Don state agrarian University
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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THE RATIONALE OF THE RIGID CHARACTERISTICPARAMETERS OF THE COMBINE HARVESTERS OF HIGH PERFORMANCE
05.20.00 Processes and machines of agroengineering systems
DescriptionThe purpose of the study was to substantiate the rigid parameters of tyres in propulsion units for the combine harvesters of high performance. A research method is analytical with the use of a mathematical model of the combine harvester in which damping and rigidity of the drive axle tyres in circumferential and radial directions are taken into account. Values of the rational rigid characteristics of the pneumatic tyre have been generally determined by the ability of the tyre to be deformed so that to reduce the angular, vertical and horizontal skeleton oscillations of a combine harvester to ensure the high-quality technological process of the threshing and harvesting. The specified circumstance gains the special importance at the development and introduction of the new tyre modes for the combine harvesters of high performance. The analysis of the conducted analytical researches has been showed the expediency of using the threads of a cord in the propulsion unit of combine harvesters instead of diagonal or radial tyres of the same standard size with an original position of them. The offered pneumatic tyre of 30.5E-32 used as the leading one, and promotes the reduction of the angular oscillation amplitude and operating speed of a combine and also angular and vertical accelerations up to 1.42 times
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE DE-FORMATION IN TIRES 30.5-32 WITH A DIF-FERENT INTERNAL STRUCTURE
05.20.00 Processes and machines of agroengineering systems
DescriptionThe objective of the research was to study the patterns of deformation with the different internal structure in a tire envelope with the standard size of 30.5-32 in propulsion units for modern mobile farm vehicles. The research method is experimental with the use of «a tire tester» and specially developed devices for determining the deformations of the tire envelope concerning the rim in circular and radial directions. Output indicators of a wheel with the pneumatic tire are determined by the ability of the tire to be deformed so that at small hysteresis losses in the rubber-cord envelope the largest area of the contact with a substructure have been created. This circumstance has special significance when developing the tires for mobile farm vehicles with the high power saturation, the patterns of deformation of which are poorly studied now. The analysis of the carried out experimental researches has shown the expediency of application of the experimental tires with the same standard size, offered in the work, on the propulsion units of the mobile farm vehicles instead of diagonal and radial tires. The rolling resistance of the experimental tires 30.5E-32 is lower than the rolling resistance of serially produced tires, and the developed area of contact is higher and that provides the decrease in the condensing impact on the soil
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05.20.00 Processes and machines of agroengineering systems
DescriptionThe aim of the work is to establish rational parameters on the basis of analytical and experimental research, in terms of obtaining the maximum performance of the unit based on a class 5 tractor, an automatic gear shift system. We have proposed a device for automatic gear shifting, in which the pressure of the working fluid in the pneumatic-hydraulic accumulator installed in the power transmission of the tractor of the elastic-damping mechanism, equivalent to the engine torque, was used as an input signal. The task of optimizing the tracking device and the actuator of the automatic shift system is the definition based on the theory of automatic regulation of the rational flow cross section of the damper throttle and the time delay of the system response to ensure the input signal with the necessary filtering in frequency and phase. The study presents the results of the tests carried out under laboratory conditions, which showed that the automatic gear shift system provides gear shifting at an external load frequency in the range from 0 to 0.24 s-1, direct assessments of the quality of the automatic gear shift system: oscillation (0), overshoot (0%) and time of the transition process (2...4 s), meet the requirements for their work. The analysis of the results obtained in experimental studies showed that the productivity of the machine-tractor plowing unit with a class 5 tractor-model equipped with the developed system of automatic gear change is higher by 10.6%, and the specific fuel consumption is 8.1% lower compared to the serial version
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ANALYSIS METHODS TO INCREASE THE CHARGING VOLTAGE OF THE ALTERNATOR
05.20.00 Processes and machines of agroengineering systems
DescriptionThe article considers the problem of insufficient charging voltage during the joint operation of the battery and alternator. A comparative analysis of the proposed ways of increasing the charging voltage of the generator
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REGULARITIES OF DEFLECTION IN THE DIAGONAL AND RADIAL TIRES OF THE GRAIN COMBINE PROPULSIONS
DescriptionThe aim of the study is to investigate the regularities of deflection in the diagonal and radial tires for the grain combine propulsions of high productivity. The research method is experimental. The "tire tester" and specially designed devices for revealing the deflections of the inner and outer tube relative to the rim in the circumferential and radial directions have been used. The outcome indices of the pneumatic-tired wheel are determined with the tire capability to deflect so, that at low - hysteresis losses in the rubber-cord casing and its acceptable tensions, based on a resource, the largest area of contact with supporting base would be created. This circumstance acquires the particular significance developing tires for grain combines of high performance, the deflection regularities of which are poorly studied at present. The analysis of experimental studies showed the feasibility of using the grain combine propulsions instead of the diagonal radial tires of the same size. The resistance to rolling of radial tires 30.5 R-32 is lower than in diagonal tires 30.5 L-32, and the developed contact area due to the increase of length is higher, which reduces sealing effect on the soil
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THE DURATION OF THE PRODUCTIVE USE OF SOWS AND ANALYSIS OF REASONS FOR CULLING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionNowadays, domestic pig production is dynamically changing in technological and selection terms and is one of the most effective sectors. In the current conditions of pig breeding in intensive technology, the requirements to the level and direction of pig production, the rational use of genetic resources are increasing. The development of effective methods for the production of pork on the basis of the wide use of highly productive breeds and types of both imported and domestic selection allows to obtain the maximum possible productivity of animals, to produce pork of good quality, to reduce the cost of production and to fully realize the genetic potential of animals. Genetic and selection techniques have significantly changed the physiological, morphological and productive capabilities of modern animals. In connection with this, the actual for the pig industry is the identification of opportunities to increase the duration of the use of pigs, and the inclusion of new indicators in breeding work when creating specialized maternal lines. The research was carried out on the electronic database (KP ACC, OOO "Selikom", Ryazan), the breeding center "Lozovoye" ZAO "Plemzavod-Yubileyniy" of the Tyumen region. The center is engaged in thoroughbred breeding and improvement of four pigs: large white, landrace, pietren, duroc
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THE EXPERIENCE OF CREATING A POPULATION OF MEAT-WOOL SHEEP
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe study of the productive qualities of crossbred offspring from different breeding combinations and identifying the most effective ones providing the maximum increase in the production of high quality lamb while reducing its cost is an important problem and is essential for further development of methods of creating a new type of precocious meat and wool sheep. In the Rostov region in the result of the establishment of populations of meat-wool sheep there are several groups of animals with different characteristics and hereditary inclinations. As the base of the work there is a method of mating and breeding of sheep of the desired type. The article presents the results of one of the fragments of a large complex work in which the possibility of using three-pedigree hybrids, created with the involvement of potential salskaya, edilbaevskaya and intense meat-wool breed, which is severokavkazskaya, to improve productive quality in the breeding of sheep. We have evaluated productivity and biological features of hybrids and proved the economic efficiency of their use in the production of mutton. We have given the results of the control slaughter and assessment of qualitative indicators of the meat of young sheep. The set of indicators characterizing meat productivity and meat quality revealed that the superiority of the studied indicators remained for two - and three-bred cross cattle. Hybrids have a higher rate of growth and quality parameters of meat productivity. These options are simple and complex industrial crossing are promising and can be implemented and used on the farms of the zone of breeding Merino sheep. Thus, the use of crossbreeding gives an opportunity to convert a flock of sheep in the desired direction quickly. At the same time, three-pedigree hybrids better combine the valuable qualities of the used species
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe steady development of modern pig farming dictates the need for new priorities, opportunities and requirements, such as reducing harmful environmental impacts, more efficient use of resources, and provision of comfortable conditions for the pig housing. The creation of an appropriate ITS BAT in the branch will optimize the activity of agricultural pig breeding enterprises due to the transition to performance of requirements based on BAT technological parameters, to solve the problem of energy efficiency, import substitution and increase of competitiveness. Their integration will have an effect not only on improving the ecological state of the environment, but also on the economy of agricultural enterprises providing a new approach to agricultural activity
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Description
Currently, there are two opposing tendencies in the world economy: globalization and regionalization, which are refracted in one of the tendencies of modern development, as participation of regions of different levels in international cooperation. In the conditions of slowing the registered rates of economic growth, decisions on investment activation are topical. It is important for Russian megaregions to develop their own investment incentive trajectory. The national economy of any country cannot develop effectively without involving it in foreign economic relations. Foreign economic activity is becoming an increasingly important factor in the development of the national economy and economic stabilization. The development of foreign economic activity plays a special role in modern conditions, when the process of integration of the economy into the world economy is taking place. Small and medium business is one of the most important sectors of the economy of the Rostov region, the dynamic development of which has a positive impact on reducing social tensions in the society (including by creating new jobs), increasing the investment attractiveness of the region, and also contributing to the positive economic growth rates of Don. At the same time, in the current economic conditions, small and medium-sized businesses need to strengthen state support to overcome certain emerging negative trends, unlike a large business with an adequate margin of safety. Priority spheres of investment activity in the south of Russia are: the Russian foreign trade specialization (foreign trade transit), improving the dynamics of the sectoral structure of the economy with import substitution (livestock), improving the quality of business environment management and investment, marketing investment potential in southern Russia (foreign and domestic investors)
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THE FORMATION AND QUALITY OF MEAT OF CATTLE BREEDING AND POULTRY FARMING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn order to ensure import substitution and threshold values of meat production, it is necessary to stabilize the livestock of animals and introduce intensive technologies. In conditions of arid steppes, the animals of Kalmyk, Hereford and Aberdeen-Angus breeds are best suited to stall-pasture technology. Before weaning from mothers at 7-8 months of age, their offspring is grown without additional feeding, just mothers’ milk. Therefore, the growth rate of suckling young animals rarely exceeds 850 grams of daily growth, while the live weight reaches 400-450 kilograms at the age of 18 months, with some advantage in favor of the young generation of Hereford breed. Using the intensive 9- months growing at the fattening complex with feeding from the self-feeders ensured the average daily gain in the Kalmyk bull-calves at the level of 1398 grams, and for the Aberdeen-Angus and Hereford breeds the growth is 1533 grams. The highest growth energy, live weight (661 kilograms), was with Hereford bulls. From bulls of the native Kalmyk breed with intensive technology of growing, a heavy body weight increase of 331 kilograms at 18 months of age was obtained. All tested samples of meat according to microbiological indicators comply with the requirements of the Technical Regulations