Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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CONTROLLING OF CONSUMER PRICES DYNAMICS AND LIVING WAGE
DescriptionIn accordance with the Presidential Decree of 21 August 2012 № 1199 one of the 11 integrated indicators of the activity of executive authorities is the measure "real disposable income of the population". For its calculation it is necessary to measure the level of consumer prices. The article presents the minimum consumer basket of physiologically essential food products, designed in 1993 by the Institute of High Statistical Technologies and Econometrics (IHSTE) based on the initial data of the Institute of Nutrition of the Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, and the results of measuring the cost of the consumer basket IHSTE and inflation index in 24 years (1993 - 2017). We discuss the application of the developed tools in Controlling of the level of consumer prices and living wage. According to M. Orshansky, living wage can be estimated by multiplying the cost of the minimum food basket by a factor which is equal to the quotient of all costs to the costs of food costs for a poor family. This work is aimed at the elimination of the monopoly of Rosstat in the calculation of indices of inflation, the living wage and the real disposable income of the population. The methods of the measurement and the use of inflation constitute an important part of training courses in econometrics, which are taught in the context of the scientific-educational complex "Engineering Business and Management" of the Baumann Moscow State Technical University. Nobel Laureate in Economics Vasiliy Leontiev thought that only 1% of economists analyze the newly collected data, 30% use the data contained in the publications of predecessors, and the rest did not turn in their arguments to the real world. This work belongs to the 1% of publications (which analyzes the newly collected data), about which Vasiliy Leontiev wrote
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COMPUTER-STATISTICAL METHODS: STATE AND PROSPECTS
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionWe have analyzed the current state of the main computer-statistical methods, identified achievements and existing problems, outlined the prospects of further movement and formulated the problems to be solved. We have also discussed the Monte Carlo methods, pseudo-random numbers, simulation, bootstrap and resampling, the automated system-cognitive analysis. We have considered the applications of computer statistics in controlling and properties of statistical packages as the tools for researchers
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01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionIn the USSR higher attestation Commission from 1975 to the collapse of the USSR was subordinated not to the Ministry of education and science, but to the Council of Ministers of the USSR directly. However, since then there is a steady trend of gradual reduction of the status of the Commission. Today it is not just included in the Ministry of education, it is just one of the units of one of its structures: the Rosobrnadzor. Reduced status of the HAC inevitably leads to a decline in the status and in the adequacy of scientific degrees assigned as well as scientific ranks. This process of devaluation of traditional academic degrees and titles assigned to the HAC, has reached the point when a few years ago there were abolished salary increments for them. Now, instead of that, every university and research institutes have developed their local, i.e. non-comparable with each other scientometric methods of evaluation of the results of scientific and teaching activities. Despite the diversity of these techniques, there is a common thing among all of them, which is the disproportionate role of the h-index. The value of the Hirsch index starts to play an important role in the protection, when considering competitive cases for positions, as well as in determining the monthly rewards for the results of scientific and teaching activities. By itself, this index is well founded, theoretically. However, in connection with the practice of its application in our conditions, in the collective consciousness of the scientific community there was a kind of mania, which the authors call the "Hirschmania". This mania is characterized by elevated unhealthy interest to the value of the Hirsch index, as well as incorrect manipulation of its value, i.e. inadequate artificial exaggeration of this value, as well as a number of negative consequences of that interest. In this study we have made an attempt to construct a quantitative measure for assessing the extent of improper manipulation of the value of the Hirsch index, and offered a science-based modification of the h-index, insensitive (resistant) to the manipulation. The article presents a technique for all the numerical calculations, which is simple enough for any author to use
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01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionThis article briefly reviews the classical concept of functional dependence in mathematics, determines the limitations of this concept for adequate modeling of reality and formulates the problem, consisting in search of such generalization of the concept of func-tions, which is more suitable for the adequate reflec-tion of causal relationships in the real domain. Also, it discusses theoretical and practical solving the prob-lem, consisting in: (a) we suggest the universal method of calculating the amount of information in the value of argument about the meaning of the function, i.e. cognitive functions which is independent from the subject area; b) we offer software tools: Eidos intelli-gent system, allowing in practice to carry out these calculations, i.e. to build cognitive functions based on a fragmented noisy empirical data of high dimension. We also offer the concepts of nonreducing, partially and completely reduced direct and inverse, positive and negative cognitive functions and the method of formation of reduced cognitive function, which is a generalization of known weighted least-squares meth-od on the basis of observation the amount of infor-mation in the values of the argument about the values of the functions accounting
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HISTORICAL TENDENCIES OF ECONOMIC GLOBALIZATION
DescriptionIn this work, prerequisites of processes of globalization of economies which source, according to authors, is the scientific and technological revolution of the XVIIIXIX century of century are considered. Dissemination of new technologies led to the international labor division, and emergence of information technologies promoted to increase in speed of communications, deleting of economic borders between the countries. A specific place in processes of globalization is held by space technologies by means of which there was a possibility of exchange of information between various consumers and the companies, which are in the different countries and continents. Based on the carriedout analysis, it is revealed that in the conditions of globalization pressure of group of industrially developed countries upon the rest of the world for the purpose of imposing of a certain model of their existence by the rest amplifies. The tool in competition are new technologies which help to drive the national companies out of the local markets. A special role in the course of globalization is played by information and space technologies of communication and broadcasting. Only competitive hi-tech productions focused on perspective technological ways can resist to influence of the international corporations. According to authors, distribution of innovative technologies has to contribute to the uniform development of all countries, formation of the multipolar world, the excluding domination of any country or the international group
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Description
The practice of separate financing of projects of civil and defensive nature, which has been developed in Russia, requires, in the conditions of an aggravation of an international situation, increase in costs for carrying out researches and developments what to go a heavy burden on the federal budget. The analysis of international experience shows that industrially developed countries successfully solved this problem by means of distribution of dual-use technologies. The special effect is reached in space activities where dual-use technologies are widely used in the organization of communication, broadcasting and monitoring of the land surface. In the article, policy of usage of military technologies in civil sector of economy of the USA, Germany and China is analyzed. The policy of distribution of dual-use technologies leads to decrease in load of the budget and promotes attraction of a private equity in researches and developments. The main directions are conversion, sale of information from military companions to the commercial organizations and acquisition by military of information from commercial companions here. Backwardness of the market relations, impracticality of controlling mechanisms, developments and carrying out scientific and technical policy and other problems can become the main obstacle in a way to distribution of dual-use technologies in Russia. However, instability of the revenues of the Russian budget caused by volatility of the prices of energy resources and other external factors puts the most important priority of national economic policy development and distribution of double technologies
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Description
The article describes a new approach to the assessment of the economic system. The authors propose to assume that the system grows, if its share in the world production increases. For the qualitative assessment, we have offered to analyze the dynamics of growth of exports of products with high benefit to the foreign countries, which include engineering goods, defense, manufacturing materials. On the world market of hightech products, we have the stiff competition and the growth of exports of domestic products with high benefit indicates high level of innovation. Based on the analysis of available statistical data, we revealed a correlation between exports of innovative products, the volumes of financing research and development and foreign direct investment in the national economy. It was determined foreign capital has a negative impact on exports of products with high benefit. The authors proposed a two-factor regression model, which allows you to make short-term forecasts and allocate resources. The study showed that despite the ongoing economic sanctions and unsuccessful economic reforms in the past, Russia has a high potential for innovation, which is activated when reducing the influence of foreign capital. Attempts to isolate the Russian economic system led to the mobilization of resources and the growth of innovation activity of domestic business
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THE PROBLEM OF RESEARCH OF FINAL RANKING FOR GROUP OF EXPERTS BY MEANS OF KEMENY MEDIAN
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionIn various applications, it is necessary to analyze several expert orderings, i.e. clustered rankings objects of examination. These areas include technical studies, ecology, management, economics, sociology, forecasting, etc. The objects can be some samples of products, technologies, mathematical models, projects, job applicants and others. In the construction of the final opinion of the commission of experts, it is important to find clustered ranking that averages responses of experts. This article describes a number of methods for clustered rankings averaging, among which there is the method of Kemeny median calculation, based on the use of Kemeny distance. This article focuses on the computing side of the final ranking among the expert opinions problem by means of median Kemeny calculation. There are currently no exact algorithms for finding the set of all Kemeny medians for a given number of permutations (rankings without connections), only exhaustive search. However, there are various approaches to search for a part or all medians, which are analyzed in this study. Zhikharev's heuristic algorithms serve as a good tool to study the set of all Kemeny medians: identifying any connections in mutual locations of the medians in relation to the aggregated expert opinions set (a variety of expert answers permutations). Litvak offers one precise and one heuristic approaches to calculate the median among all possible sets of solutions. This article introduces the necessary concepts, analyzes the advantages of median Kemeny among other possible searches of expert orderings. It identifies the comparative strengths and weaknesses of examined computational ways
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TWO-SAMPLE WILCOXON TEST - ANALYSIS OF TWO MYTHS
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionIt was established that the two-sample Wilcoxon test (Mann-Whitney test) was designed to test the hypothesis H0: P(X
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DETECTION OF DEVIATIONS IN CONTROLLING SYSTEM (FOR EXAMPLE, MONITORING THE LEVEL OF FLIGHT SAFETY)
DescriptionControl charts are proposed to use as a tool to detect deviations in the controlling system. This proposal is considered for monitoring flight safety. Possibility of use in practice of airlines of a new indicator of flight safety level and a new method of its monitoring is discussed. As an indicator the ERC of ARMS group, and as a method of monthly and weekly monitoring – a method of the cumulative sums are offered