№ 114(10), December, 2015
Public date: 30.12.2015
Archive of journal: Articles count 111, 292 kb
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FEATURES OF THE CALCULATION OF DEAD-END CHANNELS FOR THE CASE OF AUTOMATED IRRIGATION SYSTEM
DescriptionIn this article we consider the method of hydraulic calculation of dead-end channels with the numerical solutions of differential equations of motion of water. Dead-end channels are of interest for carrying out simulation studies, because they may be used for the simulation of water accounting and water distribution in the domestic inter-farm network. In order to improve management of water supply to consumers in the water distribution sites, in many irrigation systems there is an additional capacity in the form of a regulation pool. The applied method of active control of light distribution is expected to use the existing capacity of irrigation canals with automatic regulators to block the plants. When there is a complete disconnection of water consumers, the volumes in pools of water irrigation channel are redistributed to provide the command area in the water distribution nodes at any given time. This result can be achieved by automatic control of the level changes in individual pools of the channel in order to redistribute the volumes to backup pools of individual. Search and selection of the necessary rule of automatic controls can achieve the following objectives: to implement effective processes and management of water supply regulation in the specified node; maximize the use of volume tail water channels, preventing the threat of overflow channels; minimize the loss of irrigation water discharge
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CALCULATION OF THE UNSTEADY WATER LINE IN THE KRASNODAR SUBURBAN CHANNEL FOR WATER MEASUREMENT
DescriptionLow level of water accounting and poor control in water distribution in the irrigation system are the main negative factors of industrial influence on irrigated natural complexes. Complex ecosystem way to control water resources involves qualitative improvement and optimization of all parts and elements of irrigation system, from the headwater pool, main channels to local water distribution channels. In this regard, when engineering, constructing, using some new and reconstructed old irrigated systems, the most important problems are the optimization of water use from natural water resources, development and use of highly efficient water-saving and energy-saving technologies of water distribution and water use in the irrigation system. The problem of economical and efficient consumption of water resources on the studied water complex cannot be solved successfully without any related consideration of water accounting and water consumption questions based on system principles. System principles are supposed to collect, analyze and use the information, with the help of complex technical means, which are used for water measurement in conditions of water charges, and for the purpose to control the technological processes of water supply and water drainage, when the needs of water users are satisfied and the environment get less damage. In the work, we study the mathematical calculation of the unsteady water line in the Krasnodar suburban channel for water measurement. The imitated research of hydraulic processes were carried out on the mathematical model of water measurement, based on the characteristic methods, with the use of analytical solution of ordinary differential equations of the initial characteristics. The use of the considered method of water measurement in irrigation channels with the use of analytical solution of ordinary differential equations of initial characteristics will allow to optimize the processes of water measurement and to minimize idle and non-technological discharges of water from the system
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Description
The article presents the results of the research carried out in 2007-2014. The aim of the study was the composition of the microflora of the leaf surface of some plants of the family Grossulariaceae. Based on these data, the authors distinguish the typical representatives of the leaf surface microflora. The authors study the features of isolated strains interactions
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Description
The article presents the results of studying the growth-stimulating activity of the microorganisms of the genus Bacillus of leaf surface microflora arboreal plants in Stavropol. Isolated and identified strains of epiphytic microorganisms of the genus Bacillus with the leaf surface of plants: Quercus robur L., Carpinus caucasica Grossh., Fraxinus excelsior L., Acer campestre L.. Growth stimulating properties of 43 strains of aerobic spore-forming bacteria (Bacillus subtilis, Bac. megaterium, Bac. pumilis, Bac. cereus, Bac. Licheniformis) are researched. Selected strains are potentially promising in the development of microbial preparations for plants. A regional collection of strains of epiphytic organisms was formed
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PROSPECTS OF USING INVASIVE LEGUMES IN HERBAL MEDICINE
DescriptionThe authors propose to consider alien invasive species as new bioresources. These plants form powerful (usually single-species) thickets in the secondary range and their size are larger than at the native cenosis. The territory occupied by invasive species, especially in disturbed habitats, is quite high, so their possible yield is very high. The main problem of using alien species in the pharmacological purposes is the lack of information about the dynamics of the chemicals accumulation. Available data on the biochemistry in its natural habitat is inadaptable for the same taxon in the secondary range because of significant microevolutionary changes. In this work we present the results of phytochemical screening four legume species, formed invasive populations in the Middle Russia - Galega orientalis Lam., Lupinus polyphyllus Lindl., Robinia pseudoacacia L. & Caragana arborescens Lam. Information about these species as traditional medicine plants is given. Original data on the concentration phenolic compounds and biophile silicon in leaves and inflorescences are presented. Information on the fractional composition of the flavonoid complex is done. Taking into consideration the high adaptability of invasive species, the chemical analysis of the samples from different ecotypes was made. It is shown that accumulation of bioactive agents & biophile silicon isn’t depended on the environmental conditions. Concentrations of polyphenolic compounds were at the average level in comparison with medicinal plants. Thus, the combination of flavonoid complex with biophile silicon provides pharmacological significance of studied species, and justifies the needing the further study of invasive plant species in order to create new herbal medicines
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INTRODUCTION OF RHODIOLA ROSEA L. IN THE CENTRAL YAKUTIA
DescriptionThe flora of Yakutia is rich in medicinal plants. Many of these plants are not still studied totally. The species Rhodiola (Crassulaceae) is one of the most popular family which are widely used by the local population for therapeutic purposes. Medicals use the rhizome and roots of Rhodiola rosea as a source of medicinal raw materials. This means the removal and destruction of plants. The procurement should be carried out solely on the basis of plants grown in culture because of the rarity and few natural reserves of the species. R. rosea L. passes a full cycle of the sprouts, blossoming and bearing fruits during the introduction in the conditions of Central Yakutia. The weather conditions of the year influence on the rate of development and growth processes very strong. The experiments determination of the germination of local reproductions were negative. The sprouts grow very good. In this case, it is good possibility of intense vegetative reproduction of Rhodiola. The evaluation of stability of introduction may be attributed to the kind of group stability. The great potential and adaptive capacity of R. rosea significantly enhances the possibility of growing this species under conditions of the Central Yakutia. It is recommended to improve and elaborate of protection of natural populations and unique plant communities
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ASESSMENT OF STREET PLANTINGS ON THE EXAMPLE OF SOCHI CENTRAL REGION
DescriptionThe article deals with the topical issues of ornamental woody plants used in street landscaping of Sochi Central district. It presents the quantitative composition of these species, numbering 12181 specimens. With the scale, modified for the regional conditions, we carried out an analysis of the studied plantations and their state, which revealed that weakened plants were predominant - 72.48%. Healthy plants make up over 20%. The lowest number of the specimen was recorded among the dead plants (0,26%). The analysis was carried out for all species according to the state categories. For instance, structure-forming species selected for further studies, were analyzed this way, including a large part of plants that belong to the second category of state (89,04%). Healthy plants are less than 8% from the total number of dominant species. The number of dead plants makes up 0,35%
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BIOHUMATE EFFECTS ON SOIL BIOTA
DescriptionThe article represents the results of the experiment on biohumate «Vermistar» (which was obtained by vermiculturing) and its effects on mycological soil composition. Humic preparations are interesting in the way of detoxication of soil. When humic compounds are active, herbicides and pesticide decompose faster and concentrations of heavy metals are lowered. Adding humic fertilizers affect the physical properties of water-Soil: increases capillary and light soil field capacity (an average of 20-30%) and heavy water permeability, improves the structure and its water stability, reduced soil density. It was noted, that low doses of humic fertilizer contributes to water-stable aggregates, and high - change the ratio of the structural units in favor of agronomically valuable fractions. This, in turn, is accompanied by changes in the humus state, and biological characteristics of the soil. Moreover, increased microbial activity was observed in the first year of application of fertilizers and as an aftereffect. The maximum total number of microorganisms established in the initial phases of plant development. The increase in the number of microorganisms is enhanced and the enzymatic activity of the soil which in turn increases the mobility of soil nutrients
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RESULTS OF THE STUDY OF WATERMELON AND MELON COMPATIBILITY IN VARIOUS KINDS OF STOCKS
DescriptionA priority direction at the present stage of vegetable growing development is to obtain high-quality, environmentally friendly production on the basis of development and introduction of new technologies of cultivation. At the same time, it is compulsory to emphasize the importance of expanding the range of crops which can vary nutrition of population. Currently promising direction is search of new high-efficient and environmentally friendly methods of plant protection. Biological methods of effect on the plant body acquire great significance. One of such methods is using grafts. In a light of new changed conditions, the research on grafted plants was not conducted in our country
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Description
The article presents the materials of the study of the features of cultivation of Lactobacillus sp. on different culture medium. We have made a comparison of standard culture medium for cultivation Lactobacillus sp. and determined the most optimal culture medium