№ 120(6), June, 2016
Public date: 30.06.2016
Archive of journal: Articles count 112, 299 kb
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Description
The work is scientific and practical in nature, same as the discussed process of optimization of power losses in power networks based on the use of the transportation problem, namely the rules of the minimum element of the transport matrix, which is a valid solution. The mechanism of the improvement of the obtained feasible solutions to the tasks focuses on using the potential method, assigning each row and column of the matrix their corresponding potential. Using a basic variable and manipulating the elements of the transport matrix according to a specific algorithm, we implement the construction of a new support plan. Based on the plan and its acyclic, we build two cycles and determine the values of the estimates between direct and indirect transportation costs per unit of output. The resulting algorithm makes it easy to program all computational operations and quickly obtain the result of the optimization of power losses in the design of the electricity network, thereby reducing the economic and technological costs. As a result of joint use of transportation problems and potential method, we could find the optimal solution based on improved solutions more efficiently, and a scheme of optimal electric network. As consumers, in practice, there may be urban and agricultural, industrial enterprises, regional and district subordination, including industrial, agricultural and individual customers
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NONPARAMETRIC ADAPTIVE DUAL CIRCUIT CONTROL OF DYNAMIC PROCESSES UNDER PARTIAL UNCERTAINTY
DescriptionThe article considers the tasks of nonparametric dual control of dynamic objects with discrete-continuous nature of the process is considered. In this case, the only value of memory depth of dynamic processes is known, but the parametric structure of the model is partially unknown. The nonparametric algorithms of adaptive dual control for external control loop were offered. The proposed loop of control is designed for systems, which include in technological scheme internal control loop, specifically a standard controller. In solving this problem, the methods of nonparametric identification theory, control theory, the theory of adaptive systems, mathematical statistics and statistical modeling are used. The theoretical information of the non-parametric algorithms of dual adaptive control under conditions of incomplete information of the process is produced. The essential difference between the dual control algorithms from the standard is that the nonparametric control unit performs two functions: research and control of the process of active accumulation of information. The computational experiments show that the introduction of the proposed scheme significantly improves the quality of control, and the existing control system in operating controls are maintained
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MATH DESCRIPTION OF THE PROCESS OF THE AUTOMOBILE DIAGNOSING PARAMETER CHANGE
DescriptionThe article shows the importance of math description and grounding the function taking into account the process of changing the parameter when developing the methodology of automobile diagnosing. It is pointed out that after all the prediction error and effort depend on the choice of approximating function. The wrong choice of the function can bring to naught all the efforts to manage safety margin and other parameters of cars elements. One can find the requirements to math description and grounding the function of the parameter change. Based on the analysis of factors influencing the process of parameters change and requirements to math description of this process we have noticed that it is necessary to approximate the change (increase) of the state variable by the chance ordered function with increasing realizations. One can consider the parameter change realization both strictly and not as a monotone function ranging from zero to the limit change of the parameter. We have mentioned that the fore-quoted reasoning with the account of two groups of factors make possible to investigate the parameter change at this or that moment of work as a sum of two random values. We have made a conclusion that they usually express the link between the change rate (for instance, detail wear rate) and the readings of the material properties and functioning conditions (metal skin hardness, unit loading on the detail surface, its relative rate of movement) by the functional determined dependence got as a result of lab tests or theoretical study. In the conclusion, one can see that the analysis of the results of math description of the process of the parameter change is sufficient enough
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Description
The article considers the stages of the passage of the project in the organization. Decision support system facilitates the work of heads of enterprises and enhance its effectiveness. The organization has a system of registration applications, which contains the information about the project, its description, the terms of development, the developer (or development team) and stages of this project. Using the software package, the customer leaves the application to provide services. Head sends a request to the appropriate division. Departments, in turn, transmit information about the status of implementation of the application through a software package. The software package enables fast two-way remote communication in electronic form between the customer and the head, and between the director and divisions. The organization coordinating the work on the implementation of IT-projects by the head and the head of the sector. But there are some human factors, through which people can not keep up with the timely implementation of all tasks given by subordinates. Developed DSS helps to save time in monitoring the project development phase, will eliminate the human factor in monitoring the success of the project, and will assist in the decision-making in cases of force majeure. Development of an IT project consists of several stages, each of which has the ability to give interest characteristic of the total time spent on the project. Supervisor carries out the decomposition of the problem and evaluation of each stage
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Description
The article contains a scientifically based approach to assessing and improving the reliability of DMU "Frigate" in the conditions of the Rostov region. The studied parameters for the elements with the lowest resource were: mean time between failure, mean time to repair, probability of failure, the parameter flow of failures, failure rate, actual and allowable factors of readiness. The analysis of the main faults of DMU "Frigate", identified nodes and elements, characterized by the low reliability, for which the dependences of probabilities of failure-free operation, as well as the dependence and developed the procedure for calculating the optimal duration of recovery of failed elements, to ensure acceptable availability. Statistics on major faults refuse items were collected over the three irrigation seasons from 2013 to 2015, were investigated failures due to wear of the elements for 17 irrigation machines. As a result of the research we developed mathematical apparatus of calculation and the comparative assessment of the readiness of the parks sprinklers of various farms to perform their processing functions at the same and different number of machines. We obtained the dependence for determining the allowable duration of the recovery elements that will allow you to determine the main directions of improving the reliability of DMU "Frigate" during the operational phase
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SOUND EFFECTS INFLUENCE ON THE OPERATOR’S ORGANISM IN PRODUCTION CONDITIONS
DescriptionHere we present a brief survey of noise effects on human’s organism in production conditions, including noise effects on operators of machines and technical devices. It is well known, that any biological organism exists in balance with its environment. However, noise effects being stress factors knock the operator of machines and technical devices out of the working rhythm and cause different kinds of health disorders such as blood pressure increase, fatigue, disorders of the central nervous system and gastrointestinal tract and the like. All this may lead to accident situations, reduction of labor productivity and quality of work. Frequently health disorders start with hearing impairment which leads to disorientation in the threedimension space and malfunction. It is because the hearing apparatus as biological system provides the organism with sensory information and ensures selfpreservation. In the noise conditions, these characteristics are conflict: on one hand, the hearing organ should possess high enabling capability to receive positive signals, and on the other hand, in order to adapt to the sound hearing and sensitivity will decrease. The duration of noise exposure and the number of years spent under influence of the noise are also of great importance. Thus, it is obvious that control of the noise and prevention of harmful effects of the noise on machine operators are important components of production process in the agrarian sector
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METHODOLOGY OF ACOUSTIC SAFETY MEASURING IN OPERATORS’ BOOTHS OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES
DescriptionIn this article, we have examined the methodology of acoustic measuring with the purpose to create safety conditions for the activity of agricultural machines operators, in foremost harvesters and tractors. We should underline that such studies are based on the state standards that are aimed at improving the level of comfort of the activity of the operators of tractors and harvesters and maintaining their working capacities. Therefore, there is a need for a thorough analysis of the current regulatory legislation (standards that are applied) in combination with analysis of mathematical support of measuring devices (sound level meter). Besides, there is a need for creating strict sequence of actions of the sound level meter operator (algorithm) in combination with the method of conveying information that is adapted to the experiment. At the enterprises, organizations and establishments control of the noise level at working places is checked no less than once a year. The State Standard 12.4.095-80 provides the basis for measuring, position of the control point in the booth, the frame and characteristics of measuring, mode of activity of engines and parts of harvesters, the amount of measurement samples (3 precise measurements), estimation of measurements and their correction, equipment, methods of measuring the results, temporary characteristics of measuring by the sound level meter in “slow” mode and frequency correction
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TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INDICES OF DOMESTIC AND IMPORTED DISC HARROWS
DescriptionThe creation of better conditions for the cultivation of plants is carried out by means of mechanical impact on the soil working bodies of machines and tools, that is, the so-called tillage. Its importance in the conditions of intensive agriculture cannot be overemphasized. The use of each scientifically based crop rotation system of soil tillage is a necessary condition for further growth of crop yields and improve soil fertility. Tillage determines the processes of reproduction, fertility regulation soil modes, degradation processes and soil conservation. Important and how self-administration in the system of minimum tillage, and in addition to the deeper treatment of soil under traditional agricultural technologies is superficial and shallow tillage. Disc harrows are the most applied machine for the implementation of surface and shallow soil treatment, performing a loosening of topsoil, leveling the field surface, the destruction of soil crust, crumbling lumps of soil, weeding, seeding and fertilizer. This article describes the design features of domestic and foreign disc harrows. We have given their technical characteristics, and consider the operational and technological parameters
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Description
After silage of ash captured by the electrostatic precipitator, we installed the cyclone of NIIOGAZ CN-15-500 for exhaust gas pre-treatment of the ash resulting from the process of burning solid fuels (coal of Donetsk) in boilers of Novocherkassk hydro power plant. The plant cyclone examination was performed in a production environment of Novocherkassk hydro power station comprising 4 cylindrical cyclone element diameters of 500 mm, and is defined by its real effectiveness, which amounted to 91%. After the cyclone, the gas enters the two-bag filter FRKI-90KP3-2-2 designed to trap solid ash residues and installed over the silo dry ash. Filters are manufactured in climatic design for temperate and cold climate with the accommodation category 4. The article shows the characteristic of the test results and bag filters FRKI- 90K-P3-2-2 before and after the cyclone in the cleaning system. The work presents the analysis of the composition of the ash and compares it with published data. It is experimentally proved that the inclusion of Cyclone CN-15-500 in the process diverting gas purification scheme allowed more efficient operation of fabric filters, reducing the dust significantly for the input gases
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THE METHOD FOR CONTROLLING POTATO TUBERS HIDDEN DAMAGES
DescriptionWhile mechanical harvesting of potatoes, about 20-40% of the tubers get damages. Dynamic loads, injuries of the tubers, causing internal damage – which is browning of the flesh of the tuber, which occurs in the process of its storage. At the same time, ways to express control of damage to potato tubers will allow both reducing damage during harvest, and promptly sending damaged potatoes for recycling before the results of mechanical stress for the tubers during harvesting. The definition of internal damage to the potatoes is possible because of the analysis of the different elasticity of the tissues of damaged and undamaged tubers. The value of overpressure of the device is chosen such way that during deformation of tubers there mainly has been compression of the damaged tissues of the tuber, with the least turgor. The degree of damage of samples of tubers is determined by the ratio of the volume of damaged tissues of tubers to the total volume of the sample. We have given the mechanical properties of tissues of tubers, fruits and root vegetables, their structure, dimensional characteristics, it can be assumed that the use of this method of determining internal damage possible for apples, carrots, beets and harvest of other crops. Use of damage control will enable timely identification of hidden damage and make it possible to eliminate their causes, which lead to increase loss products