Bauman Moscow State Technical University
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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ABOUT CONTROLLING OF SCIENTIFIC ACTIVITY
DescriptionWe have selected the new area of controlling - scientific activity controlling. We consider some problems of development in this field, primarily the problem of selection of key performance indicators. It’s been founded that administrative measures stimulated the pursuit of a number of articles published in scientific journals hinders the development of science. Methodological errors - emphasis on citation indexes, impact factors, etc. - lead to wrong management decisions. As the experience of the UK, an expertise should be applied in the management of science. The article briefly discusses some of the drawbacks of the system of scientific specialties. It is proposed to expand research on the science of science and scientific activity controlling. We have also discussed the problems of controlling in applied research organizations
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ESTIMATES OF PROBABILITY DENSITY FUNCTION IN SPACES OF ARBITRARY NATURE
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionLinear estimators of the probability of density in the spaces of an arbitrary nature and particular cases – nuclear, histogram, the Fix-Hodges type estimates are introduced. Consistency and asymptotic normality of linear estimates are proved under natural conditions. It is shown that the probability of the area can be found by linear density estimates. A special case of a finite set are discussed, it was found that sample mode converges to the theoretical one
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ORGANIZATIONAL-ECONOMIC MODELING OF THE CONTROL PROBLEMS OF ECONOMIC UNITS
DescriptionThe management was established in Bauman Mos-cow State Technical University. The core of the economic theory is engineering economics, above all - product lifecycle management, controlling and organizational-economic modelling. The article illustrates how economists and managers can help teams to achieve innovation
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MAIN FEATURES OF THE NEW PARADIGM OF MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionThe new paradigm of mathematical statistics is based on the transition from parametric to nonparametric statistical methods, the numerical data - to non-numeric, on the intensive use of information technology. Its distinctive features are revealed in comparison with the old paradigm of mathematical statistics in the mid-twentieth century
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PROBABILISTIC-STATISTICAL METHODS IN KOLMOGOROV’S RESEARCHES
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionFrom a modern point of view we have discussed Kolmogorov’s researches in the axiomatic approach to probability theory, the goodness-of-fit test of the empirical distribution with theoretical, properties of the median estimates as a distribution center, the effect of "swelling" of the correlation coefficient, the theory of averages, the statistical theory of crystallization of metals, the least squares method, the properties of sums of a random number of random variables, statistical control, unbiased estimates, axiomatic conclusion of logarithmic normal distribution in crushing, the methods of detecting differences in the weather-type experiments
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01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionCurrently, the majority of scientific, technical and economic studies use statistical methods developed mainly in the first third of the XX century. They constitute the content of common textbooks. However, mathematical statistics are rapidly developing in the next 60 years. In some situations there is a need of the transition from classical to modern methods. As an example, we discuss the problem of testing the homogeneity of two independent samples. We have considered the conditions of applicability of the traditional method of testing the homogeneity based on the use of Student's t-statistic, as well as more up-to-date methods. We describe a probabilistic model of generation of statistical data in the problem of testing the homogeneity of two independent samples. In terms of this model the concept of "homogeneity" ("no difference"), can be formalized in different ways. High degree of homogeneity is achieved if the two samples are taken from one and the same population (absolute homogeneity). In some cases it is advisable to testing the coincidence of some characteristics of the elements of the sample - mathematical expectations, medians, variances, coefficients of variation, and others (testing the homogeneity of characteristics). To test the homogeneity of mathematical expectations is often recommended classic t-test. It is believed that the samples taken from a normal distributions with equal variances. It is shown that for scientific, technical and economic data the preconditions of two-sample t-test usually are not performed. To test the homogeneity of mathematical expectations instead of t-test we have offered to use the Cramer-Welch test. We have considered the consistent nonparametric Smirnov and Lehmann-Rosenblatt tests for absolute homogeneity
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CURRENT STATUS OF NONPARAMETRIC STATISTICS
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionNonparametric statistics is one of the five points of growth of applied mathematical statistics. Despite the large number of publications on specific issues of nonparametric statistics, the internal structure of this research direction has remained undeveloped. The purpose of this article is to consider its division into regions based on the existing practice of scientific activity determination of nonparametric statistics and classify investigations on nonparametric statistical methods. Nonparametric statistics allows to make statistical inference, in particular, to estimate the characteristics of the distribution and testing statistical hypotheses without, as a rule, weakly proven assumptions about the distribution function of samples included in a particular parametric family. For example, the widespread belief that the statistical data are often have the normal distribution. Meanwhile, analysis of results of observations, in particular, measurement errors, always leads to the same conclusion - in most cases the actual distribution significantly different from normal. Uncritical use of the hypothesis of normality often leads to significant errors, in areas such as rejection of outlying observation results (emissions), the statistical quality control, and in other cases. Therefore, it is advisable to use nonparametric methods, in which the distribution functions of the results of observations are imposed only weak requirements. It is usually assumed only their continuity. On the basis of generalization of numerous studies it can be stated that to date, using nonparametric methods can solve almost the same number of tasks that previously used parametric methods. Certain statements in the literature are incorrect that nonparametric methods have less power, or require larger sample sizes than parametric methods. Note that in the nonparametric statistics, as in mathematical statistics in general, there remain a number of unresolved problems
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Description
For strategic and operational management tasks in the aerospace industry we use a variety of organizational-economic models and methods. Their set is called an organizational-economic support. In this article we discuss the approaches to the development of adequate organizational-economic support in the aerospace industry. In particular, we consider the problems of estimation of the effectiveness and management of innovation-investment projects to create aviation and space technology
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NONPARAMETRIC AND APPLIED STATISTICS IN OUR COUNTRY
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionWe continue the series of articles about the history of statistics. We discuss the development of nonparametric and applied statistics in our country in 1930 - 1980 years. We have presented the studies of the great statisticians of the twentieth century, such as N.V. Smirnov, L.N. Bolshev, V.V. Nalimov. American statistics show Russian debate about applied statistics. We have briefly listed the process of creation of the All-Union Statistical Association (1990) and its further developments
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NEW PARADIGM OF ANALYSIS OF STATISTICAL AND EXPERT DATA IN PROBLEMS OF ECONOMICS AND MANAGEMENT
DescriptionThe article is devoted to the methods of analysis of statistical and expert data in problems of economics and management that are discussed in the framework of scientific specialization "Mathematical methods of economy", including organizational-economic and economic-mathematical modeling, econometrics and statistics, as well as economic aspects of decision theory, systems analysis, cybernetics, operations research. The main provisions of the new paradigm of this scientific and practical field are developed by the author of this article in the 1980s during the creation of the All-Union Statistical Association. The new paradigm is compared with the old (corresponding to the middle of XX century). Is summarized monographs, textbooks and manuals prepared under the leadership of the author of this paper in the XXI century according to the new paradigm