№ 105(1), January, 2015
Public date: 30.01.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 64, 130 kb
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SOME PROBLEMS OF SOCIALECOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT IN MODERN ECONOMY
DescriptionClassical economic textbooks assume that the effect of a particular company on the environment is infinitely small, in particular, that resources required for an industrial firm are available, and it's only the price to be paid for their involvement. For a large corporation, the situation is quite different. It converts the environment by means of its activity. Objectively existing resource limits are become important. The effects are increased when we consider the economy as a whole thing. Therefore, we have the obvious need for careful consideration of management problems in the real process of interaction between the economy, society and environment. This article is devoted to some approaches to this consideration. We have demonstrated that the economy is the servant of society. In all the economical developed countries in the twentieth century the role of the state in the economy has been increased in 3-5 times. We have discussed the influence of the modern ecological situation on the economy and management. In particular, we predict the end of private enterprise in the classical meaning. We examined the social-ecological aspects of management of the state and personnel of the firm. Discussion of Russian problems we begin with an analysis of the dynamics of the main economic and demographic indicators of Russia, including the total fertility rate in Russia. The system of scenarios of population projections for the period up to 2050 shows the inevitability of significant reduction in the Russian population (in the absence of intensive management actions). We describe two basic scenarios of solving socio-ecological conflicts
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STATE OF THE RIGHT BANK OF THE CHELBAS RIVER IN CHELBASSKAYA VILLAGE IN THE KRASNODAR REGION
DescriptionThe river Chelbas – is the steppe river passing through all Chelbasskaya village of the Kanevsky area. Selting of small rivers leads to rise in level of ground waters and bogging of flood plains which become unsuitable for any use. Harmful influence can conduce coming in a reservoir of a large number of suspensions. Suspensions increase water turbidity, reduce depth of penetration of sunshine, i.e. reduce a layer in which there is a photosynthesis that conducts to decrease of primary production of a waterway and deficiency of oxygen. The increase in ground rainfall can lead to change of fauna of a benthos, a silting of spawning areas, death from suffocation of have already spawned caviar of fishes. Research of the right river bank of Chelbas in the territory of stanitsa Chelbasskaya included studying of qualitative structure of wood, shrubby and grassy vegetation of a coastal strip, visual assessment of its state and definition of the general projective covering. In the lower current of these rivers the mineralization raises to 3-5 g/l. It speaks, apparently, by that the water containing alluvial deposits in the top parts of valleys have higher filtrational properties better are washed out, than on surrounding watersheds and slopes, and also down valleys. Works on bank protection will improve a condition of a right-bank strip of river Chelbas
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Description
In the article we have considered theories of the policy analysis based on the quantitative measurements of the efficiency (productivity) of any economic policy direction. The question of the need of law formulation of the effective and ineffective management and bureaucracy is substantiated. We have given the components of the financial policy and stated the approaches to increasing their efficiency. The contradictions in the use of a conceptual framework of the analysis of the policies in the modern Russian legislation are revealed. The ratio of the terms of “politician” and “state regulation of the economy” is presented. It is also defined, that the discrepancy of the measures of the economic policy is a consequence of the lack of the united methodology of the macroeconomic regulation. The generalization of the world practice of the economy state regulation allows us to systematize the directions of the economic policy two components demanded in the practice – the formation of the common economic space and the solution of the narrower tasks within 6 main approaches: financial, branch, territorial, functional, typological and program and target. The integrated approach to the policy analysis focuses on the observance in the political activity in Russia of the requirements of the efficiency examination of the all making administrative cycles of the macroeconomic development from a goal-setting to an assessment of the received results, but not their selective analysis
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CREATING THE LOW BUDGET INTENSIVE APPLE ORCHARDS IN THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn the conditions of foothill soil-climatic zones of the Republic of Dagestan we have explored the creation of low-cost intensive apple orchards. This work was initiated by the authors in 2011 due to the Republic "Horticulture Development Program for 2011-2016", according to which, it was planned to plant 6,200 hectares of new gardens. However, the experience of gardening in the Republic, taking into account recently prevailing socio-economic relations, subsidized nature of the economic and a chronic lack of funds, shows the riskiness of the creation of high-tech pillar-dwarf plants with the cost of 1-1,5 million rubles per hectare. Inability to overcome quickly the existing problems in the development of the industry sharp gardening at this stage, forced us to seek a way in a single direction - reducing the cost of the creation of apple orchards, while maintaining their high economic efficiency. Theoretical studies were realized as a planting of the apple garden in the district of Karabudakhkent of Dagestan of four perspective late-ripening varieties on the medium growing rootstock in the spring of 2013. The results of the three years of scientific research were embodied in the creation of intensive apple garden on the medium growing rootstock which allow now to make the following preliminary conclusions: 1.It is possible here in Dagestan to create intensive apple orchards, with an estimated yield of 30-40 tons per hectare, on the medium growing rootstock already at a density of 666 trees per hectare. 2. Cost of such a garden, without compromising quality indicators, can be reduced in the current market price of labor and the necessary materials, up to 214 thousand rubles per hectare, with access to the full return of all costs in the seventh year of operation. Such intensive garden, according to common practice, during the period of operation is able to give at least 22 full-weighty harvests and provide a net profit about 6.6 million rubles per hectare, or 236,000 rubles per hectare per year for the entire period of alienation of the land for a garden
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionGreat practical and theoretical interest comes with a study of the transformation of calcium agrobiogeochemical in agro-ecosystems. The basis of the stability of the soil, as an element of the structure and functioning of the biosphere, constitutes historically approved biochemical cycles and flows of matter and energy, which remain unchanged under anthropogenic impact. Comparative analysis of the total content of calcium leached black soil allowed us to establish its decline after three rotations of grain and grass-tilled crop rotation. Without the use of fertilizers its reduction from baseline was 5.25% in the layer 0-20 cm and 3.87% in the 20-40 cm layer, with their introduction - 9.14 and 9.35%, respectively. This trend suggests a decrease in calcium reserves in the root zone of leached black soil in its agricultural use; this process is more active when using mineral fertilizers. This is obviously due to a large outflow of elements in the fertilizer background with harvest crops, and partly due to the influence of mineral fertilizers as chemical reagents on mineral soils, resulting in the release of calcium and moving it into the lower soil horizons. Along with the total content of calcium and its forms, we have analyzed the activity of calcium ions and calcium potential
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Description
The article presents the results of a study of microbiological content of the soil after microbial protection of plants. Preparations were obtained by the technology developed by Ltd. "Kuban agrotehnoloogy". We have established the presence of bacteria Azotobacter chroococcum and fungus Trichoderma viride in the soil. Investigation of Trichoderma viride was made with using plant residues. It is proved that the use of microbiological preparations for plant protection have positive effect to improve the microbiological composition of soil. We have substantiated the example of the summary application of Azotobacter chroococcum and Trichoderma viride for plant protection. A number of provisions of the article have a scientific basis of view for the "food chain" microorgaisms. Trichoderma viride enzymatic hydrolysis products are good food source for Azotobacter chroococcum . Azotobacter chroococcum facilitates transfer of available nitrogen for plant nutrition. These microbiological preparatioты were recommended for seed treatment of plants during the growing season and crop residues after harvest. We used such culture media as Capek, Beijerinck and Ashby. Soil samples for research were selected by "Temizhbekskaya" Ltd in the Stavropol region. The study may be interested for agronomists, biotechnologists, mycologists, microbiologists
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THE ROLE OF GAP JUNCTIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF ASTROCYTIC HUMAN BRAIN TUMOR
DescriptionRecently, much attention is paid to research the role of cell-cell interactions by gap junctions in the process of malignant transformation and mechanisms of antitumor resistance. Meanwhile, the greatest interest is astrocytic tumors. Depending on the degree of malignancy, astrocytomas are divided into: pilocytic astrocytoma (Grade I), subependymal giant cell astrocytoma (Grade I), pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma (Grade II), diffuse astrocytoma (Grade II), anaplastic astrocytoma (Grade III), glioblastoma (Grade IV ) gliomatosis cerebri (Grade IV). Information of literature devoted to astrocytic tumors (gliomas) - the most common brain tumor in large part obtained in studies in cell cultures and different contradictions. Along with data on the reduction of glial tumors cells communicability through GJ, there is evidence of an opposite character - a functionally active GJ in gliomas and inhibition of tumor growth by reducing intercellular communicability by GJ. However, up to now there have been no studies of the effect and function of hemichannels in cancer cells, which would provide detailed information on: 1) the characteristic of presence and relative abundance of hemichannels in cancer cells; 2) evaluation of absorption / release of hemichannels mediated molecules in tumor cells than in non-tumor cells; 3) functional consequences of activation and blocking of hemichannels in tumor cells and 4) the prognostic value of the expression / activation of hemichannels in human malignancies
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RIEMANNIAN GEOMETRY AND UNIFIED FIELD THEORY IN 6D
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionThe article discusses the Riemann's unified field theory and its extension in 6D in general relativity. It is shown that in 6D there are possible movements on two spherical areas in the form of nonlinear waves
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Description
In recent years, Russia has paid great attention to the theoretical and practical aspects of conservation. Since electric drives consume about 70% of electrici-ty generated, the most substantial savings achieved by using variable speed drives AC and DC. In this article, for the positional DC drive with speed-dependent resistance torque we have developed three energy-saving diagrams for large movements: with a speed limit of the drive; restricted maximum current anchor chain and speed electric motor; restricted maximum and minimum values of the current anchor chain of the motor and the speed of the drive. We have developed software to determine the parameters of energy saving diagrams for large movements of the executive body of the electric DC depending on the speed torque resistance. For the considered energy saving diagrams, which provide large movement of the executive body of the electric DC, depending on the speed of the moment of resistance, it is necessary to provide the following condition – the maximum speed of the executive body of the drive must be equal to the maximum allowable speed value. We have also defined analytical dependences, allowing calculating the consumption of the electric power drive by moving its executive body, in accordance with the proposed diagrams. Realization of the developed positional control DC motor with speed-dependent torque resistance will lead to energy savings
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Description
This article substantiates the importance of the development of the Far Eastern Federal District for economic growth and security of the country in terms of changes in the macroeconomic environment, as well as discloses the potential of this Russian Federation subject (huge reserves of natural resources, rich industrial base, trapping, reindeer herding, fishing, neighborhood with the Asia-Pacific region) and specifies the problems hindering its development (harsh climate, distance from the center of Russia, poor transport links, low population density). We have also presented a complex of government measures implemented to enhance the investment activity in the macro-region, including The essence of the federal target program, which determines the Far Eastern strategy of public policy, given the indicators and targets of its effectiveness. We presented and analyzed the actual data on the main indicators characterizing the volume, structure and orientation of foreign investment in the economy of the Far Eastern Federal District, designated by reason of their inefficiency and propose measures needed to create a competitive economy subject (to improve the economic and social integration of the population of the eastern regions of Russia with the rest of it; to invest in the restoration and creation of manufacturing industry enterprises; to reduce energy, transport, telecommunication tariffs; to develop mutually beneficial public-private partnership)