06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
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BIOCHEMISTRY OF SOME PERSPECTIVE TABLE GRAPES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article contains results of the study of biochemistry of some perspective table grape varieties: Aniuta, Vodograi, Nizina and Jubilee Novocherkasska, yield in 2013 from the Central zone of Krasnodar region. At the time of redy yield the combination of sweetness and acidity of fruits were favorable. The ratio of fructose to glucose was 1.69; 1.36; 2.00; 1.13, respectively, in grapes Aniuta, Vodograi, Nisina, Jubilee Novocherkasska. According to the percentage of fructose in fruit juice varieties Aniuta, Vodograi and Jubilee Novocherkasska close to each other (50.93; 56.14; 51.23%). According to the percentage of glucose similar varieties Aniuta and Nizina (33 - 34.27%), Vodograi and Jubilee Novocherkasska (41.16 - 45.22%). Sort Jubilee Novocherkasska, had content in berries close fructose and glucose. Most of fructose (66.02%) in berries variety Nizina. In berries studied cultivars organic acid content was: wine 3128 - 3861, malic 982 - 3753, citric 109 - 317, amber 3 - 115 mg / dm3. The highest concentrations of potassium and sodium cations are presented in berries varieties Aniuta: potassium - 1219 sodium - 35.13 mg / dm3 and cations magnesium and calcium in berries Jubilee Novocherkasska 46.75 and 73.64 mg / dm3. The lowest concentration of potassium and sodium cations observed in grape Vodograi, magnesium - from grape Aniuta, calcium - at grape Nizina. We studied grape bunches are large, not dense, beautiful, berries are large, harmonious taste. Tasting score fresh grapes varieties Aniuta, Vodograi, Nizina, Jubilee Novocherkasska 7.6; 7.4; 7.8; 7.8 points respectively
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AGRI-ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF CULTIVATION OF NEW VARIETIES AND HYBRIDS OF SWEET SORGHUM
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe organization of animal feeding in the summer and procurement of fodder for the winter are of great importance. The sowings of sugar sorghum can become a reliable and stable source of fodder even in the regions with insufficient humidity. It is a unique drought tolerant crop, which can be used as green mass, hay, silage, grain, mono fodder, briquettes. The article gives the study results of green mass and absolutely dry substance, and the assessment of cultivation efficiency of such sugar sorghum varieties and hybrids grown in FSBSI ‘I.G. Kalinenko ARRIGC’ as ‘Zernogradsky yantar’, ‘Debyut’, ‘Listvenit’, ‘Zersil F1’, ‘Elisey F1’. The productivity of green mass and dry substance of the new variety ‘Listvenit’ and the hybrid ‘Elisey’ exceeded the standard variety on 7,0-5,0 t/ha and 2,30-0,74 t/ha respectively. The cultivation technologies of sweet sorghum varieties and hybrids produced the high net energy of 69,6-121,9 GJ/ha with the coefficient of energy efficiency of 3,72- 5,08. As for the energy, the cultivation technology of the sweet sorghum hybrid ‘Elisey’ can be considered as the most efficient variant, as it produced the maximum net energy of 121,9 GJ/ha with the coefficient of energy efficiency of 5,08
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PRODUCTIVITY INDICES OF MEAT PIGS USING THE "VITA SELENIUM" AND "TOPINAMBUR" AT CULTIVATION
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionStudies were conducted on pure-bred pigs CT and DM-1. Determine the productivity of meat quality, thickness and quality of the bacon, the physicochemical quality of meat, histostructure longissimus dorsi experienced pigs fattened using dietary supplements
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article discusses the influence of conventional technology and the technology of direct seeding at different doses of mineral fertilizers on the growth, development, productivity and economic efficiency of winter wheat cultivation on the leached black soil of the Central Caucasus. It is established that the cultivation of winter wheat without tillage its vegetative mass, leaf area and the efficiency of the assimilation apparatus is significantly less than for sowing the traditional tillage technology recommended by scientific institutions in the region. It is caused by excessive seal of leached black soil, which was used in the study. Such a density of addition of black soils adversely affects the growth, development and yield of crops. As a result, the yield of winter wheat on the technology of direct seeding without fertilizers was 2.46 t / ha, which was significantly lower than for conventional technology, which received 3.21 t / ha. Adding fertilizers increased crop yield for both technologies, but it was significantly higher on the traditional technology. Despite the decline in production costs for the cultivation of winter wheat without tillage, higher profits and profitability were obtained using traditional technology
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EFFECTS OF EMILIANOS ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS ON FORMATION OF QUALITATIVE INDICATORS OF WINES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionGrapes are product of areas. Grape plant is very plastic and can grow on almost all types of soils except highly saline, fusion and wetlands. In studies of many authors, it was indicated the influence of different soil types and their properties on the growth of the vine plants, the quality of berries and their products. The object of study is soils and vines growing on them, laws and processes affecting the formation of grape production. Research methods are expeditions, field and laboratory. The article presents data on the effect of agrochemical soil properties (pH, solid residue, the amount of aqueous extract ions, chlorine ions, alkalinity (НSO3¯), calcium ion, magnesium ion, total carbonate, active carbonates, nitrate nitrogen, mobile phosphorus, exchangeable potassium , humus, humus reserves) on the formation of the harvest of grapes and wine products (tasting score, the extract, the amount of phenolic compounds, the amount of organic acids, the amount of amino acids, metal ions, potassium ions, sodium metal, magnesium ions, calcium ions, the amount of metal ions). With the help of statistical data, we can establish the effect of weather conditions on the formation of 2009-2011 qualitative wines of Cabernet Sauvignon
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PEAR AS A SOURCE OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES FOR PRODUCTS OF FUNCTIONAL PURPOSES
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionBiochemical quantitative and qualitative indices of pear fruit have been investigated in six varieties of pears grown in Prikybanskoy horticultural zone of the Krasnodar region. The investigation has been done with pear fruit in the stage of maturity for harvesting and after 90 days after storage in refrigerator. Quantitative content of dry matter, sugars, vitamins C and P and fraction pectin content in fruits and squeezing of fruits as well as changes in the process of storage have been established
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PROTEIN OF MEAT AND BONE MEAL FOR PIGS
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe modern requirements of intergovernmental standards to the quality and safety of livestock produce provide for the use of highly productive animals capable under small expenses to produce more the high quality produce. In particular, at the formation of meat productivity at pigs the great significance has an achievement of optimal digestion and assimilability of consumed fodder means. In the connection, the study of digestion of meat and bone meal from slaughterhouse wastes of cattle (MCM) and poultry (MCBM) presents the scientific interest. In the fodder experience on the growing pigs with the fistula of iliac intestines there was investigated the digestion of two types of meat and bone meal from slaughterhouse wastes of cattle (MCM) and poultry (MKBM). The iliac accessibility of amino acids of meat and bone meal found itself too low: 49,3 % - 69,3 %. The accessibility of general protein reliably did not differ from the average accessibility on main amino acids - 61,5 %. To count the real iliac accessibility of raw protein and amino acids of meat and bone meal there was determined an endogenous emission of these substances on the casein diet. The real iliac accessibility of protein and individual amino acids did not leave the limits in 73% on МCM and 69% - on МCBМ. The accessibility of lysine, leucine and isoleucine MCBM is reliably higher than the same in MCM (P
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionPeculiarities of breeding oidium-resistant genotypes in crossing Crimea autochthonous grape varieties with complex interspecific hybrids were studied. Twentytwo populations consisting of 1323 seedlings were analyzed over a period of 2008-2014. The highest oidium resistance was registered in the progeny of the cross Khersonesskii х ЖС 26-205 (6.8 points), and the average estimate of oidium resistance across all the study populations was higher than that of the initial autochthonous grapes of the Crimea. The level of hypothetical heterosis in the majority of the study populations indicates that, on the whole, the hybrid seedlings possess a higher oidium resistance relative to the initial Crimea autochthonous grapes. The highest breeding value was associated with cross combinations having the complex interspecific hybrids Muscat JIM, Spartanets Magaracha and Magarach 31-77-10 in their pedigrees. The cross combination Muscat JIM х Shabash was the most efficient, yielding 10.7 per cent of oidium-resistant seedlings. It was reliably established that a high level of the genotypically determined inheritance of oidium resistance is found in crosses with the participation of the interspecific forms Magarach № 31-77-10 and Muscat JIM (female parents) and Spartanets Magaracha and Tsitronnyi Magaracha (male parents). The expediency of this direction of breeding research was proved
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06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe article presents the results of the study to determine changes in indicators of fertility in typical Chernozem of the Belgorod region and the productivity of winter wheat using different agricultural technologies, including elements of biologization
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THE INCREASE OF SWEET CORN COBS YIELD DUE TO NITROGEN FERTILIZERS AND STRAW MULCHING OF ROW SPACING
06.00.00 Agricultural sciences
DescriptionThe research about effectiveness of ammonium nitrate with sowing and in phase of corn 5-6 leaves and row spacing cultivation before straw mulching was done in 2011-2013. The scheme of trial included the variants with straw mulching and without it. The variants without fertilizers and with small doses of them on background without mulching gave higher yield of cobs milk maturity then with mulching. But variants with maximum fertilizers (with sowing N30 and in phase of corn 5-6 leaves N30) gave maximum yield of cobs milk maturity 16,4 t/ha that is higher then similar variant without mulching for 1,7 t/ha. These results were confirmed by analysis of characters of growth and development of corn plants, productivity, and economic effectiveness. Therefore, net profit on variant with fertilizers with sowing N30 and additional fertilizing N30 on background of straw mulching increased for 75490 rubles for 1 ha in comparison with similar variant without mulching. The profitability on the best variant was 335 %