03.00.00 Biological sciences
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CATALOGING IMAGES OF DANDELION (TARAXACUM OFFICINALE WIGG.) WITH FASCIATION
DescriptionThe phenomenon of fasciation on the example of a higher plant called “Taraxacum officinale Wigg” has been considered. The effect of fasciation on the various particularities of plants has been shown. There are numerous examples of the different fasciation types of present plant’s type which are growing in different ecological areas. We have demonstrated that the phenomenon of fasciation exists in natural populations and in areas with development pressures, and it may occur after mechanical damage to plants of Taraxacum officinale. In most cases, fasciation is regarded as an exceptional phenomenon. A number of authors have distinguished fasciation to non-inheritable and inheritable. The first is the influence of external factors such as insect damage, injury, weather conditions. The second is caused by internal reasons. The number of regularities was installed that the reproductive bodies of plants are more often fascinated, and thermophilic forms are more likely to have fasciation. Photographic images of various types of fasciation, patterns and diagrams are given. Fasciation can be considered as a marker because of the connection of this phenomenon with the violation of the ecological situation. Plants with morphoses including ones with fasciation of individual organs, can act as indicators of pollution of the natural environment. Thus, the phenomenon of fasciation affects many areas of science, such as ecology, morphogenesis, genetic monitoring. The possibility of studying the phenomenon of fasciation on a model object of dandelion is shown. As a methodical approach to the study of this phenomenon, it is proposed to create a database of images, in this way it would be cataloging the image
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BARLEY LEAF RUST (PUCCINIA HORDEI OTTH. PATHOGEN) IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS: SPREAD AND RASE COMPOSITION
DescriptionThe spread of barley dwarf rust pathogen has been studied in five agro-climatic zones of North Caucasus in 2012-2013. The race composition of the North Caucasian pathogen population was identified
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CHARACTERISTICS OF THE DYURSO RIVER ICHTHYOCENOSIS
DescriptionIn the article we have described the history of the studies and the modern features of fish community of the Black sea's river Durso (the length 14 km). It was established, that in present time the river includes only seven species of fishes from three ecological groups: freshwater (five species), saltwater (one specie) and marine (one specie). A bleack (Alburnus alburnus) and Colchis minnows (Phoxinus phoxinus colchicus) dominate by quantity in the structure of Durso river fish community, bleack and Prussian carp (Carassius auratus gibelio) dominate by biomass. The negative changes of Durso river conditions were found in compare with the last years. First of all, it appears in biological pollution of fish species allochthonous for this river. In the period of the Durso river monitoring (1935–2014) it was established the distinct raise of allochthonous components with parallel reduce of variety of autochthonous fresh waters rheophilic species. The main reason is the building of reservoir in upper flow of the Durso river in 1976. The additional negative factor influence on of the Durso river fish community is the falling down of the water level during the important period of fish lifecycle. The best condition of fish community is in the middle part of the river were reaches combine with the cold springs and powerful flow
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TO THE QUESTION OF PHENOLOGY OF СONVALLARIA MAJALIS L. IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE MIDDLE DON
DescriptionFor the conservation of biodiversity, this study of patterns of biological processes and phases in the development of Convallaria majalis L. that are repeated annually becomes actual. In the article, we have presented an analysis of five years of observations of the rhythm of the development of Convallaria majalis L. in the conditions of the middle Don. There were allocated phenological phases of lily of the valley: vegetative (beginning of sprout growth, deploying of leaves), bud formation, flowering (disclosure of the first flower, mass blossoming, the withering of separate flowers, the ending of flowering), fruitage (the beginning of fruit setting, mass of fruit setting, mass ripening of fruits), the end of the vegetation (appearance of the first changes in color of leaves, the complete drying). We have defined daily average temperature and the appropriate amount of positive temperatures for the passage of various phases of development Convallaria majalis L. By the results of two growing seasons, the optimal daily average temperature for the flowering period is 14,3 ° C (the sum of average daily temperatures 161,3-204, 0С) - until 9-15 days. At higher daily air temperatures flowering begins at lower amount of positive and effective temperatures after 40-45 days after the start of the vegetation. At lower daily air temperatures flowering is longer than at higher. In the conditions of the middle Don there were allocated some examples of Convallaria majalis L. which bloom two years in a row
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Description
The article deals with the historical aspect of the formation of microbial-plant relationships. We study the details of the way the separate form components of the system "Microorganisms-plant" in the course of evolution. The research is based on the historical analysis of the interactions between microorganisms and plants. As a result of interactions a microbial-plant complex is formed. The article describes some types of interactions between microorganisms and plants. In general, various forms of symbiosis are components of a single evolutionary continuum
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Description
In the article we recommend 7 species of Stratiomyidae to be used as umbrella and conserved species for 5 landscape complexes of the North-west Caucasus and 4 species for 4 landscape complexes of the Crimea
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TO THE QUESTION OF FORMATION OF A BUSH OF THE FESCUE MEADOW
DescriptionEcological factors have a great impact on transition of a fescue meadow to formation of a bush. The optimum mode develops at high daily temperatures, in the rarefied crops, at security with nitrogen and without salinization
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TO A QUESTION OF NATURAL RENEWAL OF AN OAK (QUERCUS ROBUR) UNDER CRONES OF A PARENT FOREST STAND
DescriptionFeatures of a survival of self-sowing and undergrowth of oak (Quercus robur) under crones of a parent forest stand are considered
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RESULTS OF INTRODUCTION OF SPECIES OF FAMILY CAPRIFOLIACEAE JUSS. IN SFedU BOTANICAL GARDEN
DescriptionThe results of the introductory test of 22 species of the family Caprifoliaceae from 5 genera are analyzed: Abelia R. Br. (1 species), Diervilla Mill. (1 species), Kolkwitzia Graebn., Lonicera L. (15 species), Symphoricarpos Ducham. (2 species), Weigela Thunb. (2 species) in the Botanical Garden of SFedU. The estimation of ecological-biological properties, of degree of naturalization is given, of phenological development, of age status, of decorative longevity of these species. It has been established that 17 species have high winter hardiness: Kolkwitzia amabilis; Lonicera caprifolium, L. coerulea, L. chrysantha, L. demissa, L. dioica, L. ferdinandii, L. gracilipes, L. × heckrotii, L. japonica, L. morrowii, L. tatarica, L. × tellmanniana, L. trichosantha, Symphoricarpos hesperius and S. occidentalis, Weigela praecox; drought-resistant: Abelia × grandiflora, Kolkwitzia amabilis; Diervilla rivularis, Lonicera acuminata, L. caprifolium, L. confusa, L. chrysantha, L. demissa, L. ferdinandii, L. × heckrotii, L. japonica, L. morrowii, L. tatarica, L. × tellmanniana, L. trichosantha, Symphoricarpos hesperius and S. occidentalis, Weigela floribunda; medium-drought-resistant: Lonicera coerulea, L. dioica, L. gracilipes, Weigela praecox. Period of preservation of decorative qualities in plant ontogeny: Abelia × grandiflora - not less than 10 years; Diervilla rivularis, Lonicera dioica, Weigela praecox - 15-20 years; Lonicera demissa, L. gracilipes, Weigela floribunda - 20-25 years; Lonicera acuminata, L. caprifolium, L. coerulea, L. confuse, L. chrysantha, L. etrusca, L. ferdinandii, L. × heckrotii, L. japonica, L. morrowii, L. tatarica, L. × tellmanniana, species of Symphoricarpos – 25-30 years, Kolkwitzia amabilis – 30–35 years, Lonicera trichosantha 35–40 years
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Description
Tomato is one of the most popular vegetables in Kuban. Every year, the area under this crop in the region occupies more than 11 thousand ha. Currently the State Register of Breeding Achievements approved for use in Krasnodar region, includes more than 90 tomato varieties and hybrids, however, the need for new, more productive varieties is not reduced. The important task of breeding is development of varieties and F1 hybrids with stable realization of the potential, with high level of yield ability, resistance to adverse environmental factors. In the southern regions of Russia for tomatoes, especially during flowering and fruit ripening, the most unfavorable abiotic environmental factors are excessive heat (air temperature 35 - 45 ° C or higher) and high solar radiation. Adverse temperature conditions often act as a deterrent in obtaining high yields, due to the flowers and fruits drop. The article presents the results of breeding activities of the last ten years (2007 - 2016) on development of new tomato varieties and F1 hybrids for different purposes As a result of studies there were developed four tomato varieties and one F1 hybrid that meet the requirements of production and are adapted to abiotic conditions of cultivation in open field in Kuban