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Description
After silage of ash captured by the electrostatic precipitator, we installed the cyclone of NIIOGAZ CN-15-500 for exhaust gas pre-treatment of the ash resulting from the process of burning solid fuels (coal of Donetsk) in boilers of Novocherkassk hydro power plant. The plant cyclone examination was performed in a production environment of Novocherkassk hydro power station comprising 4 cylindrical cyclone element diameters of 500 mm, and is defined by its real effectiveness, which amounted to 91%. After the cyclone, the gas enters the two-bag filter FRKI-90KP3-2-2 designed to trap solid ash residues and installed over the silo dry ash. Filters are manufactured in climatic design for temperate and cold climate with the accommodation category 4. The article shows the characteristic of the test results and bag filters FRKI- 90K-P3-2-2 before and after the cyclone in the cleaning system. The work presents the analysis of the composition of the ash and compares it with published data. It is experimentally proved that the inclusion of Cyclone CN-15-500 in the process diverting gas purification scheme allowed more efficient operation of fabric filters, reducing the dust significantly for the input gases
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THE METHOD FOR CONTROLLING POTATO TUBERS HIDDEN DAMAGES
Description
While mechanical harvesting of potatoes, about 20-40% of the tubers get damages. Dynamic loads, injuries of the tubers, causing internal damage – which is browning of the flesh of the tuber, which occurs in the process of its storage. At the same time, ways to express control of damage to potato tubers will allow both reducing damage during harvest, and promptly sending damaged potatoes for recycling before the results of mechanical stress for the tubers during harvesting. The definition of internal damage to the potatoes is possible because of the analysis of the different elasticity of the tissues of damaged and undamaged tubers. The value of overpressure of the device is chosen such way that during deformation of tubers there mainly has been compression of the damaged tissues of the tuber, with the least turgor. The degree of damage of samples of tubers is determined by the ratio of the volume of damaged tissues of tubers to the total volume of the sample. We have given the mechanical properties of tissues of tubers, fruits and root vegetables, their structure, dimensional characteristics, it can be assumed that the use of this method of determining internal damage possible for apples, carrots, beets and harvest of other crops. Use of damage control will enable timely identification of hidden damage and make it possible to eliminate their causes, which lead to increase loss products
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HEAT AND AIR MODES OF AGRICULTURAL STRUCTURES
Description
In this article, there are descriptions of ventilation systems of municipal and industrial buildings. We consider the scheme of natural ventilation and ventilation with mechanical drive. In agriculture production, processes accompanied by the releasing into the air of premises various harmful substances: gases and vapors, excess of heat and moisture. The source of the fumes and gases are various technological processes. People, animals and birds in the premises, release carbon dioxide and other gases. Sources of heat gain are the people, animals and birds, solar radiation, production equipment and so on. For optimization of parameters of the air environment, satisfying the hygienic requirements, need to install ventilation. The ventilation system – it is a set of devices for handling, transportation, supply and removal of air. The advantage of this article is the systematization of ventilation systems of production premises. We have identified the main flows of indoor air and placement of exhaust shafts. Greatest interest are the systems operating year-round or during the heat period and exhaust systems equipped with control devices in the form of a throttle valves or gate valves and a device for cleaning the air. We give sufficient attention to the thermal regime of premises, heat losses and heat gain through protecting designs. We indicated that a significant effect on the thermal state of premises might be provided by humidity level of fences, as well as potential of heat and moisture transfer
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THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE CONCEPT OF "ELECTRONIC GOVERNMENT" IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Description
In the article, based on the generalization of long-term operation of archives of Kuban state University, we present current regulations and practice of work with archival documents, pressing questions of transition to paperless acquisition, storage and use of documentary resources of the organization. The author conducted a detailed analysis of the functioning of the archives of the University taking into account the specifics of the focus of the organization, defined the main tasks of the archive. The role of the archive is considered in the context of source of historical and cultural heritage of society. We highlighted problems of control and storage of archival documents, due to the steady growth of documentary information. Due to the rapid development of electronic document management today, the approach to the management of archival documents is formed based on electronic technologies. Based on the analysis and the identified problems, the article presented constructive proposals for the introduction of an electronic document archive organization if the interaction with the EDMS and other systems. To speed up the process of working with paper media, we might use the technology of digitization. It is obvious that now, without implementation of modern information technologies it is impossible to organize effective accounting, storage and use of archival documents
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MEANS OF SHAPING AND FORMSERIALIZE IN MODERN FUR CLOTHES
Description
In the article, we perform an analysis of the means of shaping and formserialize in fur clothes taken in the production of domestic and foreign fur companies. The spatial form of fur garments is solved, in the main, constructive. The type, direction and amount of articulation were determined by the design of the product and the properties of the fur: the height of the hairline, the size of fur semi-finished product. The proposed positioning of the shaping of articulation in fur clothes has to be performed in the environment of 3D CAD. It is established that in modern models of the silhouette of a fur product may be formed not only by design divisions but also by a combination of the product of different types of fur. We have performed studies on the use of funds of formation in models of industrial collections fur coat 2015-16 presented on the trading spots of Moscow. We have conducted a monitoring of consumer preferences on the types of fur among women and determined the causes of loss of fur, clothing of spatial forms under adverse conditions of wearing. We have also proposed innovative means of formserialize in a fur garment of solid and perforated fur
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RESEARCH METHODOLOGY OF THE SPRAY ALIGNMENT EFFECT ON QUALITY INDICATORS OF THE SPRAYER WORK
Description
The article discusses the methodology of the study of influence of the angles of the spray nozzles on the quality indicators. The authors considered three options for placement of dispensers with preset angles. To determine the quality indicators we used a special technique based on the use of a personal computer equipped with a scanner with high resolution for entering information directly to the trapping surfaces
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HARDENING AND SOFTENING OF CLAY SOIL
Description
Hardening of clay soil manifests in the form of increase of the resistance of sample to shear deformation. The shear tests of normally compacted and overcompacted soils give values of peak strength at small strains and long-term strength at high. A shear test with constant strain rate of deformation (CRD) with continuous recording of resistance encounters uneven resistance change and the cyclical rate of change of resistance (RCR). The identification of cycles of the SIS allowed us to divide the deformation in each cycle for elastic and inelastic, corresponding to the ascending and descending branches of cycle. On an interval of the total resistance, the increases of the increment of inelastic strain are positive up to some critical value of the total deformation of the sample at which their sum reaches a maximum. This maximum is adopted as a measure of hardening. With further shearing of the sample, inelastic increments are negative, and their sum is monotonously decreases and reaches negative values for the total destruction of the sample. This value is taken as the softening. A symptom of total failure of the sample is the decline of absolute values of inelastic increments of resistance to zero. In general, the trend of the increments of inelastic and elastic increments of the resistance of the sample indicates the development of the destruction of the soil sample on the sliding surfaces and, in particular, yielding of the total surface. The sum of elastic increments of the resistance monotonically increases throughout the shear
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RESEARCH THE FILLING PILE’S SETTLEMENT IN CLAY SOILS DURING REPEATED STATIC LOADING
Description
The object of the study is bored piles and their joint work with clay soils. The analysis of the field of static tests of bored piles, arranged by continuous flight auger technology (CFA), was carried out by repeated loading. Curve of settlement and the rate of its development from the applied force was obtained. Linear relationship reducing the amount of settlement in the second cycle from residual displacements after unloading pile on the first cycle was found. There was a relationship increment of settlements in the second cycle from the involvement of the bottom end in the work
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Description
Waterflooding helps in the recovery of great amount of oil that would have otherwise been abandoned in the reservoir that is depleted. A reservoir in the Niger Delta, Reservoir X has been used to illustrate this. Reservoir X had oil initially in place as 7.345 MMSTB and was produced for some time with the reservoir natural energy. The remaining oil in the reservoir as at the time that the natural energy of the reservoir was no more sufficient to produce oil was 2.96MMSTB. The reservoir has been left as depleted reservoir with the remaining oil in it. But from the analysis conducted in this work it is seen that if secondary oil recovery project by waterflooding is embarked on the reservoir, part of the remaining abandoned oil would be recovered. With the specifications given, about 1.22MMSTB of the 2.96MMSTB of oil in reservoir X would be produced as at the breakthrough time of 580 days. Moreover, considering the economic aspect of the project, reservoir X and is good to be invested in. From the NPV calculations performed, it is seen that the NPV of reservoir X at discount rate of 10% is $4.13 million
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