03.00.00 Biological sciences
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EFFECT OF NON-TRADITIONAL MELIORANTS ON THE MICROBIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF SOIL AND GROWTH OF PLANTS
DescriptionThe effect of the new meliorants on the qualitative and quantitative composition of the microflora of loamy sand soil and the growth of pine seedlings is presented. The activization of microbiological processes and growth of plants on the meliorated plots is revealed
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Description
The work presents the results of studies on the influence of the foliar spraying of white grapes of the technical sort of ‘Chardonnay’ with new water-soluble fertilizers: Nutrivant plus vinograd, Kelik potassiumsilicon, Atlanta plus and microelements in chelated form - Kelkat boron, Kelkat manganese and Kelkat zinc, on its agro biological and technological indicators. The field experiment was performed in the AF Close Joint-Stock company "Primorsk" in Temryuk District. The diagram of the experiment consisted of five options: without treatment (control); Nutrivant plus vinograd - 1 kg / ha; Kelik potassium silicon - 3 kg / ha; Atlanta plus - 2 kg / ha; a set of microelements - Kelkat boron, manganese and Kelkat Kelkat zinc 660 g / ha each. It was established that the foliar spraying with these fertilizers contributes to a more intensive accumulation of sugar in the juice of berries and to the acceleration of the harvest ageing. Furthermore, the productiveness of shoots has been increased, as it is shown in a greater number of inflorescences, and sometimes, the average bunch weight increases. All this contributes to a significant increase in a yield from a bush and to a crop yield. The highest content of chlorophyll (a + b), carotinoid and the amount of pigment were observed in cases of "Atlant plus" and "Kelik potassium-silicon," where the highest sugar was contained in the berries. Foliar spraying of grapes with the complex of microelements and also Nutrivant plus and Atlanta plus contributed to the improving of the quality of wine, as evidenced by the data of the tasting degustation. The highest mark was provided by the foliar spraying of bushes using the complex of microelements
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EFFECT OF GOLD NANOPARTICLES ON SEEDS GERMINATION OF WINTER BARLEY
DescriptionThe article presents experimental data on the research of gold nanoparticles (GNPs) with mean diameter 15 nm and 50 nm effect on seeds germination and growth of 3-day-old etiolated coleoptiles and roots. Compared with distilled water (control) initial colloidal solution of 15 nm and 50 nm GNPs (57 µg/ml) had no significant impact on seeds germination and growth of coleoptiles and roots. However, in both cases a weak tendency to stimulation of the coleoptile growth and root growth inhibition was observed. Reduction of 15 nm GNPs concentration down to 10 µg/ml and 1 µg/ml had not effect on the growth of the seedlings, but stimulated seed germination up to twofold. Similar concentrations of 50 nm GNPs exerted the stimulating effect on seed germination (twofold) and the growth of root and coleoptiles. Seedlings grew especially intensive in colloidal GNPs solution with Au concentration of 10 µg/ml. Temperature rise of 2 degrees (from 25°C to 27°C) resulted in growth increase of control 3-day-old seedlings and opposite effect of 50 nm GNPs: coleoptiles and roots growth fell behind control seedlings growth by 16-17%. However, on the 4th day, the relative growth slowdown of control seedlings occurred at 27°C and growth stimulation effect under the influence of 50 nm GNPs appeared again. Over time, the stimulating effect of 50 nm GNPs decreased: at the end of October it weakened, and in November – beginning of December, it was no observed for the roots, and there was a decline in coleoptiles growth. However, in all cases the effect of stimulation of seeds germination persisted under the influence of 50 nm GNPs, weakening by December. We hypothesize the molecular mechanisms of biological action of GNPs
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Description
In this article the influence of four nanometal oxides on tadpoles of lake frog in pure water and in low concentrations of sawage of sugar factory is considered. It is revealed the protecting action of three nanometals, characterized by an increase in growth rates and decrease in death rate of tadpoles in sawage of sugar factories
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Description
The article gives the results of the study of an effect of mechanochemical powder of wood green of Abies (MPA) on potato morphogenesis in vitro. The study involved the hormone-free nutrient mediums (MS, ½ B5, ½ LS) for growing microcuttings from preliminary obtained aseptic plants. Plant morphogenesis was observed on the 15th and 30th days. At that, the number of developed shoots, plant height, leaves number, rhizogenesis rates, root number and length were estimated. MPA appeared to have the regulatory effect on morphogenesis of potato microcuttings. Based on mineral composition of the nutrient agar medium for potato microcuttings growing, MPA at 100 mg/l concentration induced root development (½ B5 medium), reduced height of shoots (MS medium), while the number of leaf blades was not affected
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Description
In the article we investigated the effect of the bacterial metabolites compositions (Aktoflor and Patogen) on antagonistic activity of L.acidophilus D № 75. It was shown the both compositions stimulate integrated antagonistic activity of L.acidophilus D № 75 by inducing the synthesis of the bacteriocin and decreasing the proportion of low active clones in the population. We have also shown the advantage of probiotic bacteria metabolites (Aktoflor). The results can be used to enhance the probiotic potential of the bacterial preparations
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INFLUENCE OF MELAPHEN ON AGROBIOLOGICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTIC OF SAVINION WHITE GRAPE
DescriptionHereby we present the results of the research devoted to study of influence of growth modulator called melaphen on the technical brand of gapes such as Sovinion White and its agro-biological characteristics. The research was conducted in 2014-2015 using fruitful grape Sovinion White of 2004 planting as a subject in agro farm “Yuzhnaya” of Temruk in the Krasnodar Region. Melaphen is a type of melamine salt of bioximethilphosphin acid. It evokes complex influence on the energetic complex of vegetation cell in all three stages of vegetation. The chemical was applied mechanically by a tractor sprinkling. The square of tested patch is 2 hectares. Melaphen usage was 6,7 ml to 1 hectare . Norm of liquid applied was 700 liters to 1 hectare. Three times the chemical was applied during vegetation: before blossoming, grape growth phase (grapes the size of a pea) and before the grapes ripen. As a result it was estimated that three times chemical application of melaphen to Sovinion White in dose 1. 10-9 in period after blossoming of grapes and before the grapes ripen led to more saturated accumulation of sugar in juice of the grapes and also to faster ripening and harvesting, larger mass of grape bunch amount of harvesting from a bush. Besides, in the tested option growing processes are accelerated and pigmentation agents are accumulated faster in the leaves and embryo infestation in winter sleeping core is boosted at larger scale. Better harvest quality leads to better wine materials quality. Application of melaphen provides higher economical efficiency
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Description
We studied the resistance of the eight strains of oil-destructive actinomycetes, isolated from the oil-contaminated ecosystems to heavy metal salts when cultivatiwng with different carbon sources. Furthermore we researched feasibility to use those microorganisms for bioremediation of oil- contaminated sites with high level of heavy metals
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Description
The number of microarthropods in the black soil de-creased with an increase in the number of oil. The same pattern was observed until a certain concentra-tion of lead in soil (von 250 mg / kg), after which high doses (500 and 1000 mg / kg) was recorded an in-crease in the number of microarthropods. Gamasid mites and ticks of akaroid-trombidiform complex have proven more resistant to lead, and armored mites and springtails - to oil, vise versa
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Description
We studied the effects of heavy metal pollution on soil phytotoxicity cities of the Rostov region. The research objects were the soils of urbolandscape towns: Taganrog, Novocherkassk, Gukovo, Shakhty, Azov. The study of the soil pollution with heavy metals was recorded in Gukovo, Shakhty, Taganrog. The degree of pollution of the studied cities form the following row: Gukovo > Shakhty > Taganrog > basics > Novocherkassk. The research was carried out in 2011-2015 at the Department of ecology and environmental Sciences of southern Federal University. In most cases, there was a direct correlation between pollutant concentration and the degree of deterioration of the studied soil properties. Used biological indicators are informative for monitoring of urban soils polluted with heavy metal. The degree of informativity of biological indicators form the following row: root length > germination >length of shoots. The results of the study can be used for monitoring and diagnosing the condition of contaminated soils, in the assessment of environmental impact, risk assessment of natural and synthetic disasters, the development of regional standards on the content of heavy metals in soil and in other environmental and industrial activities