05.00.00 Technical science
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INVESTIGATION OF THE PROCESS OF EVAPORATION OF CHOKEBERRY INFUSIONS
DescriptionFor the design of rotary-film evaporators of the technology for food production we need summary tables of performance parameters of the process. To obtain them it requires a significant amount of experiments that require a large investment of time and resources. Therefore the actual task is reducing the cost of designing of the technological process, due to the choice of optimal parameters of the rotor-film evaporator. This problem can be solved by conducting a small series of experiments aimed at identifying general mathematical dependences of the parameters of the processes of evaporation on the performance of the device. Based on the obtained dependencies it is possible to find design and selection of evaporators. The study proceeded from the assumption that the maximum thickening of the initial solution in the evaporator, it is possible while achieving the maximum possible temperature, the filing of the original solution in the apparatus and performance during repeated evaporation and infusions from the fruits of chokeberry. The calculation is performed taking into account the prevention of adhesion of evaporated solution on the walls of the apparatus and the rotor blades, which may reduce the quality of the end product. The data confirm the effectiveness of the method of repeated evaporation on the example of concentrating the water-alcohol extracts of black chokeberry
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SECURITY ASSESSMENT PROBLEMS IN SAWMILL EQUIPMENT
DescriptionThe article deals with normative legal documents, regulating safety indicators of equipment, with particular focus on woodworking machinery, including log-processing equipment. General and specific requirements have been highlighted in terms of their analyses. The necessity of safety requirements’ specification in technical guidelines, with reference to construction of industry-specific trend equipment, according to newly accepted national, interstate and international standards for purposes of conformity assessment. Nonconformities were determined on the terms in Technical Guidelines of the Customs Union 021/2011, fundamental documents for woodworking equipment GOST EH 1070 and GOST ISO 12100. Relevant topic issues are declared in this work. Manufactures consider them when risk valuation is performed in point of existing equipment and that, under development non-standard equipment, connected with diversity of normative documents, absence of information about customers’ experience, accidents while operating comparable machinery, etc. The paper emphasizes complications, which participants of standard programs face, namely, development contractors and users, accredited test laboratories and certification bodies, state oversight authorities, when woodworking machinery conformity assessment is performed. The suite of safety metrics was suggested for valuation of log-processing equipment and two-level log frames, particularly, on the basis of technical guidelines requirements TG CU 021/2011 “On machinery and equipment safety”, and standards GOST EH 1070, GOST 12.2.026.0, GOST R 5454123 and GOST R 51898. The necessity of standard realization was demonstrated in relevance to obsolete methods of control over equipment (geometric and technology accuracy). GOST 10294 was accepted in 1990 and hasn’t been actualized since that time. That is the reason why it seems impossible to estimate equipment condition, as recommended monitoring facilities are missing
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TEMPORAL HARMONIZATION IN PLANNING ACTIONS OF GROUPS OF OBJECTS IN REAL OPERATING TIME
DescriptionThe article considers problems of constructing a temporal processor in the planning and management of a multitude of objects using various temporal theories of representing temporal factors of perception of the external environment based on the phenomenon of human memory
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SCENARIO APPROACH TO PROJECT MANAGEMENT
DescriptionThe study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, within the framework of the RFBR research project 17-02- 00475a "Application of metaheuristic algorithms to solving direct and inverse problems of optimizing control of spatially distributed complexes". The article considers the task of scenario approach to project management in case of abnormal progress of its implementation. Various contingencies have been analyzed in the course of project implementation. A model of the scenario approach for project management using the training principle with reinforcement is proposed
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Description
A complete balanced feed mixture includes sunflower cake, silage, beet fodder and roughage that have nutritional value. For preparation and their distribution it is necessary to have the following facilities under provided with reducing energy intensity and improving the qualitative indicators of processes: for the grinding of sunflower cake and beet fodder we need disk shredder plate with a knife, which makes a shock-centrifugal effect on them; silage and roughage – bearnie in which the cylindrical beater with knives and rotary blade rotor with paired cutting knives, respectively, which perform shock-centrifugal influence on them; for dispensing sunflower cake and beet fodders required automatic volumetric dispensers batch cookers operating on open cycle with the working body of the belt; silage and roughage – automatic volumetric dispensers batch cookers operating on open cycle with disc and drum working body, respectively; to mix sunflower cake – universal, mobile rotary mixer with blades periodic operation portion short-term and multi-stage batch mixing in which the material makes circular motions with a high speed of circulation; beet fodder, roughage – universal, mobile paddle mixers with blades of valencianos form of the periodic portion short-term and multi-stage batch mixing in which the material performs a stochastic motion of particles; silage – universal mobile paddle mixers periodic action of short-term and multi-stage batch mixing in which the material makes circular motions with a high speed of circulation of the blades of valencianos form; for distribution of silage and beet fodder – mobile, been feeders with mechanical loading of the feed ration in which the trays with the milling devices; sunflower cake and roughage – mobile, rotary and conveyor feeders with mechanized loading of the feed ration in which the front rotor with a horizontal axis of rotation and the conveyor of the milling devices, respectively
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DYNAMIC OPTIMIZATION OF GRAIN DRYING PROCESSES USING A CONTINUOUS MANAGEMENT SYSTEM
DescriptionThe article considers the dynamic optimization of the drying process of grain by proper selection of the required parameters. The calculations of the optimal parameters of the control device
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Description
The article has indicated the problem of the growth of document organization on the example of higher educational institution FGBOU "Kuban state technological University". Based on years of practice, the author conducted a detailed analysis of activity of service of documentary maintenance of management of the University and detailed analysis of the structure of the document taking into account the specifics of the direction of the organization. The article sets main tasks of service of the DOE, the actual problems of transition to paperless documentation of the organization's resources. We highlight problems of management and use of documents, due to the steady growth of documentary information. The major factors, influencing the growth of volumes of documents were given. Despite the rapid development of electronic document management in practice, electronic document duplicates the traditional paperwork. However, today the approach to document management is based on electronic technologies. The study of the author offers solutions to the general problem of reducing the volume of document workflow in the modern world
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RESTORATION OF WORN DETAILS OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY WITH GALVANIC COATINGS
DescriptionWe have conducted experimental and analytical studies showing the relationship of constant and pulse forms of current sedimentation on the physicochemical properties of chrome coatings: adhesion strength to the substrate, residual stress, fatigue life, elongation and contraction, yield stress, and endurance. We have shown the methods and modes of use of dilute electrolyte of chromium plating with organic additives, is capable of applying a chrome coating on parts of agricultural machines, surpassing the properties of the coatings obtained from electrolytes that are recommended by the GOST standards. The proposed hardening chemical-thermal coating technology for chromium in the manufacture and repairing of worn parts of agricultural machinery (rods of hydraulic cylinders, journals of crankshafts, spools, parts, gearboxes and transmissions, etc.), identifies the consumption of additives modifiers, proposed methods for their determination, confirmed by patents for inventions. The proposed technology of worn-out surfaces of parts of agricultural machinery of layer-block structure of the chromium coatings with improved properties. The influence of modifying organic additives on the structure of the intermediate surface film of colloidal trivalent chromium compounds, which in combination with the parameters of the bipolar pulse current allows you to specifically adjust the physical and mechanical properties of crystals of the deposited chromium layer with a grid of cracks, and without them for the required operating conditions of dry friction or oil environments, which increases the durability of the parts during use. The increase in yield, at the current 6-8 %, to 4 times reduces the degree of hydrogenation of the restored details, up to 3 times reduces internal friction, roughness, improves the limits of strength, toughness, elongation and contraction, increases corrosion resistance up to 3 times, obtained chromium coatings
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POWER SUPPLY UNITS OF OZONE GENERATORS USED IN AGRICULTURAL MANUFACTURING
DescriptionNumerous studies confirming the effectiveness of the use of the ozone-air mixture in various fields of agricultural production lead to an increase in demand for devices that generate ozone. With the increase in demand, the requirements for these devices also increase. Requirements from customers can be combined in the following series: mobility, ease of operation, ability to smoothly control performance. The solution of these tasks is an important scientific and technical task. This article describes possible options for power supplies for ozone generators, and offers a power supply circuit with the ability to adjust the frequency, the duty cycle and the amplitude of the signal arriving at the discharge gap of the ozonizer. Using this scheme will reduce the mass-size indicators of the ozonizer, thereby increasing its mobility, in addition, it will be possible to accurately regulate its performance and improve efficiency. If necessary, with the help of the proposed scheme, it is possible to introduce the ozone generator into the electric resonance mode, which will allow obtaining the maximum productivity of the ozonator. Thus, the ozonizer, equipped with the proposed power scheme, can be used in various technological processes of the same enterprise
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OPTIMIZING THE SHAPE OF A CENTRIFUGE ROTOR
DescriptionThe use of regenerated oils reduces the consumption of fresh oils for refilling, while oil filtration during the operation lengthens their service life and reduces the consumption of fresh oils for replacement. To restore waste oils, a variety of technological operations are used, based on physical, physicochemical and chemical processes. They are aimed at treating the oil in order to remove aging products and pollution from it. The studies have shown that the most effective means of recovering the quality of waste oils are small-size regeneration plants. The main difficulty in creating small-sized regeneration plants is the selection of a sufficiently effective, environmentally safe and economically justified method for the regeneration of waste oils, as well as its hardware design. This work is aimed at creating an efficient centrifugal cleaner