03.00.00 Biological sciences
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CONSTRUCTION OF MUTANTS OF BACTERIOPHAGE T4 WITH REDUCED ANTIGENICITY
Description
A method of obtaining insertion mutants for the hoc gene, which encodes for the main phage antigen, was developed on the model of bacteriophage T4. This gene was cloned in the plasmid pBSL0+ and was disrupted by insertion of foreign DNA. The phage mutants were obtained by in vivo phage-plasmid recombination. The construction of insertion bacteriophage mutants was carried out in two stages. The resulting mutants on this procedure could be grown on wild-type E. coli strains, which is convenient for the production and use of these phages in therapy. The mutants obtained had reduced antigenicity. At the same time, the yield of the mutant strains was high when they were grown on the non-suppressor E. coli laboratory strains. A number of stages of purification of the bacteriophage mutants obtained were performed. Preparations have been studied by transmission electron microscopy and mass spectrometry. By several periodic cultivations of the mutant bacteriophages, it was shown that mutations of this type are stably maintained during more than 50 generations. T4 related bacteriophages of the family Myoviridae, for example, T-even, have the significant homology amongst their genomes, which makes possible to produce similar mutants. Thus, our method was developed to obtain mutants with reduced antigenicity which can be used for both the treatment of systemic infections, and diarrhea in the case, when, bacteriophages penetrate into the bloodstream. Such phages can be used in medicine and veterinary. The reported study was partially supported by RFBR, research projects No. 13-04-00991, 16-44-230855
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SPECIFICITY OF HEAVY METALS ACCUMULATION IN STEVIA REBAUDIANA
Description
The analysis of the accumulation and distribution of heavy metals in the stevia raw material grown in different agroecological regions is carried out. The elements present in the soils always have a complex effect on the plant and at the same time enhance or weaken each other's action. Plants of stevia are able to regulate the flow of the heavy metals under study, assimilating organs accumulate the optimal number of elements necessary for their growth and development, regardless of the growing conditions
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Description
This article presents the results of testing IRAP DNA markers Cass1 and Cass2 applied to Prunus spinosa. The findings suggest the high perspectiveness of their using for the study of genetic diversity of the gene pool of this species. According to the results of the analysis of the sample 12 genotypes were identified from 6 to 13 fragments in the spectrum of Cass1 and from 5 to 11 fragments for Cass2. As a result of cluster analysis in the sample formed three groups of samples. In one of the groups, which is most distant from the other two, includes samples taken in Ukraine, while the remaining two groups included samples from Armenia, the Krasnodar region region, the Republic of Adygea, Ukraine and Moldova, and three cultural large-fruited form. The distribution of samples in clusters corresponded to their geographical origin that favors the objective assessment of genetic distances between the samples using Cass1 and Cass2 markers. Thus, it was concluded that the prospects of using DNA markers to study the genetic diversity within a species of Prunus spinosa
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SPECIES COMPOSITION OF ALGOFLORA IN AGROCENOSIS OF KUBAN
Description
Species composition and abundance of soil algal flora were studied in the Central zone of the Krasnodar region on crops of crops cultivated by various technologies. In the algal flora of the studied area, 48 species of soil algae and cyanobacteria from 28 genera and 18 families, 7 classes and 4 divisions were identified. The largest and numerous in number of species are the departments: Cyanophyta and Chlorophyta. Extensive delivery: Oscillatoria, Gloeocapsa. They account for 22 % of the total number of species. A negative effect of herbicides on number and species composition of soil algae was noted. In all variants of their application there was no form of Klebsormidium flaccidum (Kützing). The number of species of Chlorella vulgaris Beyer. was low, Botrydiopsis arhiza Borzi. It is believed that these species of algae can be used as bioindicators. The positive effect of mineral fertilizers and the aftereffect of introducing organic matter on the soil algal flora have been established. In these variants the deleterious effect of herbicides was reduced. According to the calculated regression equations, the applied mineral fertilizers to a greater extent weakened the negative effect of herbicides on the total number of populations than the aftereffect of introduced organics
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