16.00.00 Veterinary sciences
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THE RESULTS OF IMPLEMENTATION OF CATTLE EMBRYOS TRANSPLANTATION
DescriptionThe results of the analysis of the level of implementation of the method of cattle breeding by embryo transfer in an agricultural company from the Krasnodar region with a developed sector of cattle breeding. We have assessed the level of development of all stages of the method in the household, identified errors in the selection of animals and the increased value of culling donor cows and recipients, reduced duration of using recipient cows and high cost of all phases of the transplant process. We have raised a question of the need to change the criteria of economic evaluation of the results of the method
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SECONDARY IMMUNODEFICIENCIES OF SMALL PETS AND THEIR CORRECTION USING MURAMYLDIPEPTIDE
DescriptionThe revolutionary discoveries of recent years in immunology has proved that protection from infections and biological aggression leading role played by innate immunity, which leads to the launch and subsequent work of specific adaptive immunity. Today, it is well-known that almost any pathology of the animal affects the immune system and creates an immune imbalance, leading to development of chronic pathological process, frequent relapses and to the development of different kind of complications. Secondary immunodeficiency states are widely distributed and differ in many etiological factors age, nutritional, medicinal, infectious and neoplastic nature, which leads to increased susceptibility of animal to various раthogenic factors, the weakening of the body. Awareness of the role of immunological disorders in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases has led to the need use in veterinary medicines that are aimed to influence on the immune system of the animal at the known molecular mechanism, to combine safety with high clinical efficacy. In this respect, a promising immunomodulators of microbial origin, due to the knowledge of the recognition mechanisms of the innate immune system such as bacteria as a whole, separate structural units, including mini-optimal biologically active fragments. This review is dedicated to one of the immunomodulator of microbial origin – which is an analog of biologically active fragment of muramyldipeptide of bacterial cell walls ‒ glucosaminylmuramildipeptide (GMDP), which is the active substance of registrated in Russia drug with the trade name Glicopin for use in veterinary practice. The drug showed high efficiency when used in cats, dogs, rodents, ferrets with infections of bacterial and viral etiology; cancer; with the aim of improving the natural resistance of the organism of young and old animals; enhance the effectiveness of vaccination in immunocompromised animals; postvaccine reduce complications; reduce stress financial position, such as during transportation and various veterinary treatments; injuries and on-line intervention (for stimulation of repair processes and tissue regeneration); prevention of immunodeficiency in newborn animals; the reduction of postpartum involutional processes in the uterus. Analysis of literature data allows us to consider an important outcome of immunologiс discoveries of recent years is the change of views on the question of the treatment of infectious diseases and the role of drugs as activators of innate immunity, among which an important role is played by a synthetic analogue of muramyldipeptide (GMDP) is a drug with a known molecular mechanism of action
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ETIOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF ANEMIA IN DOG INTOXICATION
DescriptionDog poisoning toxicant used at home for rodent control (often based on zinc phosphide ) is accompanied by the development of anemia . In etiopathogenesis of this type of pathology of the blood we can highlight as important: haemolytic , haemorrhagic and allergic components, but the nature and extent of the changes under there are unequal. This requires the development of a special algorithm of examination and treatment strategies of the animal in accordance with the stages of the development of the disease. Modern conditions dictate the need, along with the actions to carry out urgent medical identification as the main etiological factor and pathogenesis, and the leading pathogenetic factors that pose a threat to the danger of other pathological processes and disease states. First, we evaluate the extent of damage to the liver, kidneys, heart, spleen and blood vessels, which is possible only if the clinic has appropriate methods and equipment. It is undeniable in this regard the importance of evidence-based recommendations for dietary nutrition of the affected animal's behavior after the clinic urgent remedial measures. The article proves high importance of evaluating the effectiveness of the treatment in the clinic
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EXPERIENCE OF USING NATURAL MINERAL COMPOUNDS FOR METABOLIC DISORDERS IN CATTLE
DescriptionIn this study we show the results of the use of natural mineral compounds in metabolic disorders in cattle-breeding complexes of industrial type. According to official data for 2013-2015, based on the biochemical analysis of blood of cattle, that was held in some farms of Samara region, significant metabolic disorders were determined due to decrease in total protein level on 31,5% in average, decrease in alkali reserve – on 26,9% of samples, decrease in calcium concentration – on 40,7%, decrease of the phosphorus – on 8,1%, decrease in carotene – on 81,7% and glucose – on 84,3% of studies. Clinical examination of herd revealed a high level of animals with obvious signs of mineral metabolism disorders (osteodystrophy and rickets of alimentary origin) and comorbidity (nutritional anemia, gastroenteritis, pneumonia, disturbance of protein, carbohydrate and vitamin metabolism, and others). The use of complex natural compounds improves the efficiency of the traditional complex of treatment and prophylaxis, causing an increase in the total concentration of calcium in the blood serum on 10-55%, increase in calcium-phosphorus ratio till 1,27-2,3, increase in annual growth rate of young animals’ body weight on 8,2-44,8%, increase in milk production on 5,9-16,3%. Preparations have an antianemic action, normalize indicators of micronutrient metabolism of proteins and carbohydrates, enhance non-specific resistance factors and prevent the development of non-contagious internal pathology
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Description
According to the title, the article describes the causes and contributing factors of functional disorders of the uterus and ovaries at cows. The authors specified the percentage incidence of these animals’ pathologies in some farms of Krasnodar Region, especially in industrial complexes. Studies have shown that acute postpartum endometritis has a definite influence on the functional disorders of the ovaries at cows. Authors have found that the cows via 2-4 months after calving with ovarian hypofunction in early postnatal period have had purulent-catarrhal endometritis in 87.9%, fibrinous - in 12% of cases. At cows which have had persistent corpus luteum in 54.6% of cases was registered purulent-catarrhal endometritis, in 27.6% - fibrinous, in 17.8% - necrotizing metritis. At cows with ovarian cysts fibrinous endometritis was observed in 63.2% of cases, necrotizing metritis - in 36.7%. Thus, the more severe form of uterine inflammation was observed in cows, the more severe form of ovarian functional disorders observed in them. The authors found that any factors which negatively acting on the central nervous system or hormone levels, directly or indirectly, sharply reduce the reproductive function of animals
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Description
The article presents the use of intensive methods of diet herd reproduction that will increase the productivity and profitability of the sheep industry. One of such methods is in vitro fertilization (IVF). For the success of in vitro fertilization procedure, an important requirement is the availability of highquality nutrient media, which help to preserve the genetic material and contribute to the further development of the zygote. The main requirement to the media for sperm is the ability of media not to cause their agglutination. The aim of our work was to search for new ways to reduce the agglutination of spermatozoa in the preparation of freshly prepared sperm in the process of production of embryos in vitro. To eliminate the agglutination of spermatozoa in the semen preparation stage, we used GCY medium, followed by demolition of seed in SOFw environment, which has resulted in a significant (almost 15 times!) reduce of the number of bound sperm. In our opinion, a decrease in agglutination in GCY buffer was connected with a specific influence of the constituent components of sperm. Conclusion: Thus, our method of preparation of freshly prepared sperm for in vitro fertilization allows a sharp decline in sperm agglutination, which will improve the fertility of eggs during the production of embryos in vitro sheep
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CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY OF A NEW COMPLEX HEPATOPROTECTIVE PREPARATION
DescriptionThis article presents the results of the studies of the influence of a new complex hepatoprotective preparation on the basic system of the body, the mechanism of occurrence and manifestation of its biological effects, the dependence of this action from the components that are parts of the preparation, the dose, as well as the regularity of manifestation of possible side effects. The effect of the different doses of the preparation (1% and 2%) on the average daily weight gain and morphological and biochemical indices of the birds’ blood was studied. The conducted research determined a stimulatory influence of the preparation on the growth, development and safety of broiler chickens. The new hepatoprotector exhibits the properties aimed on revitalizing the erythro- and hematopoiesis and magnification of the cellular immunity against the exogenous influence. The use of the preparation helps to improve liver function and reduce the toxic load on hepatocytes, which manifests an increase in a number of metabolic parameters, such as total protein, glucose, calcium, phosphorus. We have noted an expressed hepatoprotective effect on the enzyme activity of AST and the remission of the cytolytic syndrome of the experimental chickens. Thereby it was found out that the complex hepatoprotective preparation has a pronounced pharmacological activity, providing a significant impact on the energy of the broiler chickens’ growth and their safety, morphological and biochemical indices of the blood and metabolic processes in the body of the bird
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Description
According to the veterinary reporting on 01.01.2016, presence of a bird in the agricultural organizations and poultry farms makes 13 million 440 thousand heads, in the private sector (hens, geese, ducks, etc.) - 6 million 287 thousand heads. In 2015 in the Krasnodar region 3 million 337 thousand 127 heads were subjected to bacterination against smallpox and a diphtheria. Data on registration of outbreak of smallpox of birds in a private farmstead of the Krasnodar region are presented in article. The case rate and a mortality at hens of breeds of Kulanga and Bramah and pigeons of the Andijan breed are studied. The dermal, diphtheroid and admixed forms of clinical implication of smallpox at hens of different breeds and pigeons in this farmstead are studied. Pathoanathomical features of implication of smallpox of birds are studied. The biological test on chickens of 3-4-month age and a microscopy of the painted smears prints on Pashena is carried out. In smears Pashen's little bodies are found. The events for elimination of a disease in this LTD including rejection of a sick bird, the compelled bacterination at an acquisitive bird, mechanical cleaning and disinfection in a hen house and a dovecot, isolation and a symptomatic treatment of breeding birds are developed and held
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Description
The level of development of modern medical equipment for the past 20-30 years is in constant development, many of the technologies and methods of treatment of certain diseases that were previously only available for the treatment of a person with success began to penetrate in the veterinary practice. The objective aim at the initial stage was the establishment of testing and suitability for the cultivation of autologous dermal fibroblasts animals of previously known techniques and the modernization of the existing techniques. Next, we had to carry out measurements of morphometric parameters and to identify structural features and functional activity of fibroblasts of different kinds of agricultural animals. Conclusions: The study showed the conducted morphometric autologous dermal fibroblasts tests allowed us to obtain the correlation line. In addition, to identify common patterns in the development and growth of fibroblasts derived from different species of agricultural animals. And also, to obtain material for comparative evaluation of the quality of the obtained cell cultures using entropy equivalent
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USE OF FLUCONAZOLE FOR TREATMENT OF CHRONIC ENDOMETRITIS AT COWS
DescriptionThat article is of interest to practicing veterinarians. Currently, the biggest obstacle in the development of dairy farming is infertility at cows, which is caused by the presence of diseases of the reproductive organs, most of which is occupied by acute and chronic endometritis. The frequency of occurrence of chronic endometritis at cows reaches high levels, from 10 to 66.3%, averaging 14%. One of the direct causes of chronic endometritis is association of pathogenic and opportunistic microorganisms and fungi. Many chemotherapeutic agents which are designed for prophylaxis and treatment of acute postpartum endometritis do not give a high therapeutic effect in the treatment of chronic endometritis or amount and frequency of application drugs is very high. Analyzing the data, the authors developed a new drug which has fungicidal and antibacterial actions - Florinazol. The experiments showed that the use the Florinazol preparation in combination with myotropic, pathogenetic and vitamin preparations gives 90% of therapeutic efficiency, while the frequency of administration of the drug was on average 3 fold, and the duration of treatment was 5 days