All-Russian Research Institute of Rice
Author list of organization
List of articles written by the authors of the organization
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CURRENT STATE AND EFFICIENCY OF BLACK LEACHED SOILS OF WESTERN CAUCASUS
DescriptionThe article studies current state of fertility and productivity of leached chernozem used in the 11-field grain-grass-row crop rotation. Under the conditions of a stationary field experiment, a soil section was laid, a morphological description of the soil was carried out, its magnetic susceptibility χ was measured, soil samples were selected from soil-genetic horizons, in which the particle size distribution, physical and chemical parameters were determined. Studies have shown that leached chernozem is characterized by an addition density of 1.30 g/cm3, a solid phase density of 2.67 g/cm3, a total porosity of 51.9 %, χ = 1,045 × 10-3 units SI, pHwat. 6.5 units, humus content 3.2 %, its stock in the layer A + B = 468.2 t/ha, the sum of the exchange Ca2+ and Mg2+ 42.8 mg.eq./100 g. The use of mineral fertilizers increases the productivity of leached chernozem: the yield of sunflower of 11-field grain-grass-row cultivated crop rotation exceeds the control without fertilizers by 1.02-1.62 t/ha
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionMolecular markers for allele identification of breeding important rice genes Pi-ta (blast resistance) and Rc (red pericarp) have been created. Their efficiency is also checked
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DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY-RIPENING WHITE CABBAGE VARIETIES IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionEarly-ripening white cabbage has a special place among the vegetables cultivated in the Kuban region. It opens the pipeline of vegetables from the open ground and is supplied to other regions at a time when shortage of vegetables of domestic production is felt the most. Modern producer requirements to domestic hybrids are the highest - product quality, uniformity and productivity should not concede to foreign analogues. Ways to improve the quality of early ripening hybrids: development of lines based on modern foreign hybrids, high uniformity of lines by morphological and economic traits. Development of male sterile lines and dihaploid lines in culturein vitro can more successfully solve the problem of quality of early ripening hybrids. The use of the above methods and approaches helped develop series of inbred lines - gene sources for complex agronomic traits. On the vase of obtained lines promising earlyripening hybrids were developed. One of the hybrids, Ritsa F1, entered the State register of breeding achievements. Advantages of the hybrid: earliness, uniformity and high marketability of heads, high productivity. According to results of contest trial new hybrid Milana F1 is passed for State trial, this hybrid has high productivity potential for growing in sale cropping. Both hybrids were produced with the participation of male sterile line Dt46f, resistant to fusarium. High quality seeds of these hybrids were produced in a greenhouse in direct crop for a wide industrial and environmental testing
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DEVELOPMENT OF EARLY-RIPENING WHITE CABBAGE VARIETIES IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionEarly-ripening white cabbage has a special place among the vegetables cultivated in Kuban region. It opens the pipeline of vegetables from the open ground and is supplied to other regions at a time when shortage of vegetables of domestic production is felt the most. Modern producer requirements to domestic hybrids are the highest - product quality, uniformity and productivity should not concede to foreign analogues. Ways to improve the quality of early ripening hybrids: development of lines based on modern foreign hybrids, high uniformity of lines by morphological and economic traits. Development of male sterile lines and dihaploid lines in culture in vitro can more successfully solve the problem of quality of early ripening hybrids. The use of the above methods and approaches helped develop series of inbred lines - gene sources for complex agronomic traits. On the vase of obtained lines promising earlyripening hybrids were developed. One of the hybrids, Ritsa F1, entered the State register of breeding achievements. Advantages of the hybrid: earliness, uniformity and high marketability of heads, high productivity. According to results of contest trial new hybrid Milana F1 is passed for State trial, this hybrid has high productivity potential for growing in sale cropping. Both hybrids were produced with the participation of male sterile line Dt46f, resistant to fusarium. High quality seeds of these hybrids were produced in a greenhouse in direct crop for a wide industrial and environmental testing
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe results of development of rice breeding lines, carrying the wide range resistance gene to rice blast disease - Pi-40. For identification of the dominant allele of the gene the DNA - marker analysis was used. With co-dominant DNA markers plants from inbred populations that carry a dominant allele of this gene in the homozygous state were selected
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CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS OF RICE SEED PRODUCTION IN THE KRASNODAR REGION
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionWe have performed an analysis of the current state of rice seed production in the Krasnodar region. It is shown that over the last 10 years in Kuban a full variety changing took place, which was caused by State support of rice seed production on the federal and the regional levels. Agricultural producers of the Krasnodar region have completely stopped cultivation of medium-ripening rice of Liman variety, increasing acreage of new varieties such as Victoriya, Sonet, Diamant, etc. which allowed to increase crop yield from 47,1 centner/ha in 2006 to 63,0 centners/ha in 2015 and to improve the quality of commercial grain, decreasing the content of red-grain forms average in the Krasnodar region from 20,5% in 2006 to 1,8% in 2015. Legal basis of realization of state agrarian policy in the field of seed production of agricultural crops, including rice is reviewed, recent changes in the legislation of the Krasnodar region concerning seed production of agricultural crops are shown, as it was reflected in the Law of the Krasnodar region № 3062-KZ dated 28.11.2014 "On the regulation of certain relations in the field of seed production in the Krasnodar region". Areas contributing to the development of the rice seed production in the Kuban region are identified for further conducting of variety changing, introducing new high-yielding varieties into production as well as varieties of special purpose for import substitution
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COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF GROWTH OF RICE VARIETY BY GROUPS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionHigh growth-rate of plantlet is the integral index of intensity of physiological processes at rice and other cultures. 20 typical plantlets from each of two variants were studded (in the distilled water in thermostat at a temperature 29° C) by: length of embryonic root and coleoptile. Comparative analysis of trait characterizing the growth rates of rice varieties showed reliable advantage of Russian ones above the Italian and Chinese. Local varieties, regionalized until the year 2000, exceed new ones on this trait. Highest growth rates were characterized by medium grain samples. The white grain and red grain varieties are excelled other groups on the height of plantlet. Analysis rates of height of plantlets in the distinguished groups showed the necessity of prosecution of improvement of the above enumerated signs at the varieties of late term of ripening, long grain, with Waxy gene, colored grain. We recommend to sow this type of varieties on fields with good leveling, because of low speed of growth
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn breeding programs, evaluation of initial material is made on all the stages of developing the variety. Great difficulties for the breeding process are made by absence of modern mechanisms for storing, retrieving, manipulating the relevant data, and using the information previously obtained for use in solving the set breeding task. In order to organize the management of breeding process for development of high-quality rice varieties, based on the urgency of problem of intellectual analysis of data, the Database "Rice Quality" was designed as a set of structured data - the rice quality characteristics identified in the stages of the process of developing variety belonging to the "Rice". In the domain model, the infologic model, a set of parameters for evaluating rice quality in terms of out-of-program components is defined. The program is written in the Microsoft Access database environment using built-in query building tools, forms, reports. The structure of the developed tables includes static and refreshed directories in which the necessary information is stored, the tables are combined into one-to-many relationships, while ensuring data integrity, cascading updates and deletion of fields
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Description
CJSC Priazovskoye located in the Slavyansk district is in the area of the Priazovie marshes. Soil and climatic conditions make it possible to grow many heat-loving crops including rice. The farm specializes in the cultivation of rice and the production of meat and cattle dairy products. The rice system is divided into 8-crop rotations, where, in addition to rice, animal feed is grown. Livestock waste is used as organic fertilizer in the fields of crop rotation. In the field experiment with perennial grasses (alfalfa) as predecessor, the change in yield and seed quality of three rice varieties Rapan, Diamant and Flagman was studied. The rates of the applied fertilizers were: phosphorus 100 kg/ha, potassium 60 kg/ha and increasing rates of nitrogen from 30 to 120 kg/ha. It has been established that the optimal rates of nitrogen fertilizers after alfalfa are 90 kg/ha (a.i.) for Rapan and Diamant varieties and 60 kg/ha (a.i.) for Flagman. At the same time, the maximum grain yield was obtained for Rapan - 7.45 t/ha, Diamant - 8.27 t/ha, Flagman - 7.62 t/ha , and the best seeds were formed in terms of germination and emergence. Analysis of the crop structure of rice varieties showed that with increasing rates of nitrogen the productive tillering and grain mass per panicle increased. With the nitrogen rate higher than the optimum, the number of unfilled grains per panicle and the grain /straw ratio have increased. Based on this analysis, it can be considered that the number of unfilled grains per panicle and the grain /straw ratio can serve as indicators of the response of rice plants of these varieties to an excess of the optimal level of mineral nutritions
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe results of the analysis of yield structure elements, quality traits and biochemical indices of promising lines, varieties and varietal samples are presented in the article. Eight samples with high protein and amylose content have been selected in the course of the work