All-Russian Research Institute of Rice
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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USING OF SSR MARKERS IN GENETIC STUDIES OF PRUNUS GENUS
DescriptionThis article discusses the actual problem of using SSR-markers in studies of the genus Prunus. We have examined the works on the most important cultures of genus, collected and analyzed contemporary literature of the subject. Data of the initial stage of Prunus SSR-based genetic diversity study in the North-Caucasian region has been described in the presented publication
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USE OF EPIN-EXTRA, R PREPARATION ON SEED PLANTS OF ONION
DescriptionAn important element in the technology of growing seed plants of onion is the use of physiologically active substances to protect plants from frost in early spring growing season. Damage to plants during this period affects seed production. In the experiment we used preparation called Epin-Extra R, with which the leaves of plants were treated a day before expected frost. Test results have shown high efficiency of preparation in the field and in the film unheated greenhouse. Treatment helps to balance the negative impact of low temperatures and obtain an additional seeds yield 92-95 kg / ha more compared with the control, due to the increase of seed of productivity of plants to 3.2 g
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STARTING MATERIAL FOR BREEDING COLD TOLERANT RICE VARIETIES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
Description27 introduced variety samples of rice from 8 countries were studied by the complex of biological, morphological, agronomic traits to select the most valuable genotypes for including them into breeding programs on development of cold tolerant rice varieties. It was found that the studied introduced varietal samples were characterized by variation in duration which varied from 120 to 182 days. Variety samples from Bhutan ATTEY, PARO DUMBJA (White) had shown response to photoperiod and the panicles didn’t appear in conditions of Krasnodar region. During the study there were selected high productive forms Obongbueo and Tinbubueo from S. Korea with grain weight 81.67 g / vessel and 74.43 g / vessel, respectively. According to results of research there were selected five cold tolerant samples Tong Jing 29 (China), Giza 178 (Egypt), Istigbol and Mustagillik (Uzbekistan), ZAKHA (Bhutan), evaluation result of which were on the same level with those of standard check variety Kuban 3, as well as those of samples with increased resistance IR83222- F8-14 and IR83222-F8-156 (Philippines), PARO DUMBJA (White) and THIMPHU DUMBJA (Bhutan). As a result of research there were selected three introduced rice variety samples Tong Jing 29 (China), Tinbubueo (S. Korea) and SR 30084-F8-156 (Philippines) which by duration, morphotype and agronomic traits are considered as candidates for further hybridization and breeding as sources of useful traits and properties
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Description
Tomato is one of the most popular vegetables in Kuban. Every year, the area under this crop in the region occupies more than 11 thousand ha. Currently the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use in Krasnodar region, includes more than 90 tomato varieties and hybrids, however, the need for new, more productive varieties is not reduced. The important task of breeding is development of varieties and F1 hybrids with stable realization of the potential, with high level of yield ability, resistance to adverse environmental factors. In the southern regions of Russia for tomatoes, especially during flowering and fruit ripening, the most unfavorable abiotic environmental factors are excessive heat (air temperature 35 - 45 ° C or higher) and high solar radiation. Adverse temperature conditions often act as a deterrent in obtaining high yields, due to the flowers and fruits drop. The article presents the results of breeding activities of the last ten years (2007 - 2016) on development of new tomato varieties and F1 hybrids for different purposes As a result of studies there were developed four tomato varieties and one F1 hybrid that meet the requirements of production and are adapted to abiotic conditions of cultivation in open field in Kuban
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ISSUE OF DEVELOPMENT OF NONWEEDING TECHNOLOGY OF GROWING RICE SEEDS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionAn analysis of the state of contamination of rice crops with red-grained forms was carried out, as well as impurity was found both in the seed material and in the soil. It was shown that there is a need to switch to non-weeding seed growing technology when conducting elite and reproductive seed production. Various variants of soil cultivation in combating the red rice forms are considered, both in the main and in the pre-sowing treatment. It has been found that after harvesting rice on heavily foul areas, it is better to burn straw, and not to carry out autumn tillage of the soil, the seeds of red-grained forms die mostly when wintering on the soil surface. The most effective method of soil cultivation for controlling of red rice forms in seed crops has been identified, in which the yield is increased, and the contamination of crops and the resulting rice grain is significantly reduced. The work carried out will allow reducing manual labor costs in the production of seeds, improving their quality and assortment, speed up variety changing and variety updating
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REVISITING THE RICE SALT RESISTANCE (REVIEW)
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe total area of saline soils of rice irrigation systems in the Kuban region reaches almost 80 thousands hectares. Salinization and alkalinization here become a limiting factor for cultivating rice and companion crops. In this regard, the tolerance of plants to soil salinity is a current problem of plant breeding that attracts the attention of many agricultural researchers whereas it is necessary to increase the yield in saline soils. Salt tolerance of crop plants is defined by a combination of properties which are based on the specific adaptation mechanisms. These mechanisms differ in nature and are associated with different levels of structural organization of the plant – from molecular to organismic one. The study of adaptation mechanisms at different levels of structural organization of plants is very important for increasing yield in saline soils. This article is a review giving a detailed analysis of plant salt tolerance research, particularly rice, which addresses the issues of inhibition of plant growth under saline conditions, the mechanisms of salt tolerance, the achievements and development of this branch of scientific research, as well as the application results of work found in the scientific literature
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Description
In this article, we discuss the results of the research of quality characteristics of Russian and foreign rice varieties. Possibility of using data in characterizing germplasm from collection is discussed
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RICE QUANTITATIVE TRAITS CONTROLLING YIELD AND THEIR INHERITANCE
DescriptionRice is a crop with high yields guaranteed by nature itself. In recent years, huge changes have occurred in the domestic rice cultivation, but despite this, there are still a lot of unsolved relevant problems. One of such problems is the development of high yielding varieties. The success of breeding largely depends on the availability of genetically diverse starting material with a wide response to changing environmental conditions, its knowledge and proper selection; as well as the identification of new sources of valuable traits and properties, among ecologically remote agro-types that enrich the genetic potential of domestic varieties. Development of a high-yielding variety is greatly influenced by economically important traits: plant height, total and productive tillering, the number of spikelets and grains in the panicle, grain size, weight of 1000 grains, etc. In modern biological science of heredity, there is still the question of the inheritance of quantitative traits. The study of inheritance of quantitative traits constituting the main elements of the yield structure is one of the most important tasks, the solution of which is necessary to speed up the breeding process. Inheritance of any trait is often determined by researchers by the magnitude of the dominance coefficient
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionResults of a complex assessment of hybrids of an apple-tree of new generation are given in article. The short characteristic is given to the best forms. Samples for various selection programs are allocated.
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A MODIFIED PROTOCOL OF RNA ISOLATION FROM MATURE LEAVES OF GRAPES FOR RT-PCR
DescriptionIsolation of high-quality RNA from the tissues of perennial woody plants, including woody grape vines, is very difficult due to the high content of phenolic compounds, secondary metabolites and polysaccharides and the ribonuclease activity of destroyed tissues. Most of the existing methods require either large time or financial costs, or do not give reproducible results in the case of RNA extraction from mature grape tissues. The modified isolation protocol is based on a combination and modification of the known RNA extraction methods, taking into account the characteristics of mature grape tissues. Existing commercial kits for the isolation of RNA from plant tissues showed a low efficiency of RNA extraction from mature grape tissues, primarily associated with "varietal specificity". Reproducible results in the extraction of RNA showed CTAB-method, however, it has several significant drawbacks associated with the duration of the extraction and the complexity of the processing of an RNA preparation with a DNAase. The developed method is based on increasing the concentration of mercaptoethanol and polyvinylpyrrolidone in the extraction buffer, eliminating the stage of RNA selective precipitation via LiCl, and replacing it with deposition on a silica-based membrane (SiO2) followed by processing with DNA-ase. and increase the purity of the preparation of RNA from genomic DNA in comparison with the original method. A modified isolation protocol was developed based on a combination and modification of known RNA extraction methods, taking into account the characteristics of mature grape tissues. This solution allows to obtain reproducible quantity and quality of RNA for the subsequent synthesis of cDNA and RT-PCR