North-Caucasus Research Institute of Animal
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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PRODUCTIVITY, DIGESTIVE METABOLISM IN YOUNG PIGS WHEN USING BENTONITE FEEDING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionFor further increasing pork production and to increase its quality it is necessary to provide complete and balanced feeding of young pigs for fattening. The special place takes the issue of satisfying their physiological needs in macro and micronutrients. The most cost-effective step in these circumstances is using bentonite clays as natural mineral supplements. The aim of this work was to study the effect of the addition of bentonite of Zamankulskaya field on the energy growth, digestibility and the digestibility of nutrients of the diet of young pigs. According to the results of the survey, the best productive effect was when ensuring free access to the bentonite, so that the young pigs of the 3rd experimental group vs control group had significant superiority according to gross and average daily live weight gain and feed products. According to the results of scientific and economic experience, it was found that with free access to the bentonite best economic and useful indicators were observed in the animals of the 3rd experimental group against the control analogs, as they had significant superiority in terms of absolute live weight gain and feed consumption per unit of production. During the physiological exchange of experience the most beneficial effect on the hydrolysis of complex organic compounds had bentonite feeding with free access of pigs. The result was a significant superiority of the experimental animals over the control ones in coefficients of digestibility of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, crude fat and NFE. To improve the digestibility and absorption of nutrients in the diet of young pigs it is advisable to feed them with bentonite clay as natural mineral supplements with free access
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PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF TRITICALE IN FEEDING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn the decision to establish solid fodder resources in the arid parts of Southern Russia triticale should take its rightful place. It must be introduced instead of winter wheat, inferior to the yield, quality and output of nutrients per unit of area. It is necessary to maximize the potential of new varieties of winter triticale, as the productivity of animals largely depends on the varietal characteristics of the culture. Triticale has attracted special attention by its ability to exceed the parental forms on productivity and quality, and resistance to adverse soil and climatic conditions and the most dangerous disease is not inferior to rye. The generalized data of most researchers characterize triticale as a factor in increasing the productivity of animals and reducing the cost of feed per unit of output, although in some cases there is a negative trend in reduction of productivity by the replacement of cereal grain components for winter triticale. Due to the enrichment of compound feed with triticale grain by enzyme preparations and enzyme-probiotic supplements we can greatly increase productivity, digestibility of main nutrients, improve meat quality and reduce the cost of feed per unit of output. We can increase the productive effect of triticale grain by extrusion. In physiological metabolic experiments, it is found that by extruding of triticale grain the digestibility of the main nutrients is increased by 1.3-1.8%. Extruding of triticale before feeding promotes slaughter yield and increases the levels of protein in the muscle. The use of triticale in rations instead of wheat reduces the cost of the diet, the cost of the manufactured products and increases profitability. The study of achievements of scientists from various scientific organizations necessitates the further breeding work with the culture of triticale and requires the development of innovative technological methods that can help reduce the concentration of pentosans and beta-glucans in the grain
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INCREASING OF BIOLOGICAL POTENTIAL IN POULTRY DUE TO THE USE OF PROBIOTICS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionTo improve the quality, safety and competitiveness of the domestic raw materials of animal origin the use of probiotics in the poultry industry is a priority and promising direction of the development of organic agriculture. One of the key problems of the production of probiotics is to provide actively stable preparations. Biocompatibility of the indigenous microflora with probiotics, medical form and individual range of antibacterial activity of probiotics have a significant impact on the introduction of probiotics in new habitat conditions and its effectiveness. Consideration of these factors can enhance the effectiveness of probiotics. Currently, the available literature has insufficient justification of certain doses of administration and methods of using different probiotic preparations. The materials present and summarize the results of the research concerning the use of probiotics in the poultry industry, based on the achievements of Russian and foreign scientists. In addition, based on the analysis of various sources of scientific literature, we suggest ways to solve the problem of probiotic therapy and give some recommendations on the organization of the technological process of selection and application of different probiotics in poultryfeeding. Raw meat from poultry reared with the use of probiotic preparations is safe, because metabolites of probiotic microorganisms are not accumulate in the body tissues. Researches of biosynthesis regularities of probiotics were made at the cellular level, including genetic aspects, features of regulation of secretion, dependence on the cultivation conditions, interaction with binding sites on the cell surface, participation in the vital activity of the population of individual cells. The use of probiotics contributes to normalization of the intestinal microflora, activation of protein metabolism, productivity increase, reduction of feed costs per unit of production and increasing of poultry industry economic efficiency as a whole
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THE OUTLOOK FOR SORGHUM IN ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article gives theoretical and practical justification of sorghum use in animal feeding. The results of the study of organization of forage resources for livestock and poultry with the use of forage sorghum are shown. The ways and directions for the increase of nutritive value and productive effect in the diets for animals and poultry are determined
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DIGESTION EXCHANGE PECULIARITIES OF BROILER CHICKENS DURING FEEDING ECOLOGY DISTURBANCE
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn the conditions of the North Caucasus during aflatoxin B1 tolerant level in the ration it is desirable to breed the broiler chickens cross “Smena-4” and “Ross 308” adding toxi-nyl preparation in the amount of 2 kg/t
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ALTERNATIVE GRAIN COMPONENTS IN PIG DIETS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionChemical and amino acid composition of bare-grained barley was studied. Use of bare-grained barley as a component of compound feeds for young pigs favors the increase of live weight, decrease of food conversion rate and increase of economic efficiency
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USING YOUNG GROWTH OF THE HORNED CATTLE FOR PRODUCING ORGANIC BEEF FOR BABY FOOD
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionExperimental data were obtained to draft a national standard for organic production of meat from calves of meat breeds to produce baby food in the new conditions of development of the meat industry. Research results have shown that Aberdeen-Angus meat breed cattle meets the national standard of RUSSIA 52478-2005 for raw meat for baby food due to chemical composition of meat and its quality
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Description
In the article, there are the results of comparative studies of the effect of diets with imbalance lysine and tryptophan on the growth, appetite and tissue components of the protein-synthesizing system of Wistar rats and pigs
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe aim of the research was to study the impact of starter complete feed (CF) with different levels of crude fat on the chemical composition of muscle tissue and liver of young geese. During days 5-28 the poultry was fed CF with 5.1-8.1 % crude fat, from 29- to 60- day age – with 5.4 %. By increasing the level of crude fat in starter CF there was a trend to an increase of the phosphorus content in muscle samples of geese hip and thigh - by 4.4-9.6 %, in the liver - by 27.2-53.5 % (P≤0,05). The chest muscles of the young geese fed high-calorie CF had 2.8-6.0 % higher fat content, than that of counterparts in the first group. At the same time, there was a tendency to a decrease in the concentration of fat in the muscles of the hip and thigh - by 1.9-5.0 % (P˃0,05). Increased level of crude fat in CF did not have a negative impact on the accumulation of heavy metals in the muscle and liver of geese, the concentration of the studied elements was within the permissible level established for food products
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DESIGN OF THERAPEUTIC PHAGE COCKTAILS BASED ON T4-TYPE BACTERIOPHAGES: ADVANTAGES AND DISADVANTAGES
DescriptionIn the review, the stages of designing therapeutic cocktails of T4 type bacteriophages based on works by Harald Brüssow from Nestlé S.A. (Switzerland) are considered. The main stages of this process are identified: analysis of existing cocktails, selection of phages; creating a collection; cultivation of the host bacterium, multiplication of viruses; purification of the preparation; contamination testing; preservation, stabilization and storage; preclinical and clinical trials. H. Brüssow first studied the Russian drug " Coli-Proteus bacteriophage " of "Microgen" with the help of metagenomic analysis, electron microscopy and conducted its clinical studies. Prof. Brüssow considered the advantages of T4 bacteriophages for the treatment of Escherichia coli infections. Researchers studied methods of cultivation in Erlenmeyer flasks, in a bioreactor, in disposable sack cultivators for the propagation of viruses. For its purification the chromatography, centrifugation, filtration and polyethylene glycol precipitation were studied. To quickly check the contamination of phage cocktails, a mass spectrometry method is proposed. Researchers considered basic strategies, such as lyophilization, spray drying, the formation of microcrystals and microspheres to stabilize the preparations. They also reviewed the results of clinical trials of phage cocktails. We have listed the problems of selecting T4 bacteriophages from the point of view of modern knowledge. H. Brüssow and his colleagues carried out an interesting work on the construction of phage cocktails based on T4 type bacteriophages, and also revealed the problems of the current state of phage therapy