№ 112(8), October, 2015
Public date: 30.10.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 151, 381 kb
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WAYS OF STABILIZATION THE ENERGY OF SMALL HYDROPOWER PLANTS
DescriptionThe article deals with the basic methods of stabilizing voltage generators for small hydroelectric power plants. It shows a block diagram of the implementation and analysis of the characteristics of the work; it reveals the advantages and disadvantages. The authors explain the features of the work of the functional circuits voltage regulators with discrete ballast, with phase control and management of the load current. It is shown, that to improve the performance of small hydroelectric power plants considerably we have to use contactless generators in their construction: asynchronous generators with capacitive excitation and synchronous generators with permanent magnets. The functional scheme of the voltage regulator, the construction of which has an additional field winding, simplifies the system voltage stabilization of the synchronous generator with permanent magnets, as well as a functional scheme of an asynchronous generator voltage regulator, made using step-up transformers, which significantly reduces the weight of the capacitors providing excitation of the generator and compensation of reactive power load. We have discussed the methods and devices for stabilization of voltage generators which will improve the effectiveness of pre-design work on the creation of new devices of stabilization of parameters of electric power generators for small hydroelectric power plants with improved operational and technical specifications
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COMPARATIVE DESCRIPTION OF METHODS OF DECISION OF PRODUCTIVE TASK OF LINEAR PROGRAMMING
DescriptionThe article presents the decision of the task of the linear programming. The basic methods of decision of this type of tasks are considered in the article. Every method has been characterized. Modern practice shows that this type of tasks and methods of his decision are widespread. The problem of decision of this type of tasks remains very actual and presently, although development of methods of decision of tasks of optimization got most development in the middle of the twentieth century. This question is important for not only major and shallow concerns and organizations, in industrial situations, but, as well, for all the members of social and economical relations. The example of decision of task of the linear programming is examined in the article; actuality of the studied problem is grounded. Description of each of the applied methods of decision was presented. In connection with wide development of information technologies, a lot of attention has been paid to the decision of task by means of computer calculations. The brought task and the charts illustrate all the importance of the studied problem evidently, on the example of small workshop possessing limited resources. On the basis of the obtained data, we have drawn a conclusion
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SERVICE LIFE OF THE SUPPORT ROLLERS OF TRACKED TIMBER HARVESTING MACHINES
DescriptionDue to strict economical factors, determining a service life of the structural components of a tracked timber-harvesting machine (TTHM), including the support rollers becomes a key issue for the manufacturers and customers. With that, optimum relationship between the original cost of the support rollers and their life cycle cost for maintenance and repair during the entire service life shall be observed. The timber harvesting machines are operated under severe environmental and production conditions. In the course of operation, they meet variable obstacle, including stubs, stones, fallen trees, etc., which in their turn affect negatively the service life of the support rollers. This article offers a research of the service life of the tracked timber harvesting machine support rollers. It describes main defects of the support rollers, including operational, mechanical and thermal ones, as well as embedded flaws and dynamic defects. It also presents the factors affecting the support rollers' wear. The article presents a service life-determining model where the following principle can be generally applied. Service life of a support roller is determined by its admissible operational wear-out divided by actual factor for this support roller and operational conditions
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DID THE PEASANTS BECOME SOCIALIST?
DescriptionDuring the times of the Soviet Union, it was believed that the collective farm peasants were a class of the soviet society that formatted its social basis together with the working class and the people’s intellectuals. There was also an opinion that the collective farm peasants took an active part in construction of the communism and in ever more intensive development of productive forces in the agricultural sector. Evolution of the peasants was interpreted as follows: in course of preparation and actual realization of the social revolution along with subsequent reforms, the poorest peasants acting as ally of the proletariat became stronger in their revolutionary mood and gradually mastered certain elements of the proletarian ideology. Revolutionary enthusiasm and mood of the poorest peasants changed the consciousness of most working peasants for the benefit of collectivization. The latter created in its turn an objective basis of all peasants’ transformation to a quite new social class and formation of its socialist psychology. At the same time, the peasants were always under suspicion, which related to their petty-bourgeois nature. It should be mentioned that there was not any voluntary move of peasants from individualistic sentiments to collectivism. The transition to industrial methods in agriculture and to integration of peasants to collective farms was not caused by some abstract class feeling of the peasants but by the economic necessity and expedience for the country. Therefore, we can observe a substitution of sense platforms regarding this matter, which is ascertained and reasoned in this publication
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STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT OF A TERRITORIAL DISTRIBUTED COMPLEX
DescriptionThe article is devoted to strategic management and implementation of the strategy. Management strategy is based on the management of strategic potential of the enterprise. The strategic potential of the company generates only those resources that can be changed because of strategic decisions. Analysis of the potential of the enterprise should cover almost all spheres of its activity: the enterprise management, production, marketing, finance, human resources. The article has designed a system of strategic management by the example of a construction company in the information management system territorially - distributed building complexes, thus improving the competitiveness of the organization, to provide timely and quality implementation of business plans
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STRUCTURE OF PROPAGANDA MACHINE ANTI-BOLSHEVIK MOVEMENT IN SOUTHERN RUSSIA IN 1919
DescriptionThe article is devoted to the study of the structure of the apparatus of propaganda of the Volunteer army and Armed forces of South Russia under the command of General M. V. Alekseev, as well as the changes implemented in this structure by generals A. I. Denikin and P. N. Wrangell. We have highlighted the high importance of an effective propaganda mechanism during the civil war and iIndicated the reasons why the propaganda machine on the "White South" lost the efficiency of similar structures of the Bolsheviks. We considered such reasons as the absence in the Volunteer army powerful single ideology, as the basis for further indoctrination, the Bolsheviks significant advantage in material and technical equipment and production capacity, and advantage in time, as the propaganda machine of the Bolsheviks began to form several years before the outbreak of the civil war. The article reveals the formation process of the news propaganda of the Department of diplomatic division and its subsequent reformation in the Publicity Agency (Oswag) of the Chairman of a Special meeting. We have also touched upon the dissolution of Osweg at P. N. Wrangel and the establishment of a number of departments executing its functions. It is concluded, that the changes in the structure of the propaganda of anti-Bolshevik movement in South Russia, were excessively complicated and mostly formal in nature, they did not solve existing problems, but only created new ones. It is noted, that the main task of all transformations in the apparatus of propaganda, i.e. to overcome the significant advantages of the propagandists of Bolshevism, was not achieved as a result of the considered structural reforms
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THE SUBJECT OF PEDAGOGICAL DISCOURSE IN RUSSIA AND GERMANY
DescriptionThis article explores the critics of pedagogical discourse within activity theory. This critical approach is provided explicitly in contemporary Russian philosophy by I.A. Karavaeva. Within activity theory, the idea of objectivity serves as a main criterion of an educational process, whereas a teacher and a student are losing their subjectivity. While a teacher is reproducing the learning material by means of the method, both of which are determined not by himself, a student should be reproducing the provided material as close to the original as possible. The learning process resembles the reflection in the mirror. The article raises the question of how to return the subjectivity back to pedagogical discourse. The article states that we should take into account the classical German philosophy by F.W.J. Shelling (concept of “un-grounding” of knowledge) as well as the contemporary continental philosophy by J. Deleuze (identity of thinking and learning). These theories help to understand how a teacher and a student can think and learn together. The dialogue between a teacher and a student produces a unique and contingent learning situation, when thinking is provoked by the necessity of interpreting signs and making them meaningful. In terms of didactics, this results in abandoning the illusion of primordial knowledge as well as in transition towards the post-methodological approach in education
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LEGAL PRACTICE AS A SOURCE OF CIVIL LAW
DescriptionThe article deals with the analysis of the role and place of court practice in the system of civil-law sources. The author introduces a debatable matter of the possibility to acknowledge the Russian law as case law; analyses significance of the judicial practice in the system of sources of the Russian law; outlines positions of experts on this matter and draws her own conclusions. The article provides a review of opinions of Russian law academics' and practitioners' on the topic of acknowledgement of judicial practice as a source of Russian law. The author debates and further concludes that assigning courts with the law-making function would benefit the efficiency of current legislation refinement. The author draws a conclusion that in the continental legal family court practice, which earlier wasn't considered a civil-law source, started gradually to turn into a secondary after civil legislation law source. The reason for it is because of more complicated social relations civil legislation failed to cope efficiently with the detailed legal regulation which is needed in property relations reglamentation. The author reveals the difference between the notions of "court practice" and "judicial precedent" and concludes that vesting courts with law making power can facilitate the improvement of the legislation in force, as well as the development of the civil law regulation. The final conclusion is that the litigation irrespective of the form of expression cannot be the independent source of law
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Description
The development of information and communication technologies of the socio-political sphere acquires new quality and presentation and implementation of political action from the federal level to the municipalities. In this connection it is necessary to consider and to conceptualize the notion of "network of local politics", highlight it institutionalized (eg, local government) and non institutionalized actors (such as local community network), describe their communication channels, and methods and tools used. All this will help to build a theoretical model of the "network of local politics" allows analyzing social and political processes at the municipal level. The need for this kind of analysis is connected with the diversification of the local authorities in various regions of Russia and uneven socio-economic development of regions due to various socio-cultural characteristics, geographical and other contexts
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THEORETICAL INVESTIGATIONS OF STRAW PARTICLES MOTION WHEN LEVELING HAY ROLLS
DescriptionOne can see some density irregularity within the roll in the baler with a chamber of constant volume. We have found out that the maximum density of hay roll width (the baler width) is observed in the middle part. This is due to the shape of the hay roll entering the baler. To even the hay rolls they have mounted some rotating disks having some inclined spring pins above the baler. To improve the roller distribution the disks above the baler have been pushed forward forming a tapering gap. The evening discs rotating above the moving roll will cause some relative motion of hay particles. The interaction of the evening disks with the hay roll in the vertical plane will be determined by the elasticity of the hay roll and the weight of the frame with the disks. We have studied the trajectories of hay particles motion with the help of MathCad program. We have had the following initial parameters: the degree of compaction (decrease of the roll height when evening), the friction coefficient, the angle rate of the evening disks, the number of pins and the speed of the hay roll. As a result we have got the trajectories of the hay particles motion when the evening disks functioning. The analysis of the trajectories has allowed to establish some basic parameters of the evening device such as the distance of 0.15…0.2 m between the pins; the degree of compression while evening 20...25 %, the angle rate of the evening discs 23...30 rad / s and the diameter of the evening disc 0.74 m. The application of the evening device in the form of the disks with pins provides a uniform distribution of hay particles edgewise of the baler ensuring preliminary hay roll seal press before passing to the baler pressure chamber that contributes to getting the rolls with larger mass and a uniform distribution of hay density inside the roll