№ 116(2), February, 2016
Public date: 29.02.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 106, 245 kb
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Description
This article speaks about the impact on the soil by the logging machines is the compaction, deformation, mineralization of the soil, changing its structure, biological, water-physical and chemical properties. The negative impact of machinery on soils depends on the construction and systems of machines, technologies of timber harvesting, climate, forest, and other factors. This work considers a comprehensive assessment of the impact of the process of logging on the environment and proposes measures to reduce the anthropogenic impact on soil, water bodies. We have determined the annual volume of emissions to the atmosphere from combustion engines of logging equipment, characteristics of gross emissions of pollutants into the atmosphere after cleaning of the neutralizer gas; we have also determined the amount of pollutants by vehicles in the transportation of wood total in the process of clear cutting
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THE ANALYSIS OF DESIGNS OF ELECTROOZONIZERS FOR PRESEEDING PROCESSING OF SEEDS
Description
Quality of seed material is defined by several parameters which are: viability, growth force, energy of germination and so on. But one of the most important indicators is productivity. It is possible to increase productivity of agricultural plants when using various ways of preseeding processing. One of ways of preseeding processing is ozonization. Thus, it is possible to receive ozone and air mix by means of various devices. One of the most effective ways of receiving ozone is its synthesis in the field of an electric discharge of an electroozonizer. But, at the moment, in the world the set of designs and modifications of electroozonizers is known. In this regard, we carried out literary search, with the purpose to define the most effective design of the generator of ozone. We investigated various designs of generators of ozone and their positive and negative sides are given. On the basis of the carried-out analysis it is established that the most suitable design for receiving ozone at preseeding processing of seeds is the ozonizer of lamellar type. But, despite efficiency of application of a lamellar ozonizer, it is necessary to achieve its stable work as preseeding processing of especially small seeds demands accurate observance of technological parameters
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Description
Stages of connecting metal and glass process are elucidated in the article, the hypothesis about possibility of wide use of glass as hydropneumatic cylinders working surface is viewed, possibility of use of the 3D technology in the considered process is estimated
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Description
Relevance of developing Internet service for searching travel companions for intercity and intracity trips substantiated in the article. The existing services that provide similar services were analyzed, their shortcomings and advantages of the basic principles of operation were identified and analyzed. Functional of own service was disclosed in comparison to existing ones. The variants to benefit drivers and passengers were offered
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STUDY OF WORK OF SOWING APPARATUS OF A HYDROSEEDING DEVICE
Description
The article presents the analysis, selection and justification of a mixer sowing apparatus, its kinematic indicators in the hydroseeding of vegetable crops, providing a uniform distribution of seeds in the volume of fluid and seeded area and the results of laboratory research
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CHOICE AND JUSTIFICATION OF SPRAYS FOR PROCESSING CANES OF RICE CHECKS
Description
The article presents the results of the researches of the work of sprays of the offered sprayer at the laboratory Agrotop stand. On the basis of the conducted researches, for processing of a cane of rice checks using slothole sprays providing uniform distribution of toxic chemical on capture width is recommended
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RESEARCH OF WORK OF THE DESIGN ELEMENTS OF A HYDROSEEDER FOR CROPS OF VEGETABLE CULTURES
Description
The analysis, choice and justification of the device intended for management of a stream of working liquid at hydroseeding, and also the results of the laboratory researches of its uniform expiration are presented in this article
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ANALYSIS OF METHODS AND MEANS OF DIAGNOSTICS OF BRAKE SYSTEMS OF VEHICLES
Description
The article presents native and foreign bench-top and board methods to test the automobile break systems. One can find information about some native trailer-break stands. We have analyzed their advantages and drawbacks such as low information capacity, high diagnostics processing time, low quality of regulation and maintenance operations due to big influence of the operator’s experience, his knowledge and individual characteristics, and great instability of manual test modes on the results of the investigations. To remove these shortcomings they have had some experiments at MADI in order to develop the module to the brake qualities stand. When using it one can have automatic diagnoses and flow chart is presented in the article. Due to the existing vehicles’ state inspection mode and diagnostic means in our country there appeared new stands for brakes control. One can attribute to these devices a range of brake qualities stands developed and produced at Novgorod plant GARO. These are STS-3, STS-10 and STO series stands for cars, trucks, buses and micro-buses. The article also presents some foreign stands used in Russia such as universal brake stands STM by META firm, the break stand IW7 Eurosystem by MAHARUSSIA firm. We have presented in the article the results of the analysis of simple and complicated board means of diagnosis as “Eftor-2”, “Effect”
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Description
The article discusses the application of automated system-cognitive analysis (ASC-analysis), its mathematical model is a system of information theory and implements, its software tools – intellectual system called "Eidos" for solving one of the important tasks of ampelography: to quantify the similarities and differences of different clones of grapes using contours of the leaves. To solve this task we perform the following steps: 1) digitization of scanned images of the leaves and creation their mathematical models; 2) formation mathematical models of specific leaves with the application of information theory; 3) modeling the generalized images of leaves of different clones on the basis of specific leaves (multiparameter typing); 4) verification of the model by identifying specific leaf images with generic clones, i.e., classes (system identification); 5) quantification of the similarities and differences of the clones, i.e. cluster-constructive analysis of generalized images of leaves of various clones. The specific shape of the contour of the leaf is regarded as noise information on the clone to which it relates, including information about the true shape of a leaf of this clone (clean signal) and noise, which distort the real shape, due to the random influence of the environment. Software tools of ASA-analysis which is intellectual "Eidos" system provides the noise suppression and the detection of a signal about the true shape of a leaf of each clone on the basis of a number of noisy concrete examples of the leaves of this clone. This creates a single image of the shape of the leaf of each clone, independent of their specific implementations, i.e. "Eidos" of these images (in the sense of Plato) - the prototype or archetype (in the Jungian sense) of the images
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PRINCIPLES OF ASSESSMENT AND RANKING OF UNIVERSITY’S STRUCTURAL DEPARTMENTS
Description
Main principles of ranking of objects, which are evaluated by numeric parameters, are considered in the article. Undoubtedly, the technique for internal assessment of University’s department should be harmonized with techniques of external assessments. It means that during setting of internal indicators, key indicators of external ratings must be taken into account. However, the system of rating’s composition by force of indexes’ aggregation, setting of weighting coefficients, using of various mathematic methods for reduction of an estimate to integral value, could differ from systems currently in use. The choice of methods is validated, which are appropriate for the procedure of ranking of University’s structural departments. For selection of alternatives based on specified criteria, Analytic hierarchy process by Saaty and Cogger and Yu method are proposed. The technique for internal rating of structural departments have been developed, which allows to estimate evolution of positions of faculties and departments in rating, as well as to recommend possible improvements. Recommendations for carrying out of University departments’ effectiveness monitoring are formulated. Techniques under development are being led to practical implementation, and could be introduced into self-assessment processes of Higher educational institutions. Complex technique combines all proposed techniques, and is a tool for carrying out of internal assessment of effectiveness of Higher educational institutions’ activities on base of uniform computation procedure with using of the set of approved indicators. The advantage of proposed technique is its flexibility, which consists in the possibility to adopt the calculation of indicators of activities’ effectiveness in accord with changes in the register and contents of primary data. Results of internal assessments of the University and its’ structural departments should favor the improvement of management system as well as creating of terms for dynamic development of the University, grounded on maximum effective using of available resources and potential of University’s research personnel
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