№ 118(4), April, 2016
Public date: 29.04.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 111, 300 kb
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BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND COMMERCIAL STOCKS OF HUMPBACK WHITEFISH IN YAKUTIA WATERS
DescriptionHumpback whitefish - Coregonus lavaretus pidschian (Gmelin, 1788), is spread in Siberia, in the Kara, Laptev and East Siberian seas and in the lakes of the Arctic and Subarctic. Objective: To assess the status of fish in the waters of Yakutia, to make ecological forecasts and determine the possibility and prospect of economic use of whitefish, as a fish-breeding material in the present conditions. Methods: The analysis was carried out on the fresh material as described I.Pravdina (1966), taking into account the recommendations of Y. Reshetnikov (1980). Collection and processing of materials were carried out in 1969-2015 by standard methods. Results. Reaching sexual maturity at the sixth (in weight - the eighth and ninth) year of life, whitefish begin to move to the main breeding groundsin the early fall. Absolute fecundity of eggs 2500-140000. Spawning is common in late September-early October. The food spectrum usually consists of the following objects: chironomid larvae, plants, mollusks, fish eggs and copepods. By the nature of power - benthophage, but often becomes planktonic organisms. Conclusions. Important food fish, but its reserves significantly reducedunder the influence of anthropogenic factors in recent years. The catch of whitefish can be increased as a result of the development of aquaculture
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VARIATIONS OF CULTURAL CONCEPT OF “LOVE” IN THE MODERN SONG DISCOURSE
10.00.00 Philological sciences
DescriptionThis article is dedicated to solving the problem of language and culture relationship in the modern society. Concept “love” is the main subject of the article; the author shows its examples in popular stage songs. There are five variations of love from the psychological and sociological point of view in the article. The author depicts how they are used in the song discourse. According to the research data the author consider that all variations of love in the lyrical song genre are not equally frequent. So while erotic love is almost everywhere, selfish love isn’t so popular. Moreover, the author concludes the cultural level of the whole nation can be defined with its creative arts. Furthermore, nowadays there is clear decadence of culture in English-speaking countries
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EFFECT OF BENTONITE ON MEAT PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF PORK GILTS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn our country, great influence is given to the production and consumption of agricultural animals' meat with high consumer qualities. In this regard, the livestock producers, particularly pigs, are to increase production and improve product quality. Works on using some natural mineral complexes - bentonite and zeolites as a source of macro - and trace elements are performed. The aim of the research is to study the effects of bentonite feeding with free access on the meat productivity and hygienic meat quality of young pigs for fattening. Best effect on the slaughter indexes of fattening gilts had bentonite feeding with free access that resulted in significant superiority of the animals in the experimental group over the control counterparts on pre-slaughter live weight, slaughter weight, chilled carcass weight, slaughter yield, carcass length, the "muscle" eye area and the backgammon weight. More favorable effect in the longest muscle on the dry matter and protein synthesis was provided by bentonite feeding with free access. Due to this, the gilts of the experimental group were in significant advance of their control counterparts in concentration of dry matter and protein in meat. Along with this, the longest muscle of young pigs on fattening in the experimental group had the highest protein value, as according to the protein-qualitative indicator the animals of this group were in significant advance of the control counterparts. Feeding bentonite clay with free access had a strong detoxifying effect that is against control counterparts of gilts in the experimental group showed the significant reduce of lead, zinc and cadmium concentrations in the meat
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThis article presents the results of the impact of "Gorlinka" mustard protein-containing feed concentrate in the feeding of broiler chicken of the cross of "Cobb-500" on their performance and nutrient digestibility of the feed. The studies were conducted in the conditions of Krasnodonskaya Poultry farm in the Ilovlinskiy district of the Volgograd region. Full or partial replacement of sunflower meal with "Gorlinka" mustard proteincontaining feed concentrate in the feed mixture for the experimental broiler chickens contributes to the increase of the coefficients of digestibility of nutrients compared to the birds in the control group. The use of "Gorlinka" mustard protein-containing feed concentrate in the composition of feed for broiler chickens has contributed to higher coefficients of digestibility of nutrients: dry matter – 0.51-1,37%, organic matter – 0.6-1,99 %, crude protein by 0.8- 2,24 %, crude fiber – 0,34-1,65 %; crude fat – 0.94- 2,29%, compared to the birds in the control group. Nitrogen balance was positive in all groups; the use of nitrogen from the accepted experimental broiler chickens was higher in the experimental groups than in the control by 2.89-of 7.93 %. The use of nitrogen from digested nitrogen was higher in the experimental groups in comparison with the analogues from the control group by 2.65-of 7.97 %. The use of calcium and phosphorus by poultry was also higher in the experimental groups
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INFLUENCE OF THE LENGTH OF FRUIT VINES ON THE YIELD AND QUALITY OF MOLDOVA GRAPES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article presents the results of studying the effect of different lengths of fruit vines with the same load wintering buds of bushes on the yield and quality of Moldova grapes. It was found that the biological indicators of fruiting Moldova grapes improved by lengthening fruit vines, taking into account weather conditions. Shortening the vines increases germination and fruitfulness degree base buds and reserve buds. Productivity is increased by lengthening fruit vines. It is determined by the degree of fruitfulness buds of the vine, the development of floscules of wintering buds, bunch and berries weight, number of berries in bunches. The optimum is pruning vines to 10-12 buds. Harmonious taste, weight of bunches and berries, transportability factor fixed high yield of grapes standard (85,6-86,4%) with different length of fruit vines. The highest productivity of leaves makes pruning fruit vines to 10-12 buds. The strength of shoot growth and volume growth of bushes reduced at an elongation of the fruit vines. The more moderate growth of shoots observed at long (10-12 buds) pruning vines. There is no significant difference to the degree of maturation of shoots with different length vines. In order to increase the yield of Moldova grapes in the central zone of the Krasnodar region expedient cut fruit vines to 10-12 buds
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Description
The article studies the influence of polymeric in the form of formers and growth regulators on the growth and development of rice plants when grown in saline conditions. We controlled the effect of salinity on grows regulators and vigor, seed germination, root and shoot weight, the content of photosynthetic pigments parameters, induction curves of delayed fluorescence, the indicators of structure of harvest, grain yield. It was found, that pre-sowing seed soaking in solutions of polymer grows regulators has a stimulating effect on the growth and development of rice plants in the early stages: we significantly increased germination and emergence, dry weight of root and shoot compared to control. At different stages of ontogeny rice, the absolute content of pigments in the leaves and the relationship between the individual variants change. The absolute content of pigments in leaves and their relationship between experiences at different stages of ontogeny change. In the period of intensive vegetative growth from seedling stage the content of total chlorophyll is maximum, and by the end of the growing season it decreases. It can be assumed that the salinity of the substrate significantly reduces the productivity of photosynthesis in young plants, possibly due to imbalance of ions in the cell, the older it gets – the weaker the phenomenon is and even becomes reversed. The second maximum IR ZF increases during the growing season from germination to flowering, then decreases to the beginning of ripening in all embodiments. The same dynamics is characteristic of the magnitude of the proton gradient in the membranes of chloroplasts tylakoids. Salt protection effect of growth regulators on grain yield is significant on both backgrounds of mineral nutrition
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn the leached black soils of the foothill zone of the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic on the territory of training experimental plant of FSBEI HE Kabardino-Balkarian state agricultural university named after V.M. Kokova we have studied the effect of soil and climatic conditions of area of cultivation and application of micro – macro fertilizers, plant growth regulators and biological products on the crops of lentils, their impact on the efficiency and quality. It is proved that in general, the natural conditions of the foothill zone are favorable for cultivation and obtaining high yields of major crops. The analysis of meteorological conditions of the area (typical for the whole area) shows that there are great reserves and opportunities to obtain high and stable yields of lentils grains. These morphological, genetic and agrochemical parameters of leached chernozem growing zones suggest the soil favorable to the growth and development of lentils. On average, during the years of studies, the number of plants on which we had marked tubercles, on the example of Rauza varieties in the background variant, was 63.7%; the use of the drug called Agropon C in combination with sodium selenite increased by 15.2% the number of plants with root nodules. Increasing the number of plants with root nodules was accompanied with increasing the number and weight of nodules per plant by 8.1 pc. and 10.1 mg. respectively. The highest yield - 2.66 t/ha under experimental conditions was obtained in the form of joint use of the drug Agropon C and sodium selenite with a seeding rate of 2.2 million viable seeds per hectare, which is higher than the reference version for this seeding rate by 0.46 t/ha or 17.3%. The maximum value indicators of protein content in the seeds and collecting the protein per unit area reached with the use of joint application of Agropon C and sodium selenite, where we achieved the seeding rate of 2.2 million of germinating seeds per hectare and made up 29.6% and 787 kg/ha, respectively
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OUTFLOW OF CAPITAL FROM RUSSIA: TRENDS, CHALLENGES AND IMPLICATIONS
DescriptionIn the last decade, the question of migration of capital, including its illegal export, became an actual problem from both the international financial organizations, and government authorities, which are realizing monetary and credit regulation. This is explained by the fact that in the conditions of globalization the level of mobility of the capitals and integration of the financial markets sharply increased. As a result, any local event can provoke intensive outflow of resources from this or that country and lead to an unstable economic situation. And national financial crisis, in turn, is able in a short time not only cause a chain reaction of defaults in the system of international payments, but also lead to serious disruptions in the global financial markets. For this reason, the prevention of illegal export of Russian capital abroad can contribute to the growth gold and currency reserves, the stabilization of the national currency, a more accurate prediction of the balance of payments of the Russian Federation. Framing of measures of preventing of illegal export of the capital, including by means of system of currency regulation and currency control, is an objective necessity, which aim is to increase the stability of the financial and credit, and, in particular, the banking system, the financial market, improving the investment climate. From that as far as there will be effective measures to prevent the illegal export of capital depend the efficiency and level of development of the country's economy, Russia's place in the international financial system
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THE YIELD AND COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OIL FROM SPLIT CORIANDER FRUITS
DescriptionThe article studies dynamics of losses and the change of composition of essential oil from split coriander fruits. It is found, that in the fractions of split fruits, extracted from long-stored commercial lots of raw materials, mass fraction of essential oil is two or three times lower than in whole fruits. In the composition of essential oil from split fruits the content of valuable components - linalool, geraniol, geranyl acetate is slightly higher, and the content of undesirable hydrocarbons and camphor is lower. It is shown that from freshly split fruits, which were stored in a thin layer in the open air, the oil was intensively lost in the first three days, the losses reached 86 %. At the same time, the composition of the oil changed: the content of most volatile components - hydrocarbons decreased several times and the content of high-boiling linalool, geraniol, geranyl acetate significantly increased, which increased the quality of the oil smell. The change of composition is determined not only by the ratio of components volatility. The content of relatively high boiling camphor almost half decreased. This could be associated with less ability of fruit tissue to sorb and the ability of camphor to be easily sublimated. The content of volatile n-cymene over time increased with a simultaneous decrease in the content of γ– terpinene, which confirmed predominantly chemical way of n-cymene accumulation in coriander essential oil in conditions conducive to oxidation. It is recommended to separate the split fruits as soon as the raw materials come to the plant and to process immediately. Essential oil from split fruits can be used to adjust the composition of individual lots of oil in order to improve their quality, and to provide extraction of valuable components – linalool and geraniol by vacuum rectification method
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HYPOTHESIS OF THE ORIGIN OF THE UNIVERSE, SOLAR SYSTEM AND EARTH
DescriptionIt is assumed that in the primordial state of the Universe was missing the elements of matter, it was submitted to electromagnetic photon field in a broad frequency band. Photons with energy ε=1,02 born MeV electrons and positrons, and photons with energy ε=1,87 born МeV protons and antiprotons. The Association of protons, electrons and essential spectrum of photons created a sustainable hydrogen atoms and neutrons. Association of hydrogen atoms led to the creation of hydrogen clusters, and merging neutron – neutron creation of clusters (pulsars). As a result, the concentration of photons in the Universe decreased and the universe were compressed. The gravitational interactions between the hydrogen and neutron clusters was coming off of a mass of matter from both. The torn mass of hydrogen clusters were created on the planet. Separation of the mass from neutron clusters led to the neutron exposure of the main hydrogen clusters and loose parts from him (future planets). The latter, being closer to the main hydrogen accumulation, under the influence of neutron flux were redesigned to all elements of the periodic table. The article describes nuclear reactions convert one chemical element to another. After irradiation of the primary hydrogen clusters of neutrons and the emergence of the heavy and superheavy hydrogen, started fusion reactions with the release of photon energy and the transition of hydrogen clusters in Stellar condition. They began to glow. The selection of the photon energy of the Stars led to the increase in the concentration of photons in the Universe, the increase of the pressure and the expansion of the Universe, which is what happens at the present stage of its development. Combining antiprotons, electrons (positrons) with the required spectrum of photons created sustainable antihydrogen and antineutrons, and their clusters – clumps of antimatter in the Universe