№ 116(2), February, 2016
Public date: 29.02.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 106, 245 kb
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PRIVATE PENSION FUND: ESSENCE, CHARACTERISTICS AND FUNCTIONS
Description
In developed and developing countries around the world, social security is beginning to gain a more important role, directly or indirectly affecting one of any economy priorities - maintaining and increasing the welfare of society. At the same time, constantly evolving and developing economic processes derive the task of the social security system regulating on a more complex level. There is a need for constant optimization and bringing the above-mentioned mechanism to such a state that would be able to meet modern criteria. The provided by the state and non-state pension institutes system acts as a basic element of social security whose responsibility area is to create a comfortable financial situation of old age people. Today the effectiveness of the non-state provision system and private pension funds lends itself to wide criticism that entails the actualization and possible rethinking of the existing theoretical framework. This article describes the theoretical aspects of the private pension funds essence. Here is the systematization of the many approaches to the definition of the investigated institute. In addition, the authors identify a number of private pension funds features and functions. The article gives the authors understanding of the private pension funds essence
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NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY AND FOOD INDEPENDENCE OF RUSSIA UNDER SANCTIONS
Description
The article reviews food security issues of Russia under foreign sanctions and the state of food products production and consumption in the Russian Federation. Food security is considered as a major factor of political and socio-economic stability of any country, with Russia a no exception. However, it has become one of the largest net food importers, chiefly due to its agrarian sector weakness. The present paper discusses major challenges of the agricultural industry and necessary conditions for import substitution, gives a definition to food security and analyzes Russian food security in the terms of crisis. The authors assess prospects for import substitution by domestic goods, examine regional food production sectors and define food-sufficiency level of the Russian population. The article consequently infers that successful import substitution rather than a redistribution of significant import flows of agricultural products between exporting countries requires a relatively long period, which constitutes more than one or two years. It is revealed, that Russian domestic production level is insufficient for provisioning its population, which is the main cause of the country importing necessary amount of food from abroad. According to medical norms, in spite of the positive consumption dynamics of basic food products, the population does not receive a significant amount of animal protein, vegetables and fruit, and in a number of cases, the quality of food is extremely low. In the article production of basic food products, as well as average daily household food rations per capita in terms of their energy and protein value are subjected to analysis. Moreover, the article gives an estimate to the Russian food import rates. It studies the annual consumption of basic food products, the dynamics of household expenditures share on food and the number of Russian population whose incomes are below the subsistence minimum
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Description
The cooperation and agroindustrial integration development are important directions of agrofood market growth. The article deals with the economic benefits of cooperation and agroindustrial integration, the cooperation system and forms in agroindustrial complex, the creation principles and economic efficiency of cooperatives
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Description
In the given article methodical bases of the analysis and an estimation of a financial condition of agrarian formations are considered, the revealed lacks of a traditional technique of the analysis of a financial condition of the agricultural organizations are presented. Imperfection of the technique leads to inexact estimations of liquidity of turnaround actives, the balance sheet, financial stability, sources of financing which can be the factor of acceptance of irrational administrative decisions in use of financial resources. The technique of a rating estimation of a financial condition of the agricultural organization is approved. Directions of strengthening of a financial condition of the agrofirm are proved
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URGENT TASKS OF THE AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE KRASNODAR REGION
Description
Under modern conditions of functioning of the agrarian sector of Russian economy, which are described with the need to increase the output of the agricultural production in order to ensure import substitution and food safety, it is necessary to analyze the state of the agricultural economy of the regions of the country and the prospects of its development on the innovative basis. To solve the problems faced by the Kuban farmers the comprehensive long-term anti-crisis program of the sustainable development of the agrarian sector of the economy of the region is being developed. It is revealed that the high potential of the increasing output and the economic efficiency growth in the industry is built into the production concentration and the formation of large agricultural holding companies, where agricultural production, processing and sales of products are combined. The necessity of the creation of the "Special program of small agribusiness development" is mentioned. Relying on foreign experience and the experience of the unique enterprise "Konitek-South" Ltd., involved in the purchase of the agricultural products from farmers and the public, and selling it in dozens of Russian regions, the authors propose the optimal variant of the wholesale markets organization. The need to strengthen the government role in the further development and reforming of the agrarian sector of the economy, in the regulation of the agricultural wholesale markets and in the small business development, in the improvement of its competitiveness and investment attractiveness is emphasized
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EVALUATION OF THE CURRENT STATE OF HORTICULTURE AND THE PRIORITIES TO IMPROVING ITS EFFECTIVENESS
Description
Current horticulture is a complex system of fruit crops cultivation based on the integrated using of material, labor, natural and financial resources. Horticulture is an important part of agriculture because of the high nutritional value of its products. The fruits are used fresh and as raw material for canning, wine and other industries. Modern methods of processing and freezing of products are making possible to save its nutritional value and extend the period of consumption. The main problem of the horticultural industry is providing the population with fresh, high quality fruits and products of their processing. Horticulture is in a state of dynamic changes associated with the economic situation in the region. The authors assessed the current status of horticulture in the Republic of Tajikistan, revealed the problems in the functioning of the industry in the current economic conditions. As a result of scientific investigation the authors have proved the impact of the financial-credit, tax, price factors, level of competition, investment policy. The authors identified promising directions of improving the efficiency of horticulture and found the advantages of intensive technology of fruit crops cultivation. The implementation of these arrangements will help to ensure the country's food security and agricultural development
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Description
The article examines the characteristics and the efficiency of modern organizational and economic mechanisms of the spread of high-tech technologies and products of double application, identifying the most promising areas of improvement and progressive development, is determined by their role in attracting additional funding for national and international innovative projects and programs
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ADAPTING THE METHODS MODULAR TESTING EXPERT ASSESSMENT QUALITY DESIGN INNOVATIVE SOFTWARE PRODUCTS
Description
Information of the world and national economies significantly alter the role and importance of expertise in enterprise activity. Expert evaluation of the quality of modern innovative software products is playing an increasingly important role in the justification of management decisions with their use. That is why the expert function is one of the most important and recognized not only in science but also in the practical production and business operations of many businesses. The article shows the possibility of adapting method unit testing as a tool for peer evaluation of the quality level of the development of innovative software products. The article covers application of criteria for coverage decisions and conditions, as well as a criterion of combinatorial coverage for the most complete set of tests and accurate expert assessments. The substantiation of the existence and validity of the use of the method of unit testing capabilities for expert assessments of innovative software products was also given. We have described the sequence of process of peer review for incremental (step by step), and non-incremental approach to testing of modern innovative software products, as well as identifying their strengths and weaknesses. It is concluded that the incremental approach is preferable to use the method of unit testing for the expert assessments of projects and programs for the creation of innovative products, services and technologies
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Description
In modern conditions, housing and communal services, on the one hand, the urgent need of carrying out a comprehensive mo-modernization of the entire infrastructure, and on the other hand, with the intensification of the implementation of innovations manufacturing techniques, it can be one of the points of sustainable growth and development of domestic economic. These circumstances determine the relevance scope of this article. The article identifies the main control housing and communal services – housing fund as well as the composition of the institutional agents carrying out its operation. It was found that the current management practice does not meet the requirements of the market and fundamentally change the conditions of financial and economic activities of its institutional agents, and the results of ongoing reforms in this area cannot be considered satisfactory. We defined targets development of innovative potential of housing and communal services, and its compliance with the investment activity of its institutional agents. We revealed the most significant changes, which should be based on the innovative vector of development of this sphere. We substantiated composition of quantitative and qualitative indicators of the system for conformity assessment of the innovative capacity of the sphere of housing and communal services of the investment activity of its institutional agents. The article substantiates the need to develop science-based concept of innovative development and comprehensive modernization of the infrastructure of housing and communal services and the feasibility of pilot innovative projects. It is concluded that the successful implementation of pilot innovative projects can become the starting point for turning the sphere of housing-communal services, but one of the stable points of growth of the domestic economy
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Description
Assessment of activity of process, in the first instance – this is a set operations the selection nomenclature of exponents and their definition of values and their comparison with basic exponents. Relating to scientific institute performance evaluation of the scientific and technical activities – this is definition of qualitative criteria evaluation of this activities, their quantitative reflection, as also relative assessment of their dynamics. In article considered questions assessment of scientific and technical and innovative activity in relation to branch of fruit growing, and, in fact, to the branch level of system of innovative activity in agroindustrial complex of the region. Groups and criteria of estimated indicators of activity of the subject of scientific and technical activity are defined: indicators of production potential, knowledge base, research shots and instrument base. Expediency of formation of innovative processes on the basis of branch subjects of scientific and technical activity is proved. As the main subject of scientific and technical activity of the branch of fruit growing of the agro-industrial complex of Krasnodar territory we defined the scientifically research establishment North Caucasian zone research institute of gardening and wine growing. The detailed analysis and assessment of scientific and technical and innovative activities of scientific institution North Caucasian zone research institute of gardening and wine growing for groups and criteria of estimated indicators is submitted. It is revealed that the provided analysis and an assessment of productivity of innovative activity isn't sufficient and demands addition with the assessment indicators displaying process of transformation of scientific potential in effect – a scientific and technical product
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