07.00.00 Historical sciences
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PROBLEMS OF RESTORATION OF NATIONAL AUTONOMIES OF REPRESSED PEOPLES
DescriptionThe article attempts to highlight the problems of restoring the autonomies of the repressed peoples of Russia during the Great Patriotic War. Karachais, Kalmyks, Chechens, Ingush, Balkars and other peoples were forcibly relocated to the eastern regions of the country, and their autonomies were abolished. And only after the death of Stalin began the process of softening the special settlement regime for deported peoples. However, the decisive role was played by the 20th Congress of the Party, held in February 1956. At a closed meeting of the congress, the eviction of peoples, NS. Khrushchev called "a gross violation of the national policy of the Soviet state." The Twentieth Party Congress proposed reviving the illegally abolished national autonomies of repressed peoples. Public condemnation of mass repressions against the peoples of the North Caucasus was of great importance for the fate of deported ethnic groups, facilitated a number of measures to restore justice
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ETHNIC BUSINESS IN THE ETHNOLOGICAL EXPERTISE SUBJECT FIELD
DescriptionEthnic minorities’ traditional economy and business forms are the research object. The algorithm specification of the traditional economy forms research in the structure of ethnological examinations and regional ethnological monitoring act as the purpose of the article. The list of research subjects in programs of field researches is offered: a) latent forms of the social relations regulation and their traditional outlook conditionality; b) The cause and effect relationships of the ethnic minorities traditional economic specialization transformation in rural enclaves; c) an order of formation of network (system) of the ethnic enterprises in the urban environment which are focused on services the offer: the migrants facilitating integration; preservation of political, social and economic and cultural ties with regions of "outcome"; creation of conditions for preservation of ethnic self-identification; d) problem "points" of cross-cultural communications identification. The research is conducted within the project "the South of Russia: ethnic businessmen of "house" and beyond his limits (experience of social and economic adaptation)" with financial support of the Russian humanitarian scientific fund (RGNF. Project 1701-00407)
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Description
The article considers the place of Islamic festivities of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha in the policy of Nazi Germany among the North Caucasus highlanders. Implementing “The North Caucasian experiment” based on speculation costs in prewar policy of Soviet power in the North Caucasus, the occupation regime has identified Islamic holidays a special role in the demonstration of “good intentions” and propaganda among highlanders. The author's concept is founded on the premise that under Nazi occupation of mountain areas Muslim holidays, with a strong outward expression, became a part of not only religious but also the ethno-political, social and economic policies of the Third Reich and served as a means of “political security” for Nazi rule. Using the archival documents and materials of the Berlin newspaper “Gazavat”, the author reveals the background, course and consequences of celebration of Eid al-Fitr and Eid al-Adha in the occupied North Caucasus in October and December 1942 and the place of Islamic holidays in Anti-Communist propaganda among highlanders in the Wehrmacht units. The chronological scope of the study is conditioned by the fact that it was during 1942-1944 the arsenal of policy of the Third Reich among Muslims in Europe, North Africa and the Middle East included Muslim holidays
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Description
This article discusses the activities of local authorities in the Northern Caucasus in the regulation of the agrarian sector of the region during the great Patriotic war
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TOPONYMICS OF THE KUBAN REGION IN HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL HERITAGE OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR
DescriptionQuestions, which are considered in the article, have been connected with the role of the Great Patriotic War in the geo- graphical, administrative and territorial name changes in the Kuban region. It is pointed out that the place names are valuable research material for the most complete study of the problem of historical and cultural heritage of the Great Patriotic War. It is noted that after the Great Patriotic War the situation, where many of the new names of geographical and administrative-territorial objects went counter to the traditional main function of the place name - address and its purpose-to help orientation in space, continued. It is shown that politically sensitive "military" place names, being an important element of the Soviet propaganda and agitation, were necessary for the ideological support of the authorities, but at the same time, allows you to save memory of the Great Victory. "Military" toponymy, which has prevailed since the end of the Great Patriotic War , carried out a living link with the past present and future. New post-war name of streets, squares, parks, alleys of cities and villages of Kuban dedicated to heroes and events of the Great Patriotic War, helped to preserve a sense of patriotism and belonging to the victory over fascism. The conclusion is that the central government continued to use after the Great Patriotic War the place names as one of the new genres of advocacy and created a new concept of "military" place name, one of the essential component of which is a moral burden that was to have political overtones
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ANALYSIS OF HUNTING STRATEGY OF UPPER PALEOLITHIC IN THE NORTHERN BLACK SEA COAST
DescriptionThis article is devoted to the studying of one of the most important aspects of learning of life-support and wildlife management systems of hunting of ancient inhabitants of the Northern Black Sea Coast. Such researches are one of the main directions in sphere of studying prehistory of humankind in our country and abroad. The main aim of the research was to create the hunting pattern and to learn the chronological changes, by studying same time materials of Kamennaya Balka II, Tretij Mys, Anetolka II and Amvrosievka. During this research, the complex analysis of faunistic remainders was conducted with the help of new methods, which were developed by Russian and foreign authors. This led to a number of new high-quality results. The article shows the meaning of data which can be learnt by studying faunistic remainders and importance of such type of sources. The continuation of such research can extend our conception of life of our ancient ancestors
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Description
The given article explores the political and social processes that were occurred in the Civil War in the sphere of existence of the Russian family. The author examines the nature of family and socio-cultural relations of the Russian population in this period, especially the processes of modification and transformation of family values, the policy of the new leadership came to power in October 1917 in traditional Russian family; he also analyzes the reasons of attempts of reforms permanently taken by the authorities in this sphere of life of the Russian society. The changes taking place after the October revolution of 1917 y. in the Russian society were so profound in nature that lead the thoughts of whether to exist at the family as a social unit in its traditional form or there has come the time of complete denial of family values, the elimination of the family as a special social institution or there comes a time of the formation of new forms of sexual interaction between men and women in accordance with the changed social conditions, such forms that will make their relationship more free and relaxed in social terms. New decrees and laws enacted after October 1917 y. by the Bolshevik government contributed to the transformation of the whole system of family ties; they changed the very basis of the existence of previous family and dictated a new social reality in which there was no place for the values of the past. Everything on what the traditional family was based in Russia, in fact was revoked and there came new norms and rules of family life dictated by the views of the Bolshevik ideologists about relations between the sexes
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Description
The article presents historical information about the stages of gradual transformation of the first non-large wine-making institution of Crimea, organized in 1828 under the initiative of Prince M.S. Vorontsov in the natural boundary called Magarach near the Imperial Nikitsky botanical garden in the world famous Institute of Grape and Wine "Magarach" - once the chief coordinator of the research work in the field of viticulture and winemaking republics of the USSR and the main forge of scientific staff in this direction. Among the directors of the institute of the last century, there were such talented organizers as A.G. Globa, T.G. Kataryan, P.Y. Golodriga. The Institute operated a network of regional branches, created enotec with a settled in 1836 wine Muscat pink Magarach (World rarity is reflected in the Guinness book of records), the world ampelographic collection (fourth in number of samples), scientists developed area-standard assortment for production, issued 11 Volumes of "Ampelography of USSR" (awarded by OIV), designed a lot of outstanding for yield and stability varieties (Pervenets Magaracha, Ranniy Magaracha, Citron Magaracha et al.) and clones (Muscat white of Red Stone, Pinot Noir yields and others.) grapes. There was a significant contribution in the sphere of research and development of viticulture and winemaking of world, the institute was given an international prestige and this led to establishing the base of the General Assembly of the OIV - International Organization of Grape and Wine, the International Symposium on the selection of wine-town, several international wine tasting competitions and International finest examples of table grapes
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Description
The article attempts to study the participation of student of the Chechen-Ingush state pedagogical / teacher training Institute A. N. Medina in the great Patriotic war of 1941-1945, to gather biographical information about him
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PAINTINGS BY S. A. GAVRILYACHENKO, AS ILLUSTRATIVE OF THE SOURCE ON THE DAILY LIFE OF THE COSSACKS
DescriptionIn today's world, one of the most urgent problems is applying to study history of everyday life. In this paper first analyzes the reflection of the everyday life of the Cossacks on the paintings for S. A. Gavrilyachenko. The author examines in detail the work of the artist associated with this theme indicates strengths and weaknesses. Particular attention is paid to the precision display of the Cossack everyday life in the artist's canvases. Based on the study, the author comes to the conclusion about the possibility of using S. A. Gavrilyachenko as one of the sources in the study of Cossack life. The work particularly focuses on the specifics of their use is indicated method of analysis of illustrative sources. The article also highlights the daily life of the Cossacks. The paper identifies features of life and development of the Cossacks, is indicated by its role in the history of Russia. Important place in the life of the Cossacks took the Orthodox faith; they very strictly observe the customs, traditions and beliefs. Particularly tragic was the Cossack period of the February revolution of 1917, at this time the destruction of the centralized management of the Cossack troops occurred. A decisive blow to the bar caused the Civil war of 1917-1923 and what happened during the famine of 1921 — 1922, this theme is most fully represented in the works of S. A. Gavrilyachenko