№ 115(1), January, 2016
Public date: 27.01.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 86, 182 kb
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TRENDS IN POULTRY PRODUCTION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
DescriptionThe article examines the factors, which influence the formation of the market of poultry production. Agricultrual producers have developed diversified business channels, which depend on the nature of the economic interests of the owners of farms, local market conjuncture, the level of development of its own product processing and logistics structures. The growing share of imports has created a tangible threat to food security and the increasing dependence of megalopolises and big cities on import, in addition long-term relationaships have been destroyed within the existing socialist system, increased prices disparity. Only at the beginning of the 21st century Russian poultry industry started to get rid of the consequences of liberal market reforms. In many ways, the development of industry were contributed by the realization of the priority national project «Development of agriculture» and by the State program of development of agriculture and regulation of markets for agricultural products, raw materials and food for 2008-2012. However, the modernization of poultry subcomplex was mainly catching and accompanied by increasing dependence on imports cross, equipment, premixes and feed. Poultry organizations have high debt on loans, subsidies for reimbursement of the cost of interest com unevenly, putting poultry farms in a disastrous situation. In 2014, Russia has 21 region – poultry donor (where the volume of domestic production exceeds consumption) and 61 recipient regions (where the volume of domestic production is less than consumption)
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THEORETICAL ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF A LAND MARKET
DescriptionThe article substantiates theoretical aspects of the formation of a land market. It is shown that there is a problem of insufficient knowledge of its formation. The article lists the features of land as part of the natural environment, a factor of production, part of the capital, a real estate object, defining features of the land market. It is shown that supply in the land market in the short term is elastically, despite the fixed supply at any given moment, and inelastically in the long term. We substantiated expediency evaluation of public and private land market in terms of turnover, which expresses the ratio of the total land area of transactions in the segmental markets to the total amount of land in some form of ownership. We proposed to evaluate the development potential of the turnover of the analyzed segment of public sector land market with the help of the methodology of growth curves. This work presents internal and external macroeconomic factors and institutions that form the infrastructure of the land market. It concludes about the need to improve the institutions of valuation of land, land banks, information base, land management and real estate cadastre. We proposed to study the land market from the standpoint of neoinstitutionalism. In accordance with the theory of Ronald Coase, this work shows the significance of transaction costs for the development of the land market. We clarified the classification of the transaction costs arising before and after the transaction O. Williamson, in relation to the land market and concluded on the need to reduce them. We substantiated the necessity of state regulation of the land market, improvement of economic land management practices
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THEORY OF ELECTROMAGNETIC DRIVE WITH ELEMENTARY PARTICLES CURRENT AND VACUUM POLARIZATION
01.00.00 Physical-mathematical sciences
DescriptionThe article discusses a model of rocket motor of electromagnetic type, consisting of a source of electromagnetic radio frequency oscillations and the conical cavity, in which electromagnetic waves are excited. We have created a multi-dimensional transient numerical model describing the process of establishing electromagnetic oscillations in the resonator, taking into account the finite conductivity of the walls. Separately, the standing waves in the cavity with conducting walls have been simulated. It is shown that the oscillations mode in the conducting resonator different from that in an ideal resonator, both in a case of steady and unsteady waves. We have built a dynamic model taking into account the thermal conductivity and electrical conductivity of the walls, waves and particles emission and vacuum polarization. We have also developed a dynamic model enables to optimize a thrust force on a considerable number of parameters without the involvement of the hypotheses about the physics of the phenomenon. We run the optimization of the operating parameters of the device, namely by the excitation frequency, the frequency of the modulating signal, the magnitude of heat losses of electromagnetic energy by thermal radiation in the IR spectrum, the parameters of forced heat transfer and the temperature dependence of the resistance of the material of the cavity walls. It is found that the pulse modulation greatly improves the efficiency of conversion of electromagnetic energy into thrust. The mechanism of formation of traction, adjusting the metrics of space-time, the current contribution of elementary particles, the Yang-Mills and electromagnetic fields is proposed. It is shown that the contribution of the elementary particles in the thrust force is proportional to the electrical conductivity of the system multiplied by Abraham force
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TECHNICAL REFINEMENT OF GRAIN CROP PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGIES
DescriptionThere have been suggested the courses of refinement of the crop production technologies, has been studied the efficiency of multipurpose assemblies (MPA) in the process of mechanization of plant growing, which provide the production of competitive agricultural products, more perfect machinery construction and tools, improving the quality of automated tasks completion, the issues of machine stock renovation, raising the effectiveness of their use, complexity of tasks, integrity and continuity of the working process, environmental safety of the production. The high level of the complex task performance is based on combining several technological operations, completed during a single pass of MPA, drastically refining the basic variants of the technologies. Using the example of the multipurpose assembly Vector for stubble tillage, introduction of mineral fertilizers, planting of intercrops and packing of soil, we can observe a significant advantage of the suggested technology in comparison with using a mass produced single-function machine. Combining several technological operations in a single MPA pass guarantees agritechnical, ecological, energetic and economic efficiency. However, no attention is still paid to the issue of the crop losses decrease (direct and indirect) during harvesting, as well as to the problem of the complexity of postharvest tasks simultaneously with harvesting (tillage, planting of intercrops, introducing fertilizers, etc). In the current article we have provided the results of these studies. Respecting the regulations of environmental safety of technical units leads to the soil fertility raise and the pollution decrease of agricultural products. All of them are carried out in the technical support of the crop production technologies
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TECHNOLOGICAL REFINEMENT OF GRAIN CROP PRODUCTION INVOLVING MACHINERY APPLICATION
DescriptionThere have been suggested the courses of the machine technologies refinement in the process of spiked cereals production. The course of their technical update was studied in our previous article. There were analyzed the drawbacks of the modern machine production of crops and we presented the course of their elimination due to the technology optimization, resource and energy preservation, machine technologies of soil improvement and new innovative technological solutions. The suggested technology optimization was designed taking into account rigorous alternation of crops in the rotation, optimizing of breeds and crossbreeds, application of intermediate crops simultaneously with harvesting the previous crop, introducing progressive methods of chemical treatment and synchronous tillage. The resource and energy preservation is based on the combination of technological operations coinciding with the tasks in agricultural terms during a single machinery pass across the field, application of the mobile power unit (UPU-450), low- and ultralow capacity spraying, optimization of choice of certain agrimethods in the process of crop production and the resource calculation of estimated crop yield. In the set of soil improvement courses we have studied the mechanization of the restoration processes of natural soil formation, defecate introduction, the use of stubbly remains, compulsory presence of permanent grasses in crop rotation. New innovative solutions in the crop production technologies include the refinement of the mechanization facilities in tillage, spraying, new methods of crop harvesting (unwinnowed bread, root tow, cleaning of thrashed heap after the harvesting, etc). We have analyzed the ways of mechanization of “organic farming” and seed treatment with biologic mixtures
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THE IDENTITY OF PHILOSOPHY AND RELIGION AS THE SUPREME DESTINATION OF THEIR BECOMING
DescriptionThe article solves a problem of correlation of different forms of cognition such as philosophy and religion in the ontological process, which is refers as a dialectical unity of the becoming of being and thinking. The definition of the logical form of the individual stages of cognition appears possible only in case that they are the special forms of determination of the universal form of being, which for them is a universal content. The special definition of the universal form of being through certain forms of cognition is a logical necessity ontological process. Its subdividing into three stages is mediated by exact historical incarnation of three logical forms, which in the sphere of cognition correspond: art/myth; religion/science; philosophy. On the basis of the identity of the content of philosophy and religion, which is the universal form of being, it is argued that their identity is at the last stage of the becoming of culture is the result of realization of this form in the idea of concrete identity. Its concrete manifestation in all aspects of being and thinking completes itself an ontological process, turning it into the system, which is infinitely determined by the logical form. The idea of concrete identity, which is the ideal purpose and actual result of a becoming of being, leaving nothing in it abstract and indeterminate, fully expresses itself in ideal by the form, the universal notion. Since in the notion of the subject and object, thinking and being, the spirit and the nature they completely coincide, then the universal notion is a concrete manifestation of the universal subject – the absolute person, eternally united in all their attributes. The concept of the idea of concrete identity, arising not only in philosophy, but also in religion – in an image of the absolute person, by means of their associations at the highest stage of development, reaches the limit point of its definition
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TRANSCRIPTOMIC ACTIVITY OF ESTROGEN-REGULATORY GENES IN MALIGNANCY UTERINE TISSUES
DescriptionUterine cancer is the sixth on prevalence of cancer among women in developed countries. Hyper-estrogen level by endogenous or exogenous origin plays the leading role in this disease pathogenesis. This study purpose was investigating the expression of genetic loci responsible for the estrogen reception and metabolism to better understanding of the molecular mechanisms of uterine tissues malignancy. We investigated the relative expression of genes (CYP1A 1, CYP1A 2, CYP1B 1, CYP19A, ESR1, ESR2, GPER, STS, SULT1A and SULT1E1) by real-time PCR in tumor and conditionally healthy uterine tissues of 27 female patients in Southern Russia aged 38-72 years with histologically confirmed diagnosis of uterine cancer. It is found that transcription activity of these genes during malignancy of uterine tissues depends of female patients age and the stage of tumor cells differentiation. It is found that malignancy change in the transcriptional activity of investigated genes in uterine tissue depends of patients age and stage of tumor cells differentiation. Particularly, it was found, that changes of gene transcription balance of enzymes that provide sulfation and hydrolysis of steroid sulfates is depending of patient age and the degree of tumor cells differentiation. In addition, the sinking of gene expression of nuclear estrogen receptor ESR1 as lowering cell differentiation of tumor tissues. We have also shown gene expression of nuclear estrogen receptor ESR1 decline as lowering cell differentiation of tumor tissues
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CRIMINAL AND LEGAL CHARACTERISTIC OF NON-TARGETED SPENDING OF BUDGETARY FUNDS
DescriptionThe article analyses the criminal and budgetary legislation in the field of non-targeted spending of budgetary funds. Research of the official statistics provided by the General Prosecutor’s Office of the Russian Federation from 2003 to 2014 showed a decrease in the facts of nontargeted spending of budgetary funds, that, according to the authors, is a sign of high level of latency, because law enforcement and financial control authorities are facing difficulties at a stage of identification of this crime and proof of data obtained during the investigative measures. The authors of the article paid special attention to the analysis of the elements of the non-targeted spending of budgetary funds. The different points of view of the object of this crime are considered. At disclosure of objective features, the authors point to the terminological differences between the Criminal code of the Russian Federation and the Budgetary code of the Russian Federation that, undoubtedly, in practice disturb the correct qualification of the actions. By consideration the subject of non-targeted spending of budgetary funds, materials of criminal cases have been studied which allowed to reveal obvious gaps of the criminal law in this sphere. The authors formulated the proposals for improving the legislation by inclusion of the qualifying features and addition the third part of article that, certainly, has to be reflected in differentiation of criminal responsibility
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CRIMINAL PROCESS AND OPERATIONAL AND INVESTIGATIVE ACTIVITY
DescriptionThe authors of the article examine the relationship between the criminal process and investigative activity taking into consideration the requirements of the Criminal Procedure Law and the Law on Investigative Activities in the Russian Federation. Such important issues as main tasks and principles of the criminal process and investigative activity are considered in the article. The authors analyze interrelations of some investigative actions and operational search as well as the order of introduction and usage of the results of the investigative activities at the stage of criminal case initializing and in the course of investigative activities. The authors also pay attention to the data which must be submitted in the report or memorandum on the prepared or being committed crime giving grounds for criminal case initializing
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STEADY VERBAL COMPLEXES IN DIFFERENT TYPES OF THE SPORTS DISCOURSE
10.00.00 Philological sciences
DescriptionThe article is devoted to an originality of steady structures in the communicative sphere of sport. The definition of a sports discourse is given, the specific character of users in different conditions of communication is analyzed, e.g. specially prepared professionals; the wide audience not always owning sports terminology; sports fans. The use of a definition ‘the steady verbal complexes’ (SVC) is proved. Phraseological units and non - phraseological units are distinguished from variety of steady units. Actually phraseological units (idioms), most often in the transformed form, function in the speech of fans – the so-called slang of sports fans, realizing methods of language game. In the professional communication, demanding special preparation, terminological units are used among which there are the matrix structures revealed and described in this article for the first time. We understand the stereotypic speech structure assuming possibility of replacement of components as a matrix. Most often, it is a binomial structure with the subordinative relations between components one of which is invariable, basic, and the second varies. The steady verbal complexes of nominative character having an appearance of collocations are peculiar to the sports publications focused on wide reader's audience. Along with the most commonly used, not one-word nominations from different types of sport, mass media apply all-sports USK, and also units, typical for journalism, quickly representing sports events. In the article the possibilities of a variation of steady structures in different types of a sports discourse are observed