№ 131(7), September, 2017
Public date: 29.09.2017
Archive of journal: Articles count 124, 307 kb
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SMALL MAMMALS OF THE TAMAN PENINSULA
DescriptionIn the present study, fauna of small mammals of the Taman Peninsula is analyzed. It is shown that the complex of rodents and insectivores inhabiting the study area differs considerably from the adjacent continental areas and is an isolate. Structure of its fauna and population resembles that of the steppe parts of Crimea and, at the same time, North-West NearCaspian areas. Analyses of variation of the D-loop regions of mtDNA in yellow-bellied mouse Sylvaemus witherbyi, as well as certain peculiarities of the species diversity, show the priority of faunal and genetic connections of the Taman Peninsula’s mammal fauna with the North-West Near-Caspian one
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ДНК-ПАСПОРТИЗАЦИЯ СОВРЕМЕННЫХ РОССИЙСКИХ СОРТОВ РИСА С ПРИМЕНЕНИЕМ SSR-МАРКЕРОВ
DescriptionIn the presented study, we have performed genotyping of modern Russian rice cultivars using microsatellite DNA-markers. The markers showed different level of allelic polymorphism: from 2 to 8 alleles per locus. For all studied cultivars,unique DNA-fingerprints were obtained
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Description
The article shows the direct impact of oil pollution on morphometric parameters and external a large burdock broadleaf and camel spines ordinary. The object of the study is Sokolovsky oil wells in the Astrakhan region. Vegetation is very sensitive to violations environment and most visually reflects the changing ecological situation territory as a result of anthropogenic impact. Petroleum products concentration of 8100 mg / kg leads to a decrease some morphometric indicators plants and deterioration of their external condition. The results of content research oil products in the soil showed that the maximum values of this indicator at the end of the oil wells (near rescue station), which was more than 8 ODK, the minimum - in control, in the region beach (0.1 ODK), at all other points. The indices were within the norm (1000 mg / kg). In the location of the oil there were 10 terrestrial plant species. We have studied plant territories using the following parameters: root length, thickness, the length of the above-ground part
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VASILY NOSULCHAK - THE NEWEST COMPLEX-RESISTANT TABLE SEEDLESS WHITE GRAPE VARIETY
DescriptionVasily Nosulchak, the newest complex-resistant tableless seedless grape variety, was bred in Greece by Pantelei Zamanidi and Leonid Troshin in 2013 by crossing the Talisman variety with the Yanaky variety. The created variety is a complex inter-species Euro-American-Amur hybrid. The duration of the production period is 146-155 days. The growth of shoots is strong. The degree of grapevine maturing high. Yield is very high. Percentage of fruit-bearing shoots 90. Average weight of bunches 900 g. It is stainable for high winter hardiness, drought resistance and increased resistance to fungal diseases, tolerant to phylloxera. The top of the young shoot is green without pubescence. Young shoots are green, without pubescence. The flower is hermaphroditic. The cluster is large, conical, branching, winged, of medium density. The berry is medium-sized, short elliptical, green-yellow. Peel is thin, strong. The pulp is juicy, with a varietal flavor. The sugar content is high. Rudiments of seeds are soft. The variety is intended for fresh consumption and kishmish production. The table high-yielding seedless variety Vasiliy Nosulchak in terms of winter hardiness, resistance to diseases and pests significantly exceeds all Eurasian varieties of table and kishmish designation. Can be used as a table grapevine for fresh consumption on site and for export, as well as for the production of high-quality dried products. As a winter-hardy variety, it is very promising for cultivation in covered viticulture zones, where table varieties require shelter for the winter. It is of great interest for selection work in breeding frost-resistant, diseases and pests of seedless varieties. To determine the influence of different ecological conditions on the growth, development, quantity and quality of the crop, the variety must be tested on all continents in different ecological and geographical areas of cultivation - in the grapes producing countries of America, Eurasia, Australia, Africa
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Description
Professional apple gardening is bound to particular risks, of which is essential losses of a harvest because of diseases. An apple scab, the caused Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) G. Winter, brings the greatest loss. The main approach in monitoring of a scab of an apple-tree is creation of grades, steady against pathogen. In the present work we have carried out phytopathology testing of generations of the seedlings received from the free pollination of six forms of a crab of Malus orientalis from a collection MOS VIR (Maykop) characterized by a relative resistance to the apple scab in 2-3 classes of damage by long-term data. For infection we used inoculum, consisting both of natural population of a scab, and of strains of pathogen of various cultivars and geographical origin. When carrying out padding infection increase in force of an infectious background that can be bound to selection of the plants of biotypes of a fungus that are most adapted for genotypes was noted. It is recommended for precise elimination of unstable plants at selection at early stages of an ontogenesis to carry out more than one serial infection during the season. By results of the phytopathological testing, we highlighted three Malus orientalis forms from the six studied No. 17982, 17985 and 3080 the most perspective stability genes for an introgressiya in a cultural gene pool of an apple tree
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DISTRIBUTION AND VARIABILITY OF MORPHOLOGICAL TRAITS OF CENTAUREA DAGHESTANICA (LIPSKY) CZER
DescriptionThe distribution and variability of features of the endemic of flora Eastern Caucasus Centaurea daghestanica (Lipsky) Czer. were given in this article. Eleven locations of the species are detected and three of them are new ones. C. daghestanica grows in the lower and middle mountain belts from 400 to 1250 m above sea level. In the lower belt, the species is found on clayey areas of the solonchak valley of Kar-Kar and the limestone slopes adjoining the valley, on average on shale screes and stony slopes. Three populations of the C. daghestanica we studied. Species composition on the investigated sites was determined, and a geobotanical description is carried out. Project coverage of C. daghestanica in the studied populations varies within 2–5%. By generative individuals of different ages were represented mainly populations. One generative shoot from 30 individuals in each population was taken to reveal the variability of the generative shoot structure, on which 13 traits were taken into account. The degree of variability of the morphological features of C. daghestanica shoot is different, the influence of the altitude level on them is not the same. The annual shoot of C. daghestanica has an average of 3-5 branches of the first order. Branches of all levels are located at the bottom of the shoot
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NEW ADVENTIVE WEED PLANT AMMANNIA COCCINEA Rottb. IN THE RICE FIELDS OF THE KRASNODAR REGION
DescriptionRice fields all over the world are one of the places of invasion of adventive weed species. They can reduce the yield of the rice crop by 20-30%. The phytomonitoring studies in the rice systems of the Krasnodar region in 2017 have discovered a new species of Ammannia coccinea Rottb. (Lythraceae) among the weed vegetation of the grain crops. The article gives a botanical description of the species; its biological and ecological features and ways of its distribution are discussed. Ammannia coccinea is an annual plant, light-loving and hygrophilous. The country of origin is North America. This is one of the most malicious weeds in California and the United States in general. In Asian and European countries, the plant is brought with rice seeds. Currently, in many rice-growing regions of the world, the species A. coccinea tends to spread and increase the severity of infestation. The species was registered in the Krasnodar region in the rice fields of the Abinskiy, Kalininskiy, Krasnoarmeiskiy and Slavyanskiy regions. The number of plants of A. coccinea does not exceed one plant per 10 m2, with the exception of three locations of invasion, where the density is up to 5-7 pcs/m2 and the plants occupy an area about 0.5 hectares. Considering the fact that in rich soils the height of the plant reaches 1 m, with the ramification of the stem, the plants go to the first tier. They successfully compete with rice plants, suppressing their growth and development. This can adversely affect crop yield. The article discusses the reasons for the appearance of A. coccinea in the rice fields of the Krasnodar region
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Description
Surface energy of polymers determines such important properties of polymers like wetability, adhesion, ability adsorption of low molecular weight substances. Inner organization, the structure of the polymer and the dynamics of interaction between macromolecular chains are shown at last. At the same time, the micro-defects (inhomogeneity) of polymers, which is an integral part of the structure are changed during deformation and must contribute to changing of the surface energy and its components. This article solves the task of detecting changes in the parameters of surface energy of polymers under uniaxial deformation. Data for the quantitative indicators of the surface properties total surface energy and its dispersive and polar components are presented. The calculations showed that the disperse and polar components of all the samples of polymer materials are about 98% of the total and, therefore, is crucial. For the first time experimental data, illustrating the change of surface energy of polymeric materials had been obtained, including elastomeric compositions, when uniaxial deformation. The relative changes of the surface energy vary from 54.5 per cent to 125 %. A decrease of total surface energy and its dispersion component is observed during deformation of polymer samples of different structure and chemical nature
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DEVELOPMENT OF A NEW MODEL OF CALCULATIONS OF VALUES OF ATOMIC RADIUMS
DescriptionThe article presents the results of studies of changes in the atomic radii of the elements of the periodic table, depending on their atomic masses. It is shown that the appearance of p- and d-orbitals introduces a significant contribution to the value of the atomic radius, and the appearance of f-orbitals makes a significantly smaller contribution to the given value. A radial-mass model of calculations of atomic radii for the elements of the Periodic Table was developed. Optimal conditions for making calculations were chosen. For the first time the values of atomic radii for elements with the order number 103-120 are calculated. It is shown that the values of atomic radii for elements with the order number 103-120 are in the range from 140 to 335 picometers and regularly change in the period
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Description
The article presents the results of studies of changes in the atomic radii of isotopes of the elements of the periodic table. With using the mass-radial model of calculations, the values of atomic radii for isotopes of chemical elements were obtained. It is shown that the atomic radius of different isotopes of one element is different and depends on the mass and radius of the nucleus. To study the changes in ∆Rav values in the groups and periods of the Periodic Table of Chemical Elements, the ∆Rav dependences on the period number and group number are constructed. It is found that the values depending on the number ∆Rav period / group for the d-elements lie in the low ∆Rav values for selements - in high ∆Rav values, and p-elements - in average values ∆Rav. It is shown that when the atomic nucleus is increased by 1 neutron, the atomic radius increases from 0.01 to 4.76 pm, which is due to the physical effect inside the atom