16.00.00 Veterinary sciences
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GLYOXAL - DISINFECTANT OF WIDE RANGE OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTION
DescriptionThe article gives brief information about the development of the domestic technology of industrial synthesis of glyoxal and presents the results of the bactericidal properties of it on various micro-organisms and depending on the structure of the treated surface
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SECONDARY IMMUNODEFICIENCIES OF SMALL PETS AND THEIR CORRECTION USING MURAMYLDIPEPTIDE
DescriptionThe revolutionary discoveries of recent years in immunology has proved that protection from infections and biological aggression leading role played by innate immunity, which leads to the launch and subsequent work of specific adaptive immunity. Today, it is well-known that almost any pathology of the animal affects the immune system and creates an immune imbalance, leading to development of chronic pathological process, frequent relapses and to the development of different kind of complications. Secondary immunodeficiency states are widely distributed and differ in many etiological factors age, nutritional, medicinal, infectious and neoplastic nature, which leads to increased susceptibility of animal to various раthogenic factors, the weakening of the body. Awareness of the role of immunological disorders in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases has led to the need use in veterinary medicines that are aimed to influence on the immune system of the animal at the known molecular mechanism, to combine safety with high clinical efficacy. In this respect, a promising immunomodulators of microbial origin, due to the knowledge of the recognition mechanisms of the innate immune system such as bacteria as a whole, separate structural units, including mini-optimal biologically active fragments. This review is dedicated to one of the immunomodulator of microbial origin – which is an analog of biologically active fragment of muramyldipeptide of bacterial cell walls ‒ glucosaminylmuramildipeptide (GMDP), which is the active substance of registrated in Russia drug with the trade name Glicopin for use in veterinary practice. The drug showed high efficiency when used in cats, dogs, rodents, ferrets with infections of bacterial and viral etiology; cancer; with the aim of improving the natural resistance of the organism of young and old animals; enhance the effectiveness of vaccination in immunocompromised animals; postvaccine reduce complications; reduce stress financial position, such as during transportation and various veterinary treatments; injuries and on-line intervention (for stimulation of repair processes and tissue regeneration); prevention of immunodeficiency in newborn animals; the reduction of postpartum involutional processes in the uterus. Analysis of literature data allows us to consider an important outcome of immunologiс discoveries of recent years is the change of views on the question of the treatment of infectious diseases and the role of drugs as activators of innate immunity, among which an important role is played by a synthetic analogue of muramyldipeptide (GMDP) is a drug with a known molecular mechanism of action
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Mixed infestations have been reported in cattle with EI - 73.5%. The mixed infestations of cattle productive performance of animals decreased proportional to the intensity of infestation E.granulosus and D. lanceatum. In the carcasses of calves, depending on the AI of worms, we have marked the reduction in the yield of muscle tissue from 72.8 to 63.2%, fat - from 9.2 to 3.0% (3 times). Heavily infested bodies have shown a shortfall of 60.1 kg of meat in slaughter weight
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The influence of new tissue preparation on immunobiochemistric blood indicators of cows and their calves has been evaluated
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Application of peptide feeding additive from tanning production wastes (PFA) in volume of 3% to the ration and succinate in dose of 25mg/kg from net weight during the whole period of fattening influences on activity of ATPase of nuclear and cytoplasmic membranes of erythrocytes, processes of amino acids transportation, energy exchange, protein biosynthesis. Feeding with PFA doesn’t bring about to essential changes of physiological condition and is attended by increase of net mass on 7,6%.
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THE EFFECT OF DALARGIN ON MYELOID LINK OF WHITE RATS' BLOOD SYSTEM WITH EXPERIMENTAL HYPOTHYROIDISM
DescriptionUnder conditions of white rats' hypothyroidism the changes were studied in myeloid link of blood system and corrective action of dalargin. It has been stated that dalargin causes lasting leukopenia, short-time eosinopenia with consequent normalization of their number and momentarily stimulates neutrophilopoiesis
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The article presents results of the study on the use of associations of probiotic bacteria in black-and-white breed calves. We have analyzed the effect of associations of probiotic bacteria on hematological (red blood cells and white blood cells, hemoglobin and hematocrit) and blood biochemical parameters at calves. It was found that the associations of strains of Bifidobacterium bifidum DSM 20456, ATCC 29521, and Enterococcus faecalis H22; Bifidobacterium bifidum DSM 20456, ATCC 29521 and Enterococcus faecium UDC 86 do not have significant changes in the basic blood parameters of the animals, while improving some of counts during their use
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BIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONS OF CAROTENOIDS AT CATTLE REPRODUCTION
DescriptionCarotenoid preparations are quite widely used in a health care, but in the veterinary and animal husbandry, their use is limited. In terms of livestock farms of the Krasnodar region and the Rostov region at the biochemical monitoring studies of the cattle blood the lack of carotene in the serum is revealed from 45 to 100 % of the samples. To study the biological function of carotenoid we used preparations, which are the oily solutions for injections: β-carotene (manufactured by FS 42-3867, which is produced from the biomass culture of the fungus Blakeslea trispora) and lycopene, emitted from plants. The cows in the test groups during the dry period and within two weeks after birth got carotenoid preparation subcutaneously at a dose of 10 ml per animal with an interval of 7 days. As a result, it was found out that the application of carotenoids has the most favorable conditions for the flow of labor and the postnatal period, which are manifested in the decrease in obstetric and gynecological diseases in cows and reduce the period of infertility. In the experimental groups the levels of vitamin A and carotene1,3 times higher (1,26 ± 0,14 μmol/L vs. 0,97 ± 0,09 μmol/L ) 1,8 times (0,34 ± 0 03 mg /% vs. 0.61 ± 0.11 mg /%) respectively in comparison with the parameters of the intact animals at a high level of confidence (P < 0,05). Phagocytic number and percentage of digestion of neutrophils increased by 8,5 %, the difference in the number of B-cells reached 9,1%, T-cells – 6,7%. In a humoral immunity found a significant increase in Ig A. After comparison of the level of lysozyme activity of blood serum was observed its reduction in all animals immediately after birth, but in the experimental groups this process was less pronounced. The use of carotene preparations helps to reduce the concentration of lipid peroxidation products in the body of cows (diene conjugates - by 16,6 %, ketodienes - by 35,7 %, malondialdehyde – by 11,3 %), which creates favorable conditions for the flow of the metabolic processes associated with ensuring the normal childbirth and post-partum involution of the genitals. In the group of cows, receiving the carotenoid lycopene, the dyspepsia morbidity of the newborn calves compared to a control decreased by 26,7 %, bronchopneumonia - by 13,3 %