№ 111(7), September, 2015
Public date: 30.09.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 117, 260 kb
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Description
We have designed and offered a voltage quality analyzer that allows you defining relative deviation of voltage, voltage unbalance factors at zero and negative sequence. The device differs from the existing ones with simple design and circuit solutions; it has low price and the ability to conduct a continuous monitoring of quality indicators of electric energy
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VARIETY OF LEGUMES IN NATURAL COMMUNITIES OF THE YAKUT BOTANICAL GARDEN
DescriptionThe article provides the information about the species diversity of the family Fabaceae in the natural area of the Yakut botanical garden. It also provides the information about the method and the study area, a description of the ambient phytocenotic, taxonomic analysis, areal analysis, bio-morphological analysis (the variety of life forms) given by K. Raunkier, rhythm analysis, environmental analysis (by A.P. Schennikov), analysis of phytocoenotic. We have also provided a summary of the endemics of Central Yakutia - Thermopsis lanceolata R. Br. subsp. jacutica (Czefr.)
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FOREST AMELIORATION OF SANDY SOILS OF TERSKO-KUMSKOYE INTERFLUVE PLAIN WITH PINE CULTURES
DescriptionThe article considers the regularities of the growth and development of the plantations of Crimean and Scotch pine on sandy soils of Tersko-Kumskoye interfluve plain, presents the classification of forest suitability, estimates the forest growing efficiency and prospects of the use of pine species when forest amelioration of soils, suggests the technologies for forestations arrangement. During the past century there had been grown over 60 hectares of pine cultures on sands of Tersko-Kumskoye interfluve plain under the strict conditions of transition zone dry steppe-semidesert. The Achikulakskaya NILOS VNIALMI (N. K. Lalymenko, V. I. Kabalaliyev, N. S. Zyuz) managed to plant about 60 hectares of Crimean pine and over 5 hectares of Scotch pine cultures in the 70-80-th of the last century, about 50 % of them are still growing. The study of the said forestations led to the following conclusions. On the thick sands (6-8 m) of Bazhigansky forest area the stable growth of Scotch pine continues up to 25-30 years, that of Crimean pine – up to 30-35 years. By the age of 40 the productivity of Crimean pine forestations (170-260 m3/ha) exceeds visibly the accumulated reserve of Scotch pine forest stand (60-100 m3/ha). The increment in height decreases sharply starting at the age of 15-20 years for Scotch pine and at 25-30 for Crimean pine plantations. On the clay sands with the level of low-mineralized ground water of 2,5-3,0 m and despite high fall the stable growth of Crimean pine continues up to 35-40 years and more. On the monophase sands of Tersky forest area the Crimean pine grows relatively slowly during the first 10-15 years though more evenly year by year. The thick lamellar deposits and monophase sands with the depth of sweet ground water of 3-5 m provide the best conditions for forest growing. The longevity of Scotch pine plantations of 50-55 years and that of Crimean pine of 60-65 years can be achieved by current planting technologies and effective conservation of the forestations on the thick sands, while on the medium thick clay sands it can be 60-65 and 70-75 correspondingly, and on the monophase sands on the sites with the additional life-long sweet ground water nutrition – over 80 years. The following measures should be the most effective when afforestation of highly overgrown sites – the many-year fallow and thorough cultivation of inter-rows of young cultures and their planting with coulisses and blocks. When planting of cultures on interfluve plain on lightly overgrown sands of low water capacity the planting of seedlings by combined aggregates type MPP-1 provides the best results. The ecological and economical effectiveness of forest amelioration of pastures forms of the costs of the woody and non-woody forestation resources, their soil-conservation, environment improvement and recreation functions. The effect of one hectare of pasture protective pine coulisses planted on lowdegraded pastures should be about 35 thousand rubles during 50 years (average longevity of forestations), when amelioration of highly overgrazed pastures it would be 130 thousand rubles per year. The main part (80-90 %) of the benefit takes the costs of the prevented loss caused by wind erosion
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INTRODUCTION OF IRIDACEAE IN CENTRAL YAKUTIA
DescriptionThe results of introduction test of species and cultivars variety of irises in the Central Yakutia are described in this article. Climatic conditions of the introduction region are extreme and they are strong restrictive factor at introduction to the culture of many other species and cultivar of decorative plants. The condition of plants after rewintering was estimated on a 4-mark scale. Total number of the plants which were lost in the first winter (0 points) is 126 species and cultivars that is 60,9%. For 01.06.2015 year a collection of irises in Yakutia makes 40 exemplar of species (22 species) and 31 exemplar of cultivars (30 cultivars), 7 species of them are successfully adapted (3 points) (Iris biglumis Vahl., I. bloudowii Ledeb., I. potaninii Maxim., I. scariosa Willd., I. setosa Pallas ex Link., I. tigridia Bunge, Pardanthopsis dichotoma (Pallas) Lenz). The listed species annually plentifully blossom, form seeds and intensive form escapes. Four species Iris biglumis, I. scariosa, I. bloudowii, Pardanthopsis dichotoma are form stable self-seedling
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POLYMORPHISM IN PROMOTER OF PROLACTIN GENE AND ITS ASSOCIATION WITH PRODUCTION TRAITS IN CHICKENS
DescriptionProlactin (PRL) - is a peptide hormone. It effects on metabolic processes in mammals and birds. Indel genotype mutations in a prolactin gene were determined in 595 hens and cocks. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used. We studied four different breeds: Cornish, White Russian, Pushkin, Yurlov crower. Homozygous of insertion II, homozygous deletion of DD and heterozygous ID were observed in all groups. The differences in frequencies of genotypes and alleles were observed in all groups. Homozygotes II and allele I (frequency is 0,83) were the most common for Russian white chickens with high egg production and the lack of the instinct of incubation. Prolactin gene deletion was more common for beef Cornish. The frequency of D allele was 0,84. Pushkin chickens proved to be closer to the egg type. A significant number of heterozygotes with this mutation were noted in a population of Yurlov crower. It is recommended to use gene prolactin as a marker of productive indicators in chickens
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VARIETY OF MICROORGANISMS GROUPS LIVING ON BERRIES OF GRAPES
DescriptionThe wide variety of microorganisms has been identified in many wine-making countries on the berries of grapes. These are yeasts of different families, forms and kinds, bacterium, mold fungi. In the article, we present the results of investigating species composition of microflora of berries of white and red types of grape, which grows in different economies of the Krasnodar region and the republic of Abkhaziya. The sowings onto the elective media were conducted for the development of entire spectrum of yeast. The grown colonies after preliminary microscoping were separated into the cultures and subjected to testing according to the culturalmorphological signs, being guided by determinants and benefits. It was established the specific variety of microflora on the surface of the berries of grapes of all investigated types, without dependence on the place of their growth. Obtained data showed that the group of yeast, which constantly is present in the complex of the epiphytic microorganisms of grapes of Saccharomyces, Pichia, Hansenula, Hanseniaspora was characteristic for all types of grapes in all investigated regions. The heterogeneity of the taxonometric composition of microflora is shown. Prevailed yeasts were of family Saccharomycetaceae, form Saccharomyces vini. A quantity of yeast of Saccharomyces vini decreases in a number of Myskhako-Caucasus-Fanagoriya, that as a whole will be coordinated with the climatic conditions. Only the type of Pinot nuar grapes had yeasts of Brettanomyces Dekkera. On the berries of Cabernets and Karaburnu we have discovered yeasts of Schisosaccharomyces acidodevoratus, causing acid-reduction. On the berries of the grapes, which grew in joint stock company APF “Fanagoriya” we haven’t revealed the presence of lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus brevis and yeasts of the form of Schisosaccharomyces acidodevoratus. In the same farm the smallest quantity of yeastswreckers is noted, which we the forms of Pichia and Candida. In the microflora of Cabernets, Risling and, especially, Karaburnu grapes, we have found lactic acid bacteria Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus brevis. Lactobacillus plantarum. Among the bacteria the total quantity of coccic flora composes - 56 %, the rod-shaped - 44 %. Two types of active acetous bacteria are identified – Acetobacter aceti and Acetobacter xelinum. Especially high was their surface concentration on the berries of Kachich type of grapes
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BIOLOGICAL AND PRODUCTIVE RESOURCES OF LACTATING COWS AT DENITRIFICATION
DescriptionThe article presents the results obtained in the process of two scientific-practical experiments carried jut on two milk cows (Shvitskay breed) aimed at the antioxidants detoxication properties and mould inhibitor revealing. This factor is actual in the Republic of North Ossetia-Alania as the intensive technologies of the fodder crops cultivation using the nitrate fertilizers are widely applied in the region leading to the excess nitrates and nitrite penetration into the animals’ organism. During the first experiment, the antioxidants of epophen and vitamin C were added into the ration of the lactating cows with the subtoxic dosage of nitrates both separately and in complex. The complex feeding proved to increase the milk productivity, the fat mass and protein mass in milk while reducing the fodder expenditure per product unit. Beside, the lactating cows revealed the digestive and intermediate exchange betterment and the reduction of nitrates and nitrites level in blood. The second experiment helped to study Khadoks antioxidant and mould inhibitor called Mold-Zap efficiency use for the nitrates and aflotoxicin B1 detoxication. The researches showed that the complex admixtures of the said preparations introduction into the rations of the animals increased the milk productivity, fat and protein content and reduced aflatoxineM1 content. The cows activated the digestive and intermediate exchange, accompanied with the nitrates and nitrites level reduction in the organism
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Description
The present article belongs to the area of organic chemistry, namely, to chemistry of heterocyclic compounds. For the purpose of optimization of a method of synthesis the threecyclic heteroaromatic systems containing a pyridi-ne, thiophen and pyrimidine ring in one molecule, - tetrahydropyridothienopyrimidinon and dihydropyri-dothienopyrimidinon – reaction 3-aminothieno[2,3-b]-pyridine-2-carbokxamides with aromatic aldehydes is studied, some of which contain pharmacolodical groups. Reaction was carried out in the conditions of an acid catalysis – is used p-TsOH. Influence of the nature of solvent (toluene, ethanol, mix ethanol-dimethilform-amide (1:1)) on the course and the direction of reaction are studied. It is established that carrying out reaction in toluene leads to the dihydropyrimidine containing in situation 2 phenyl, 4-bromphenyl deputies. In the presence in a molecule of initial aldehyde of the deputy in orto-situation tetrahydropyrimidine are formed. Use of ethanol mainly leads to formation of a tetrahydro-pyrimidine ring. Boiling of initial substances in mix ethanol-DMF yields the results similar to use of toluene, but time of reaction is reduced twice. The way of receiving the dihydroderivatives short-term boiling of tetrahydropyrimidine is found in mix isopropanol-DMF (a volume ratio of solvents 1:3). Identity of the received substances is proved by method of a thin layer chroma-tography. The structure of the synthesized connections is confirmed with the element analysis. The structure of tertagidropirimidinon and digidropirimidinon is proved with use of data of IK and NMR 1H of the spectral analysis
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01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionThe steady increase in demand for isotopes requires the development of methods to increase the efficiency of isotope separation technologies. Methods of isotope separation based on thermodynamic differences of isotopic forms of the molecules don't require significant investment, but characterized by a low rate of exchange. It's known that the magnetic effect leads to a change the vibrational frequency of the molecules, and therefore their thermodynamic parameters. The change increases the thermodynamic parameters, including the exchange rate. The results of the experimental determination of the thermal effect of dissolving the salts of NaCl, KCl, CuSO4, sodium amalgam decomposition by distillate in a magnetic field and without field were shown. Magnetic interference can have a significant effect on the amalgam exchange method which was shown by quantum and mechanical analysis of the results
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01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionIn the article the application of systemic-cognitive analysis and its mathematical model i.e. the system theory of the information and its program toolkit which is "Eidos" system for loading images from graphics files, synthesis of the generalized images of classes, their abstraction, classification of the generalized images (clusters and constructs) comparisons of concrete images with the generalized images (identification) are examined. We suggest using the theory of information for processing the data and its size for every pixel which indicates that the image is of a certain class. A numerical example is given in which on the basis of a number of specific examples of images belonging to different classes, forming generalized images of these classes, independent of their specific implementations, i.e., the "Eidoses" of these images (in the definition of Plato) – the prototypes or archetypes of images (in the definition of Jung). But the "Eidos" system provides not only the formation of prototype images, which quantitatively reflects the amount of information in the elements of specific images on their belonging to a particular proto-types, but a comparison of specific images with generic (identification) and the generalization of pictures images with each other (classification)