№ 134(10), December, 2017
Public date: 29.12.2017
Archive of journal: Articles count 112, 287 kb
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MODERN TECHNICAL EQUIPMENT FOR WORK IN GARDENS
DescriptionGardening is one of the high-value and highly profitable branches of agriculture. However, the level of fruit production in Russia still lags far behind the needs of the population: 20-25 kg of fruits and berries per year are grown per capita, which is a quarter of the minimum consumption rate. Currently, domestic gardening has a low efficiency due to non-compliance with the criteria of world production of fruits. The production of gardens is not competitive enough and does not meet the requirements of the highest quality categories of domestic standards. To increase fruit production, it is necessary to increase the level of intensification of fruit growing using the most valuable varieties and progressive technologies of cultivation. In this article, we consider devices for soil content in orchards, as well as for pruning trees - the main agrotechnical techniques in the technology of growing pomegranate crops that promote the production of stable, optimal harvests of fruit crops. The universal device of fruits is also covered, which makes it possible to reduce labor costs during the laying, care and harvesting of the fruit garden. The wide development of intensive technologies for growing fruits adapted to specific climatic conditions and ensuring a high level of competitiveness and profitability of production is one of the necessary conditions for the further development of gardening in Russia
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SCENARIO APPROACH TO PROJECT MANAGEMENT
DescriptionThe study was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, within the framework of the RFBR research project 17-02- 00475a "Application of metaheuristic algorithms to solving direct and inverse problems of optimizing control of spatially distributed complexes". The article considers the task of scenario approach to project management in case of abnormal progress of its implementation. Various contingencies have been analyzed in the course of project implementation. A model of the scenario approach for project management using the training principle with reinforcement is proposed
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TEMPORAL HARMONIZATION IN PLANNING ACTIONS OF GROUPS OF OBJECTS IN REAL OPERATING TIME
DescriptionThe article considers problems of constructing a temporal processor in the planning and management of a multitude of objects using various temporal theories of representing temporal factors of perception of the external environment based on the phenomenon of human memory
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IMPACT OF WAYS OF INCORPORATING RICE STRAW INTO THE SOIL ON RICE YIELD
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionIn the conditions of the two-factor field experiment, the influence of four methods of incorporating straw in the soil on the rice yield was studied: plowing, one-, two- and three-time discs and three ways of "processing" the straw: embedding in the soil of the chopped straw in its pure form, together with compensating nitrogen fertilizer and inoculated stubble biodestructor Stemix ® Niva. It is shown that the lowest yield is formed when straw is plowed, while surface tillage of soil by one-, two- and three-fold discs significantly increases the grain yield in comparison with the plow by 2.4, 4.2 and 5.2 c / ha, respectively. Taking into account that the double disking provided an almost twice increase in the yield of the crop and the absence of statistically significant differences with the triple disking; it is this method of incorporating the straw that should be considered the most expedient. The introduction of a compensating nitrogen fertilizer ensured a reliable increase in yield by 5.1 and 3.7 centners per hectare in comparison with the variants with the introduction of straw in pure form and treatment with biopreparation. Calculation of the share of the influence of the factors studied on the rice yield showed that the method for embedding straw provides 29.9% of the variability of the trait under study, the method of straw treatment is 36.7%, and the residual dispersion accounts for 33.4%. Incorporation of chopped rice straw in the soil together with compensating nitrogen fertilizer in the amount of 1% of the mass of straw, by double discing, ensured the receipt of a conventionally net income of 6940 rubles / ha, the rate of return - 70.4% and the cost recovery - 1.7 rubles / rub
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Description
For different industries, there was a need of creation new equipment and mechanisms with enhanced characteristics. Special requirements are imposed to energetic and mass-dimensional indices of systems of electric drives as one of the main components of such devices. Mass-dimensional and energetic indices due to constructional features and the used management system will allow improving the use of special or controlled asynchronous cascade systems of an electric actuator of axial construction. One of the main difficulties is simulation and design of special systems of the electric drive. In the article, we offer a new approach to determination of magnetic model parameters of the stator of a component of a controlled asynchronous cascade electric actuator of axial construction
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe results of comparative analysis of three white muscat grades of grapes Viorika, the Muscat de Yaloven and the Muscat onitskan according to the biological indicators of fructification, productivity, quality of berries, mechanical structure of bunches, suitability for manufacture of direct extraction juice and dry wines are depicted in the article. All studied grades differ by high percent of fruiting runaways and high factors of fruiting and fructification. The highest factors of fruiting and fructification of runaways are reflected at grade Viorika, and the lowest - at a grade the Muscat de Yaloven. Biological indicators of fructification of runaways according to the length of a fruit spear are high and rather levelled at all grades. That is why, depending on bushes forming, it is possible to apply short and average (6-7 buds) length of vine cutting. Biological indicators of fructification of runaways from angular buds and sleeping buds are high enough, that shows to good regenerative ability of studied grades. Grades Viorika and the Muscat de Yaloven are tall, and the Muscat onitskan is average height. Degree of ripening of runaways at grades Viorika and the Muscat onitskan is good, at a grade the Muscat de Yaloven - satisfactory. Productivity of grades Viorika, Muscat de Yaloven and the Muscat onitskan is 77,94; 81,52 and 72,72 centner/hectares, and efficiency of runaway - 199,5; 193 and 221,9 with a significant difference between grades on both indicators. The exit of a mash at grades was 77,5-79,4 %. According to the contents of solids, sugars and acids, grapes of all grades correspond to requirements for manufacture of high-quality direct extraction juice. From grapes of these grades, it is possible to produce high-quality direct extraction juice under the name of ampelographic and blended grades. Sampling estimation of dry wines from grapes of these grades fluctuates from 7,6 to 7,8 points: 7,8 (Viorika), 7,7 (the Muscat onitskan), 7,6 (the Muscat de Yaloven)
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FUNCTIONAL BEVERAGES CONTAINING PECTIN ON BASED ON CABBAGE JUICE
DescriptionThe article presents data on the development of recipes and technologies for the production of functional drinks based on cabbage juice. Theoretical and experimental justification of the selection of ingredients of plant origin for the modeling of drinks with a high content of pectin substances is offered in the article. The use of carrots, beets and cranberries is considered as an additional raw material for the purpose of expanding the range and improving the organoleptic properties of beverages. The fractional composition of pectin substances used in the raw materials was studied. The expediency of introducing concentrates of pectin substances into beverage recipes, which define the functional properties of beverages and their optimal content in the recipes was determined. The characteristics of basic parameters of new drinks based on cabbage juice are given. The results of the study of the complex forming property of the developed beverages, which confirmed their functional orientation, are presented. Experimental studies have shown that the addition of pectin increases the complex forming property of juices. Complex forming ability of cabbage juice with beet pectin in comparison with the control sample and other samples is the highest. Taking into account additional complex of biologically active compounds based on cabbage juice, this product can be used as therapeutic, prophylactic and chemoprotective
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Description
This article describes the basics of performance, as well as the structural and functional component of the development and implementation of SQC. In accordance with this, a computational structure of the simulator of a quantum calculator has been derived, taking into account all the available features of constructing a simulator of a quantum computing device. Also, a software implementation of the derived universal computational structure of SQC that satisfies and operates according to the principles of this scheme is implemented
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article contains data on results of calving and blood tests of heifers moved from the Astrakhan region in the Temryuk district of the Krasnodar region in the condition of early pregnancy. According to the accompanying documents, cell blood count, hemoglobin and biochemical parameters were consistent with species and age normal. Calving took place without complications and did not require delivery; received 36 of 36 calves from cows. The quality of the calves found to be satisfactory. On the 45th day of service period, clinical signs of impaired health status were present in 2 animals, however biochemical markers of liver disease, inflammation, and anemia was identified in 7 heifers. In the context of work on creation of livestock combined milk and meat productivity of inseminated heifers and heifers of the Simmental breed the Simmental semen (25 cows) and Aberdeen Angus (34 cows) breeds. Fruitfully inseminated 55 out of 60 animals; indicator of severity of calving was 8 % for Simmental cows. Calves of Simmental breed and Simmental-Aberdeen Angus cross-breeds meet the requirements for live weight at birth and the exterior. Farming on the formation of herds of milk and meat direction of productivity are found to be effective
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Description
This article presents the results of testing IRAP DNA markers Cass1 and Cass2 applied to Prunus spinosa. The findings suggest the high perspectiveness of their using for the study of genetic diversity of the gene pool of this species. According to the results of the analysis of the sample 12 genotypes were identified from 6 to 13 fragments in the spectrum of Cass1 and from 5 to 11 fragments for Cass2. As a result of cluster analysis in the sample formed three groups of samples. In one of the groups, which is most distant from the other two, includes samples taken in Ukraine, while the remaining two groups included samples from Armenia, the Krasnodar region region, the Republic of Adygea, Ukraine and Moldova, and three cultural large-fruited form. The distribution of samples in clusters corresponded to their geographical origin that favors the objective assessment of genetic distances between the samples using Cass1 and Cass2 markers. Thus, it was concluded that the prospects of using DNA markers to study the genetic diversity within a species of Prunus spinosa