№ 120(6), June, 2016
Public date: 30.06.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 112, 299 kb
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Description
This article describes the practice of conducting a geotechnical monitoring of the road tunnel № № 8, 8а «Doubler Kurortnogo Prospekta» in Sochi in difficult geotechnical conditions. Geotechnical monitoring method was developed on the results of mathematical modeling performed based on engineering studies and design solutions. The particular importance is paid to areas of shallow road tunnels, because in these areas there are the highest strain that could lead to malfunction of the lithological technical system "accommodating array - fixing tunnel" and the further destruction of the road tunnel walling. Geotechnical monitoring at the stage of engineering survey allows us to assess comprehensively the condition of the geological environment in a pristine condition, as well as detailed consideration to the effect on her of construction of mining operations. Implementation of geotechnical monitoring at the stages the engineering survey and construction will identify weaknesses malfunction of the lithological technical system "accommodating array - fixing tunnel" and ensure the security of the operation of such a technically complex and demanding facilities such as road tunnels
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Description
The authors have developed and manufactured a large number of different designs of relative helical drums for mixing animal feed. We have conducted 749 field experiments with the drums of the 10 different designs with different parameters modes of operation. In all experiments, we measured the quality of the feed mixture. However, directly based on empirical data, rational choice of design features and parameters of the operation modes of the reels is not possible. For this, you must first develop a model reflecting these empirical data. The construction of meaningful analytical models of different types of drums is a difficult and demanding scientific task, the complexity of which is due to the large variety and complexity of forms of drums and their mode of usage, a large number of diverse physical factors affecting the processes in the drum. As a consequence, the development of analytical models associated with a large number of simplifying assumptions that reduce their versatility and reliability. Therefore, it is important to search of a mathematical method and software tools provide a quick and simple for the user to identify and influence the design of the drum and the parameters of the operating modes on the quality of the feed mixture directly on the basis of empirical (experimental) data. The work proposes a solution to this problem with the use of a new universal innovative method of artificial intelligence: automated system-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis) and its programmatic Toolkit – universal cognitive analytical system called "Eidos". In the system of "Eidos" we have implemented a software interface that provides direct input into the system large amounts of empirical data from Excel file. Created on their basis in the system of "Eidos" system-cognitive model allows the visual form to reflect the effect of the structure of the drum and the parameters of the operating modes on the quality of the resulting feed mixture and to develop on this basis the science-based and appropriate recommendations for the rational choice of design features and parameters of the modes relative to the screw drums. We have also given a numerical example
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THE PROBLEM OF YOUTH EMPLOYMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EDUCATION MARKET AND THE LABOR MARKET MISMATCH
Description
The article deals with the problems of youth employment in the context of inconsistency of educational services market and labor market. It analyzes the main trends in youth employment, values in the professional working environment, problems of employment of young specialists, the reasons causing youth unemployment. It is noted that the imbalance in the labor market and the education market is one of the causes of youth unemployment. The author addresses youth employment issues from the perspective of a comprehensive and systematic approach, draws attention to youth employment as an urgent and long-term task of the state socioeconomic policy. There have been identified priority areas for the implementation of employment policies that will contribute to the effective solution of problems of the youth labor market segment development. The work proposes a number of specific measures required for solving the existing problems of youth employment, as well as for increasing the level of social adaptation of this category of labor resources in the Russian economy
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PROBLEMS OF MODERNIZATION IN THE WORKS OF S. HUNTINGTON: THEORY AND PRACTICE
22.00.00 Sociological sciences
Description
The article discusses the interpretation of the mechanisms of modernization of the American scientist - Samuel Huntington, which sees modernization as a complex process with a very uncertain result. As a representative of the multilinear approach, Samuel Huntington proves the uniqueness of the modernization paths of each individual national system
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PROBLEMS OF CONSTRUCTION OF A SMALL BUSINESS SALES SYSTEM
Description
Availability of selling channels is the key to further successful development of subjects of small agrarian farms. Today, the share of large chain retailers continues to grow, breaking the 25% bar of all retail sales, and the share of agricultural markets and fairs reduced by reason of redundancy for the control and regulation of trade. Recent monitoring revealed that prices of cabbage, carrots, tomatoes, potatoes, onions, and beets at agricultural fairs were 15-20% lower than in stores. So, if to destroy small market infrastructure, the peasant farm, personal subsidiary and other small agricultural production, provision of their products to local farm markets just dies. However, agricultural markets are waiting for bad changes – they will be obliged to work only indoor, in permanent buildings. Agricultural markets, which can not cope with the implementation of the new law, will be forced to close, to withdraw from the market. The authors predict that the closing of small markets will lead to a rise in price of foods on the average on 15% and believe the decision of postponing the implementation of the law to 2010 is correct, including transferring territorial authorities the right to carry agricultural markets in capital structures, allocation to mobile trading in a separate category with a simplified procedure of regulation, and making transparent and unified principles of regulation of non-stationary trade
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PROBLEMS OF PRAVOSUB'EKTNOSTI OF AGRICULTURAL COOPERATIVES
Description
In this article the legal capacity and capacity of agricultural cooperatives fixed by the existing civil legislation of the Russian Federation, and also the international acts is considered. The concept and the maintenance of right subjectivity of legal entities in relation to such special look as agricultural production and agricultural consumer cooperatives is analyzed. The main essential differences in legal status and the maintenance of legal capacity of agricultural production and agricultural consumer cooperatives on the basis of the analysis of the agricultural cooperative legislation, law-enforcement practice and the existing points of view of various authors (scientists-lawyers) are determined by this perspective in scientific literature. Proceeding from the detailed historical analysis cooperative legislative (both Russian, and international), and also the operating standard establishments, scientific views logical conclusions are drawn on lack of essential differences in legal status of agricultural production and agricultural consumer cooperatives. Besides, the reasoned conclusions are drawn on special legal status of agricultural cooperatives in system of legal entities and on shortcomings of the existing Russian civil legislation defining the bases for classification of legal entities and establishing their legal status. For the purpose of improvement and solution of problems of right subjectivity of agricultural cooperatives a number of measures of legislative character which are able to afford not only to allocate, isolate especially agricultural cooperatives from other organizational and legal forms of legal entities is offered, but also to make them the independent subjects of business activity possessing specific inherent only it right subjectivity that will allow to give them the special status and to increase their appeal and efficiency for the purpose of revival of agricultural branch of economy of Russia
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Description
Now during the international sanctions concerning Russia the most part of the domestic organizations has appeared in heavy enough economic situation. It is connected not only with the general situation which has developed in our country, but also with weakness and bias of a finance administration in the organizations. Absence of professional skills of an adequate estimation of own financial status, the analysis of financial consequences of accepted decisions have put many of them on a side of bankruptcy. In the article, the analysis of theoretical and conceptual positions of forecasting of bankruptcy of the organizations is spent. During the research, the concept «bankruptcy» has been specified and added. The article has the research character, expressed that in her official, foreign and domestic techniques of definition of probability of bankruptcy on example RMUE «Thermal networks» which has received high probability of approach of bankruptcy practically on all from them are examined. It is revealed, that for achievement of full forecasting approach of bankruptcy of the organization it is necessary to use all the investigated techniques in close interrelation. The complex of actions on financial improvement RMUE «Thermal networks» is developed and economic feasibility of its introduction is proved
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FORECASTING CAPACITY FOR A SMALL BUSINESS PRODUCTS MARKET
Description
The problem of determining the correct potential market size for commodity products produced by small businesses is a subject of a great importance, as the excess of unsold products become a source of loss and default of management. Sales of produced agricultural and food produce for subjects of small business is crucial and, therefore, is a subject of increased interest. The author notes that today the main thing is not to produce products, but to effectively realize what is being produced. For this reason, for manufacturers of products, the correct prediction of production volumes given the potential market size is a problem of current interest. For more accurate results, the author recommends dividing the consumer groups of the population depending on the level of food consumption. To achieve that, it is suggested to divide consumers’ social, specific, and other characteristics. These essential features are accounted by the instrumentation panel surveys. The proposed approach with the right content recommended formula allows to define and model the volumes of agricultural products, which the market is able to absorb; to plan specific levels of production of subjects of small farms, the volume of product offerings that will find buyers, what will significantly reduce the risks of losses and occurrence of illiquid stocks
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FORECASTING OF REGIONAL GRAIN MARKET DEVELOPMENT
Description
Forecasting the state of external and internal industry environment by assessing the impact of factors variety and analysis is the basis of the grain subcomplex purposeful development. It is necessary to take into account the integration of the industry into particular region environment, which requires additional consideration of natural factors in the forecast. Theoretical and methodological guidelines which define characteristics of the forecasting in the particular area, are designed to provide justification for that choice. Best results are obtained predicted values found by rapid and short-term models, as in a short period the trend rarely changes its direction and thus changes the value by several times. Forecasting methods can be divided into two major groups: intuitive and formal. As a dynamic system, the market (in particular the grain market) requires the usage of complex methods for forecasting time series of key market indicators. According to our opinion, the optimum method of forecasting the regional grain market conditions is based on the following principles: reliability, systematic analysis, taking into account factors that may have an impact in the long term; validity of the scientific justification i.e. obtaining a similar result when re-modeling of the experimental data; the adequacy of the results obtained after forecasting the experimental data; reliability and accuracy of the forecast assessment for its possible adjustments; cleariness of language, which should be understandable for the decision-makers; planned nature of the forecast
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PREDICTIVE EVALUATION OF THE EXPECTED RICE YIELD IN THE KUBAN REGION IN 2016-2020
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description
The article presents the analysis of variation of daily mean temperatures for the period 1977-2015. Clear tendency for their increasing in pre-sowing and especially in growing period is found. Heat supply of separate months in pre-sowing period increased in the row: April-February-January-December-March, and that of growing period – in a row: May-Juny-JulySeptember-August. Presence of slight correlation (from -0,256 to 0,268) of temperatures in winter-spring months with heat supply of coming spring summer months is found. It is shown that correlation of rice yield with temperatures of pre-sowing (DecemberApril) and growing (May-September) periods varies from weak to average (from 0,016 to 0,524) with a tendency to increasing from winter months to summer ones. Use of analog method made it possible to estimate roughly the nature of t upcoming growing season of rice in the current 2016: after the abnormally warm winter one should expect the value of heat supply of summer months to be close to normal. In the physiological sense, such distribution of summer temperatures is favorable for rice. Use of one of the most effective forecast methods – smoothing the time series (method of «moving decades») – made it possible to evaluate medium-term rhythms of heat supply of rice growing season and yields. It was found that after an abnormally high level of heat supply of the growing season, marked during last decade, we should expect a decrease in spring and summer temperatures - the next attack of the "cold" cycle. If this hypothesis is confirmed, then up to 2020, and later a natural tendency for decrease in rice yields, arising from the adverse factors of temperature, will continue which should also affect the economic efficiency of the industry as a whole
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