Don state agrarian University
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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TO THE THEORY OF STRENGTH OF DIESEL ENGINE EXHAUST GAS PURIFICATION OF SOOT PARTICLES
DescriptionThe problem of environmental protection from the contamination by toxic products, contained in the exhaust gases, is one of the most topical in the modern world. Nitrogen oxides and soot particles are the most toxic. Getting into the environment and the human body, they cause heavy chronic disease and significantly impair the quality of animal and plant products. The developed gas purification system SCR, the technology of plasma purification of exhaust gases have not found wide practical applications because of their high value. The study of papers dedicated to reducing exhaust gas toxicity shows that the use of combined means of purification, which usually include mechanical, thermal and catalytic methods of purification, is the most effective. Our work deals with the issue of purifying the diesel engine exhaust from fine particulate matter resulting in the combustion of fuel and oil motor partly. The article notes that the carbon is not magnetic, so the use of a magnetic field acting as an agent for the purification of exhaust gas from the carbon soot particles is impossible. The purification in a centrifugal field requires the creation of structurally complex centrifuges, so it is ineffective. We consider the possibility of purifying the exhaust gases from the soot particles in the electrostatic field. The device presents the collecting electrode, which is shaped as a cylinder, and an axial central electrode, which is mounted on an insulated spacer within the cylindrical body. The study deals with the physical and mathematical simulation of processes occurring in the proposed device of the purification of exhaust gases. The equality of the Coulomb force and the Stoks force determines the magnitude of the electrostatic field strength that is necessary for the purification of exhaust gas from the soot particles. We have identified the desired length of the collecting electrode
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THE FORMATION AND QUALITY OF MEAT OF CATTLE BREEDING AND POULTRY FARMING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn order to ensure import substitution and threshold values of meat production, it is necessary to stabilize the livestock of animals and introduce intensive technologies. In conditions of arid steppes, the animals of Kalmyk, Hereford and Aberdeen-Angus breeds are best suited to stall-pasture technology. Before weaning from mothers at 7-8 months of age, their offspring is grown without additional feeding, just mothers’ milk. Therefore, the growth rate of suckling young animals rarely exceeds 850 grams of daily growth, while the live weight reaches 400-450 kilograms at the age of 18 months, with some advantage in favor of the young generation of Hereford breed. Using the intensive 9- months growing at the fattening complex with feeding from the self-feeders ensured the average daily gain in the Kalmyk bull-calves at the level of 1398 grams, and for the Aberdeen-Angus and Hereford breeds the growth is 1533 grams. The highest growth energy, live weight (661 kilograms), was with Hereford bulls. From bulls of the native Kalmyk breed with intensive technology of growing, a heavy body weight increase of 331 kilograms at 18 months of age was obtained. All tested samples of meat according to microbiological indicators comply with the requirements of the Technical Regulations
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Description
The aim of the article has been the study of deflection laws in tractor oversize low-pressure tires, intended for class 5 tractor propulsion. The research method was experimental. The "tire tester" and specially designed devices for determining the deflections of the inner and outer tube relative to the rim in the circumferential, radial and collateral directions have been used in it. A number of factors determine outcome indices of the wheel with pneumatic tyre. Among them the ability of the tire to deform so that at low - hysteresis losses in the rubber-cord casing and admissible stresses in it, based on resource, the largest area of contact with the supporting base has been created. This circumstance is of particular importance in the development of tractor tires of low pressure, deflection characteristics of which are poorly studied at present. Analysis of experimental studies showed the necessity of the feasibility of creating the tire with the cord orientation in its casing so that in the zone of perception of the vertical and longitudinal forces the cord threads would work in a mode close to the extension, but in the area of contact it would work in bending. These requirements will best meet the tire in which the cord threads are parallelly located in adjacent layers and directed at a predetermined angle in the direction of effect of the axial forces on the wheel in oncoming fibers
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe optimal rations have been found. We have conducted a research on the assessment of meat productivity, biochemical blood tests. The chemical composition of blood and meat has been found. We have empirically chosen a content area for both chicks and adults of black African ostriches. The article shows a selection of optimal rations for feeding of ostriches; we have also determined the live weight of ostriches in groups, keeping the chicks safe in groups, hematological studies of ostriches blood, the chemical composition of the meat, the efficiency of premixes of Vitafel S
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THE DURATION OF THE PRODUCTIVE USE OF SOWS AND ANALYSIS OF REASONS FOR CULLING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionNowadays, domestic pig production is dynamically changing in technological and selection terms and is one of the most effective sectors. In the current conditions of pig breeding in intensive technology, the requirements to the level and direction of pig production, the rational use of genetic resources are increasing. The development of effective methods for the production of pork on the basis of the wide use of highly productive breeds and types of both imported and domestic selection allows to obtain the maximum possible productivity of animals, to produce pork of good quality, to reduce the cost of production and to fully realize the genetic potential of animals. Genetic and selection techniques have significantly changed the physiological, morphological and productive capabilities of modern animals. In connection with this, the actual for the pig industry is the identification of opportunities to increase the duration of the use of pigs, and the inclusion of new indicators in breeding work when creating specialized maternal lines. The research was carried out on the electronic database (KP ACC, OOO "Selikom", Ryazan), the breeding center "Lozovoye" ZAO "Plemzavod-Yubileyniy" of the Tyumen region. The center is engaged in thoroughbred breeding and improvement of four pigs: large white, landrace, pietren, duroc
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Description
Industrial region passport is a comprehensive information tool for forming the sustainable consistent conception about the industrial economic sector of administrative territorial unit for third-party users. This content is being formed by taking into account following elements: maximum completeness of the provided information, minimization of the facts distortion and empirical data; simplicity and clarity of the data provided in an accessible form with informative and illustrative material; classifier by potential users’ interests’ availability. In the article, exemplary structure of the industrial passport according to the developed requirements is proposed. In addition, the formation of a working group in the structure of economy sector government bodies is proposed; its tasks include organization and carrying out the relevant works. The article describes a proposed phased-gradualist procedure for creating the industrial passport of the area or district. The developed industrial passport can be used: in the investors attraction activities to the regions with an industrial orientation of the economy; within industrial exhibitions, convents and conferences conducting; as a tool for operational diagnosing a certain industrial potential; as a tool for information accumulating for comparative analysis of the industrial sector functioning in the territorial and temporal dimension; among with other complex tools for the area investment attractiveness increase; as a reasoning element for project platforms necessary for the cluster forms of industrial production organization
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WOOL PRODUCTIVITY OF MERINO SHEEP OF IMPROVED GENOTYPES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article deals with the issue of improving the profitability of sheep breeding by using improved mutant genotypes in the breeding system. The results of studies of the main indicators of economic-useful traits are given, the dynamics of growth, level and quality of wool productivity of sheep of improved genotypes obtained on the basis of such breeds as Soviet merino and Stavropolskaya, as well as firstgeneration daughters cultivated in themselves are estimated. It was found that at birth, the live weight in the groups of the 3 group (the breeding of half-blooded hybrids "in oneself") was higher than that of the females from the 1 and 2 groups, respectively, by 0.50 kg, or 13.1%, and by 0.20 kg or 5.2% (P> 0.95). At a more senior age, the young, having a large live mass at birth, retained its rank position. The highest indicator of the cutting of physical wool was observed in animals of the 2 group, obtained as a result of the use of sheepproducers of Stavropolskaya breed on sheep of the Soviet merino. The parameters of the 1 and 3 group were lower by 0.6 kg - 12.3% and 0.17 kg - 3.5% (P> 0.95), respectively. The conclusion is made that the use of sheep-producers of the Stavropolskaya breed on the uterus of the Soviet merinos breed had a positive effect on the wool productivity and the live weight of the hybrid offspring. Further breeding of half-blooded hybrids “in oneself” showed the possibility of reproducing improved genotypes without losing the acquired qualities
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THE INFLUENCE OF GENOTYPE OF RAMS ON THE QUALITATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF MEAT
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article presents the results of the qualitative assessment of meat of crossbred rams. The analysis of the data shows that crossbred rams of 2, 3 and 4 groups increased the absolute mass of muscle tissue compared with purebred 12.3; of 18.2 and 25.6%, respectively. Fine-wooled rams were superior in the relative content of bone in carcasses of crossbred 1.1- 4.2 percent. Output of pulp for 1 kg of bones had the advantage of crossbred rams 2, 3 and 4 groups compared with purebred 0.12; 0.24 percent and 0.44 kg respectively. The analysis of the data shows that in carcasses of young animals of all the groups the greatest specific weight took cuts of the 1st sort. Nevertheless, the valuable parts to carcass weight balance was higher in the carcasses of the crossbred calves. So, rams 2, 3 and 4 groups, this advantage was 1.9; 4.5 and 4.7%, respectively. Thus, the analysis of a complex of indicators characterizing the quality of meat rams of different genotypes revealed that the superiority for the studied indices took place for two - and three-bred animals. These options of both simple and complex industrial crossing are promising and can be implemented and used in the farms of Merino and crossbred sheep
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionExperimental studies were carried out on the breeding farms of "Russian pork" in Millerovo district of the Rostov region on purebred and crossbred animals derived from crosses of pigs and the Don steppe types of meat, breeds of Landrace and Pietrain. The Don type of meat was used in the experiments as a control. When crossing, the DM-1 pigs were used as the parent form, and CT as a father to give twin breed hybrids DM-1 x ST. The recent delivery of boars of Landrace and Pietrain breeds allowed to receive twin breed hybrids of genotypes of CT × L and DM-1 × P
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Description
Under conditions of high competition, marketing of educational services is seen as a management tool for the establishment of additional professional education and improve its competitiveness. In this regard, a quantitative characteristic of a state and dynamics of key parameters of establishment of additional professional education based on monitoring of efficiency of marketing activity has become urgent. We have considered existing methodical approaches to evaluating marketing effectiveness of educational institutions. The two-component technique of assessment of efficiency of marketing in institutions of additional professional education of an agrarian profile including the complex diagnostic analysis on key blocks and their significant characteristics and assessment on the basis of the adapted technique of definition of stability of development of social and economic system, considering specifics of activity of institutions of additional professional education of an agrarian profile is developed. The author's system of indicative indicators in the main directions allowing realizing the general principles of marketing in system of agrarian educational institutions is offered. We present results of assessment of stability of development of educational institution present on the example of institute for personnel refresher training of agro-industrial complex (Zernograd, Rostov region)